Psychology 101 Quiz 4

A person who is very competitive, impatient, is quick to anger and exhibits hostility, is best described as having a ____ personality. a. Type A b. Type B c. Type X d. Type Y

a

After a long week balancing her work at the office, visiting her husband who was in the hospital with a broken leg, and making sure she took her turn driving the carpool for her children, Beverly decided she needed some time for herself. She stopped by the mall and purchased the leather jacket she had been admiring. Beverly's coping response to stress can be best described as a. indulging oneself b. blaming oneself c. giving up d. constructive coping

a

As an individual experiences prolonged stress and begins to use coping efforts, physiological arousal stabilizes at a level higher than normal. This occurs during the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome. a. resistance b. recovery c. exhaustion d. alarm reaction

a

James has an important job interview tomorrow morning and he obviously wants to do a good job of selling himself to the interviewer. James is most likely experiencing a. pressure b. frustration c. conflict d. change

a

Life changes a. involve any noticeable alterations in one's living circumstances that require readjustment b. involve expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way c. are experienced whenever the pursuit of some goal is thwarted d. occur when two or more incompatible motivations or behavioral impulses compete for expression

a

Next semester John needs to take one required course to complete his history major. The two sections of the course are offered at 8:00 a.m. (not ideal for John who likes to sleep until 10:00 a.m.) and at noon with a Professor usually referred to as Dr. Dull. As John decides on his schedule, he will most likely experience an ____ conflict. a. avoidance-avoidance b. approach-avoidance c. attack-avoidance d. approach-approach

a

Ron is "normal" and Don is depressed. Which of the following statements is false? a. Don is more likely to overestimate the degree to which he controls chance events b. Don is less likely to display unrealistic optimism in making predictions about the future c. Ron is more likely to exhibit "positive illusions" d. Ron is more likely to have a favorable self-image

a

The relationship between level of arousal and performance is described by the a. inverted-U hypothesis b. standard-U hypothesis c. normal curve hypothesis d. resistance-exhaustion hypothesis

a

Which of the following is an example of a stressful situation that involves conflict? a. you can't decide whether to go to Florida or Mexico for spring break b. you're stuck behind a slow-moving car on a one lane road c. you have a term paper due the day after tomorrow and you haven't started it yet d. you just took out a large car loan

a

Which of the following is an example of a stressful situation that involves frustration? a. you want to go to the big game tomorrow, but the game is sold out b. you can't decide which movie to rent for tonight c. your parents expect you to get at least a 3.00 GPA this semester d. you just moved into a different apartment

a

Albert Ellis believes people can alter their ____ stress by altering their ____ stressful events. a. cognitive appraisal of; physiological reaction to b. emotional response to; cognitive appraisal of c. cognitive appraisal of; emotional response to d. physiological reaction to; emotional response to

b

Circumstances that threaten, or are perceived to threaten, one's well-being and tax one's coping abilities defines a. frustration b. stress c. pressure d. conflict

b

If one thinks of the general adaptation syndrome by the initials "GAS," it is most appropriate to say "the body runs out of gas" during the a. stage of recovery b. stage of exhaustion c. alarm reaction stage d. stage of resistance

b

In times of stress, activation of the sympathetic nervous system results in the adrenal gland secreting hormones that tend to a. decrease emotional arousal b. mobilize the body for action c. conserve energy d. increase energy and inhibit tissue inflammation

b

The body's defensive reaction to invasion by bacteria, viral agents, or other foreign substances is a. offensive coping b. the immune response c. the recovery response d. the general adaptation response

b

The component of the Type A personality that is most directly related to developing heart disease is a. competitive orientation b. anger and hostility c. perfectionism d. impatience and time urgency

b

The general adaptation syndrome describes one's a. emotional responses to stress b. behavioral responses to stress c. physiological responses to stress d. emotional, behavioral, and physiological responses to stress

b

When expectations or demands that a person behave in a certain way occur, the person experiences a. change b. pressure c. frustration d. conflict

