psychology 11

In addition to his normal duties, a professor actively participates in the extra-curricular activities of the college where he teaches. According to Suzanne Kobasa, which of the following characteristics of psychological hardiness does the professor exhibit? Select one: a.Commitment. b.Challenge. c.Control. d.Humor.

a

Many health problems are affected by __________ such as attitudes, emotions, and behavior. Select one: a.psychological factors b.sociocultural factors c.biological factors d.environmental factors

a

__________ are best described as people who perceive the ability to control events or outcomes in stressful situations as being largely outside themselves. Select one: a. Externals Correct b. Internals c. Type A people d. Type B people

a

Carole is a healthy teenager. She is able to resist illness despite being severely stressed at times. She believes that change is normal and can face adverse situations well. Psychologists would say that Carole __________. Select one: a.exhibits low self-efficacy expectations b.is psychologically hardy c.is indulging in irrational beliefs d.is catastrophizing

b

Latisa wanted to take the job because of the good pay but did not like the idea of the long hours. This is an example of ________ conflict. Select one: a.avoidance-avoidance b.approach-avoidance C. approach-approach d.multiple approach-avoidance

b

The __________ activates the adrenal medulla, causing it to release a mixture of adrenaline and noradrenaline during the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome. Select one: a.parasympathetic nervous system b.sympathetic nervous system c.somatic nervous system d.central nervous system

b

According to the general adaptation syndrome, the levels of endocrine and sympathetic activity in the __________ are lower than the levels in the alarm reaction but still higher than normal. Select one: a.refractory stage b.flight-or-flight stage c.exhaustion stage d.resistance stage

d

Ever since Michelle failed her biology test, she thinks that she will never be able to find a job when she eventually graduates. She feels that she will end up homeless. This situation best demonstrates __________. Select one: a.psychological hardiness b.self-efficacy expectations c.the coronary-prone behavior pattern d.irrational beliefs

d

f you have a _______ locus of control you tend to believe that you can influence when how things go in your life. Select one: a. internal b. external c. high d. low

a

_________ such as pathogens, injuries, age, gender, and a family history of disease may strike us as the most obvious causes of illness. Select one: a.Psychological factors b.Sociocultural factors c.Biological factors d.Environmental factors

c

Claire is always on the go. She was valedictorian of her class and has always been competitive. She likes to be the leader and has trouble letting others take over control of situations. She can be impatient and mean to others when she is upset. She would most likely be considered to exhibit _______. Select one: a. a Type B behavior pattern b. a Type A behavior pattern c. an external locus of control d. an internal locus of control

b

Sam wants to be a clinical psychologist. He has been accepted at two different graduate schools. Both schools are equally prestigious and will provide him with an outstanding education. However, he is finding it difficult to choose between the two. According to Neal E. Miller, this type of conflict is known as a: Select one: a.avoidance-avoidance conflict. b.approach-approach conflict. c.approach-avoidance conflict. d.multiple approach-avoidance conflict.

b

According to the different kinds of support for coping with stress, __________ involves listening to people's problems and expressing feelings of sympathy, caring, understanding, and reassurance. Select one: a.appraisal b.instrumental aid c.emotional concern d.socializing

c

In the context of stress and the body, which of the following is true of stress? Select one: a.Stress is confined to the psychological state of a person. b.All types of stress are unhealthy and bad for us. c.Stress can lead to physical health problems. d.Intense or prolonged stress keeps us alert and occupied.

c

In the context of stress and the immune system, which of the following is true of steroids? Select one: a.Their persistent secretion makes us immune to the common cold. b.Their persistent secretion increases inflammation. c.Their persistent secretion interferes with the formation of antibodies. d.Their persistent secretion enhances the health of the cardiovascular system.

c

Which of the following are some of the differences between life changes and daily hassles? Select one: a. Many life changes are negative and occur less frequently. b. Many life changes are positive and occur frequently. c. Life changes can be positive or negative and occur less frequently. d. All life changes are negative and occur frequently.

d

is the feeling of being pulled in two or more directions by opposing motives. Select one: a.Homeostasis b.Self-actualization c.Self-efficacy d.Conflict

d

usan is in the alarm reaction stage of Selye's general adaptation syndrome. In this scenario, which of the following is most likely to occur? Select one: a.Her heart and respiration rates slow down and her muscles become fatigued. b.Her endocrine and sympathetic nervous systems shut down. c.Her hypothalamus secretes cortisol, which in turn causes her pituitary gland to secrete corticotrophin-releasing hormones. d.Her body is aroused and she experiences a fight-or-flight reaction.

d

Humor helps people cope with stress by __________. Select one: a.postponing making difficult decisions b.stimulating the output of endorphins C. enhancing the functioning of the immune system d.positive cognitive shifts that result in positive emotions.

b

______ refers to our ability to bring about desired changes through our own efforts. Select one: a.Hardiness b.Self-efficacy c.Healthiness d.Coronary behavior pattern

b

In the context of the general adaptation syndrome, the mixture of adrenaline and noradrenaline ________. Select one: a.slows down the respiration rate b.forces the body to enter the exhaustion stage c.arouses the body by accelerating the heart rate d.suppresses the release of glucose from the liver

c

Suzanne Kobasa and her colleagues studied business executives who seemed able to resist illness despite stress. In one phase of the research, executives completed a battery of psychological tests, and the researchers found that the psychologically hardy executives tended to __________. Select one: a.feel alienated from what they were doing b.have an external locus of control c.appraise change as an interesting incentive to personal growth d.be low in perceived control over their lives

c

After returning from work, Greg contemplates whether he should stay at home or exercise at the gym. He wants to stay at home because he likes to relax, but feels guilty about not getting enough exercise. He knows that if he goes to the gym, he will be glad that he is exercising but unhappy because he does not enjoy the activity. According to Neal E. Miller, this is an example of a __________. Select one: a.avoidance-avoidance conflict b.approach-approach conflict c.interpersonal conflict d.multiple approach-avoidance conflict

d

High self-efficacy expectations are accompanied by: Select one: a.high levels of noradrenaline. b.a decreased ability to function when in pain. c.a higher susceptibility to breakdowns during adverse events. d.low levels of adrenaline.

d

___ engage in search-and-destroy missions in which they "recognize" and eradicate foreign agents and unhealthy cells. Select one: a.Erythrocytes b.Blood platelets c.Red blood cells d.White blood cells

d