Psychology Chapter 16

The primary goal of _________________ is to transfer the primary focus of treatment for patients suffering from extreme and chronic mental disorders from the hospital to the community.

WRONG ANSWER: social skills training

As part of a smoking cessation program, Paul receives an injection of a nausea-inducing drug and then is asked to smoke a cigarette. Even though he knows he is receiving the drug, it is hoped that Paul will associate the nausea symptoms with smoking and will thus smoke less. This example best demonstrates the procedures typically used in:

aversion therapy

A therapist working in a family therapy context would most likely assume that psychological disorders:

are reflective or indicative of dysfunctional relationships.

In ______________, a previously positive conditioned stimulus (CS) is paired with a noxious stimulus in an attempt to eliminate the undesirable behavior evoked by the CS.

aversion thearpy

An important difference between traditional and brief psychodynamic therapy is that:

brief psychodynamic therapy tends to focus on current life problems whereas traditional psychoanalysis attempts to rebuild the client's personality

Modern meta-analyses comparing the effectiveness of various types of therapies have concluded that:

certain specific disorders have treatments that are most effective for that particular disorder

Which of the following therapeutic approaches is considered to be a brief therapy based primarily on the principles of psychoanalysis?

interpersonal therapy

Which of the following is a mental state of awareness, focus, openness, and acceptance of immediate experience?

mindfulness

Dr. Axworthy is conducting a test of a new treatment for borderline personality disorder. One randomly determined group of people suffering from the disorder receives the new treatment. To control for client expectations, another group receives a psychotherapy treatment that has consistently been shown NOT to be effective. Which of the following most accurately classifies this second group of study participants?

It is a placebo control group

Which of the following is a problem with data collected from a sole, individual case study?

It is difficult to generalize conclusions from a case study

The identification and replacement of irrational thoughts and the ABCD model of emotional disturbance are most closely associated with which of the following people?

Albert Ellis

The research by which of the following individuals has the most relevance to the therapist factors that affect psychotherapy treatment outcomes?

Carl Rogers

Carl is involved in a therapy group in which he is frequently asked to role-play various people and even inanimate objects in order to gain more access to feelings from which he has been cut off. The therapist facilitating the group is rather imaginative when suggesting activities for the group and has been known to be challenging every now and then. Carl's therapy group is most likely based on the principles of:

Gestalt therapy

Which of the following therapies represents the application of operant principles to psychological disorders?

behavior modification

Token economies are often used in _______________ and they attempt to modify behavior by using _______________.

behavior modification; positive reinforcement

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is primarily used for _______.

depression

Tricyclics, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were all mentioned as drug treatments for which of the following disorders?

depression

According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is the "royal road to the unconscious"?

dreams

The Gestalt therapy approach of Fritz Perls is largely based on:

perceptual principles that describe how different stimuli are perceived

Which of the following involves the random assignment of clients to treatment or control conditions in order to compare them?

randomized clinical trials

In psychoanalytic theory, it is assumed that whereas the person may consciously want help, there may be an unconscious motivation not to change. The defensive patterns that disrupt therapy and function to maintain the present condition are called:

resistance

Learning new abilities by observing and then copying a model is most central to which of the following approaches?

social skills training

Janice has a phobia of dogs and decides to consult with a behavior therapist in order to get some help. The therapist first teaches her a muscle relaxation technique. After she has learned this, they create a list of increasingly fearful situations involving dogs. Starting with the least feared situation, the therapist has Janice imagine it and then use her relaxation training to eliminate any anxiety that arises. This therapist is using the general technique called ______________, and the list that they have created is an example of _____________.

systematic desensitization; a stimulus hierarchy

Carl Rogers would likely claim that the most important curative agent in psychotherapy is:

the relationship between client and therapist

One of the problems associated with deinstitutionalization is what is called _________________, where the majority of hospital admissions involve people who have previously been hospitalized.

the revolving door phenomenon