b

Which type of conflict tends to be most unpleasant and highly stressful? a. approach-approach b. avoidance-avoidance c. approach-avoidance d. attack-avoidance

b

College health clinics are most likely to experience an increase in students seeking treatment for colds and other minor illnesses a. during the weekend b. during the middle of the week c. during finals' week d. during the middle week of the semester

c

Largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt are a. learned helplessness b. general adaptation mechanisms c. defense mechanisms d. constructive coping mechanisms

c

Recent research suggests that ____ emotions experienced while under stress appear to play a key role in helping people bounce back from the difficulties associated with stress. a. very intense b. negative c. positive d. unexpected

c

Research has demonstrated individuals with Type A personality a. have an increased risk of developing cancer b. have a decreased risk of developing cancer c. have an increased risk of developing heart disease d. have a decreased risk of developing heart disease

c

Simon smokes, Orson is obese, and Chester is a "couch potato" who does not exercise. All three men have a higher risk of developing ____ than normal weight men who exercise and do not smoke. a. lung cancer b. ulcers c. heart disease d. lung cancer, ulcers, and heart disease

c

The area of specialization concerned with how psychosocial factors relate to the promotion and maintenance of health and with the causation, prevention, and treatment of illness is a. health medicine b. psychological medicine c. health psychology d. medical psychology

c

The person who used to sit next to you in psychology class dropped the course because he was failing. He apparently responded to the stress of psychology class by a. indulging himself b. blaming himself c. giving up d. striking out at others

c

Which of the following is an example of a stressful situation that involves pressure? a. you just transferred to a different college b. you are stuck in a traffic jam on your way to work c. you are meeting your significant other's parents tomorrow and your friend wants you to make a good impression

c

Which of the following is not one of the stages of the general adaptation syndrome? a. alarm reaction b. exhaustion c. recovery d. resistance

c

A physiological reaction to threat involving the autonomic nervous system is the a. general adaptation response b. annoyance, anger, and rage response c. tend and befriend response d. fight-or-flight response

d

According to Albert Ellis, thinking that involves unrealistically pessimistic appraisal of stress that exaggerate the magnitude of one's problems defines a. emotional thinking b. optimistic thinking c. pessimistic thinking d. catastrophic thinking

d

Conflict a. involves any noticeable alterations in one's living circumstances that require readjustment b. involves expectations or demands that one behave in a certain way c. is experienced whenever the pursuit of some goal is thwarted d. occurs when two or more incompatible motivations or behavioral impulses compete for expression

d

During the ____ stage of the general adaptation syndrome, arousal decreases and the body's resources may be depleted. a. resistance b. recovery c. exhaustion d. alarm reaction

d

Efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress refers to a. behavioral coping b. constructive coping c. defensive coping d. coping

d

Reduced levels of immune activity are associated with a. decreases in cholesterol b. increases in cholesterol c. decreases in stress d. increases in stress

d

When a person has two or more incompatible motivations or behavioral impulses competing for expression, the person experiences a. change b. pressure c. frustration d. conflict

d

Which of the following is not associated with moderating or reducing the effects of stress? a. relaxation b. optimism c. humor d. suppressing pent-up emotions

d

Which of the following represents the most accurate description of the type of circumstances that may be stressful? a. traumatic events such as being in the middle of a terrorist attack b. everyday events such as waiting in a long line to renew your driver's license c. traumatic events but not everyday events d. traumatic events and everyday events

d

Which of the following statements concerning burnout is false? a. burnout is associated with reduced work-productivity b. a central characteristic of burnout is exhaustion c. burnout results in increased vulnerability to health problems d. burnout only occurs in individuals who have high status occupations

d

While Barb frequently talks to others about her emotions when in a stressful situation, her husband Mike actively tries to suppress his emotions and does not like to discuss the stress in his life. Most likely compared to Barb, Mike exhibits a. increased immune functioning and decreased autonomic arousal b. increased immune functioning and increased autonomic arousal c. decreased immune functioning and decreased autonomic arousal d. deceased immune functioning and increased autonomic arousal

d