Psychology Ch 14

There are ___ basic categories of recognized types of personality disorders in the DSM'5.

three

The DSM-5 contains all of the following EXCEPT:

a description of how to perform such procedures as trephining to treat the disorders

This is apparent when there is a sudden onset of intense alarm in which there can be multiple physical symptoms of stress occurring.

a panic attack

An irrational and often persistent fear of an object, situation, or activity is called:

a phobia

_______ is when a person believes that his or her behavior must be perfect or the result will be a total failure.

all-or-nothing thinking

________ is a condition in which a person reduces eating to a point that results in significantly lower-than-normal body weight.

anorexia nervosa

One of the most researched and well-known personality disorders is _____ personality disorder. These individuals are literally "against society."

antisocial

The emotional unresponsiveness of people who suffer from _______ personality disorder has been linked to lower than normal levels of stress hormones.

antisocial

In the ______ model, abnormal behavior is seen as the result of the combined and interacting forces of biological, psychological, social, and cultural influences.

biopsychosocial

Scott experiences vast mood swings ranging from depression on one end of the spectrum to episodes when he feels euphoric and has so much energy that he can't sleep. Scott is suffering from:

bipolar disorder

Bill tends to have relationships with others that are very intense and often unstable. He is moody, manipulative, and sometimes engages in suicidal behaviors to get attention from others. Bill would best be diagnosed with ________ disorder.

borderline personality

The ______ theory explains dissociative disorders as the result of "thought avoidance" to avoid or decrease the pain of guilt, shame, or anxiety produced from disturbing thoughts and experiences.

cognitive/behavioral

Researchers investigating ways to help people reduce their experience of test anxiety have found that ________ (imagining a person who is successful at a related task) lowered the relationship between test anxiety and test performance.

competence priming

Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are ailments most often found in Western society, and are therefore called:

cultural syndromes

_____ disorders involve a break in consciousness, memory, or a person's sense of identity.

dissociative

A ________ occurs when a person travels away from home and then cannot remember the trip or personal information such as identity.

dissociative fugue

The current name for what was once called multiple personality disorder is:

dissociative identity disorder

Maria is a college student and is generally anxious. She cannot identify any one thing in particular that is bothersome, but feels anxious most of the time. Maria is exhibiting:

free-floating anxiety

Cognitive psychologists believe abnormal behavior is the result of:

illogical thinking problems

Behavioral theorists link depression to:

learned helplessness

Severe sadness that comes on suddenly, and is either (a) too severe for the circumstances or (b) exists without any external cause, is called:

major depression

_______ is the most commonly diagnosed mood disorder.

major depression

A person who finds it difficult to function on a day-to-day basis may be displaying ______ behaviors.

maladaptive

Todd has been struggling with _____, characterized by the intruding thought that his hands are covered in germs. He cannot pursue daily tasks unless he completes a ritualistic routine to wash his hands until he feels clean. These rituals have taken up so much of his time that he rarely manages to finish a task or complete his work at his job.

obsessive-compulsive disorder

An individual who uses _____ takes one negative event and interprets it as a never-ending pattern of defeat.

overgeneralization

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia appear to reflect a decrease of normal functions such as:

poor attention or a lack of effort

Bulimia nervosa is a condition in which a person develops a cycle of binging on enormous amounts of food and then using inappropriate methods to avoid weight gain. What causes a person to binge when he or she is so worried about weight gain?

prompts such as an anxious or depressed mood, social stressors, or intense hunger after extreme diet attempts

The ____ model explains disordered behavior as the result of repressing one's threatening thoughts, memories, and concerns in the unconscious mind.

psychodynamic

Matthew, a psychology major, is worried that he and his family have the mental disorders he is reading about. Matthew is experiencing:

psychology student's syndrome

The study of abnormal behavior is called:

psychopathology

The term ____ means that the person is unable to distinguish between reality and fantasy and experiences disturbances in thinking, emotions, and behavior.

psychotic

The term dementia praecox once referred to the disorder now known as:

schizophrenia

_____ is a mood disorder that is caused by the body's reaction to low levels of light present in the winter months.

seasonal affective disorder

The _____ assumes that a biological sensitivity to a certain disorder will result in the development of the disorder under the right conditions of environmental or emotional stress.

stress-vulnerability model

A man with a paralyzing fear of heights has become unable to go upstairs or ride in an elevator. This is an example of:

subjective discomfort