PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER 16

Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

confidentiality

Exposure therapy is a ________ technique.

counterconditioning

Aversive conditioning is a ________.

counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

Anti-anxiety agents work by ________.

depressing central nervous system activity

ECT stands for ________.

electroconvulsive therapy

Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?

group therapy

What is the goal of humanistic therapy?

helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

humanistic therapy

During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs.

intake

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?

involuntary

In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ________.

possessed by demons

A school counselor leads a support group for children whose parents have AIDS. The counselor focuses on defining AIDS, discussing treatment and side effects of treatment, and how the children can develop coping mechanisms. This exemplifies ________.

psycho-educational treatment

Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

psychodynamic psychotherapy

Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________.

race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse is called ________.

relapse

The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.

stimulants

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

systematic desensitization

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.

token economy

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

unconditional positive regard

Lexi cannot control her impulses to pull out her hair. Her friend Paul suggests that she see a therapist and Lexi agrees. She gets a referral from her primary care physician for a therapist and begins seeing Dr. Clark four times a month. What kind of treatment does this describe?

voluntary

Who developed client-centered therapy?

Carl Rogers

Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United States?

Dorothea Dix

What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?

Ethnic minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans.

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

How you think determines how you feel.

Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?

It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem.

According to research, how does the public view children and teens with mental health disorders?

Over 1,300 U.S. adults believe children with depression are prone to violence.

Who developed psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud

The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is ________.

The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is ________.

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

active listening

________ can increase the risk of obesity and diabetes as well as elevate cholesterol levels; it can also cause constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, and dizziness.

atypical antipsychotics

Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

behavior

Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

behavior therapy

Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.

biomedical

In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the ________.

client engages in self-reflection prior to the session to decide what to discuss

Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy.

client-centered

Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive therapy

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), in 2008, ________ of adults received treatment for a mental health issue.

13.4%

According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ________ of U.S. adults experienced mental illness in 2012.

19%

Statistics show that ________ of homeless adults living in shelters experience mental illness.

26%

Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Adderall

Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

antidepressants

Addiction is often viewed as a(an) ________ disease.

chronic

What is the emphasis in humanistic therapy?

client's present and future

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

free association

Breach of confidentiality is a greater risk in ________ therapy.

group

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

play therapy

Which therapeutic process involves the use of toys?

play therapy

Deinstitutionalization refers to the ________.

process of closing large asylums

Carl Rogers called his therapeutic orientation client-centered therapy because he thought the term "patient" ________.

suggested the person seeking help was sick and looking for a cure