Psychology Chapter 3

The specialization of the right and left cerebral hemispheres for particular functions is known as _____.

Lateralization

Broca's area is located in the _________ lobe, while Wernicke's area is located in the _________ lobe

Left frontal; left temporal

When Harper plays soccer, her _____ send a message to her legs, telling them to move.

Motor neurons

Many of the axons in our nervous system are covered by a fatty tissue that helps speed up the neural impulse. This fatty tissue is called _____.

Myelin sheath

Chemical messengers that transport messages from one neuron to another are called _____ and are stored in _____.

Neurotransmitters; synaptic vesicles

Dmitris is in a car accident and his parietal lobe is injured. Which of the following is the most likely behavioral effect of his accident?

No sensation in his legs or feet

The ________ nervous system is responsible for stimulating digestion and is often referred to as the "rest and digest" portion of the nervous system.

Parasympathetic

Ross is at a hockey game when he gets hit in the head with a hockey puck and now Ross has a painful lump on his head. His _____ lobe allows him to process the pain.

Parietal

Jamie's _____ allow her to feel the hot sun on her skin

Sensory neurons

If an axon is unmyelinated, meaning it does not have any myelin sheath, the electrical impulse will travel _____ an axon with myelin sheath.

Slower than

Sensory and motor neurons of the ________ nervous system are associated with activities traditionally thought of as conscious or voluntary.

Somatic

The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as increased heart rate and increased respiration.

Sympathetic

When you encounter a dangerous situation, the part of the nervous system that creates the alarm is the _____ nervous system

Sympathetic

The space between two neurons is called the ________.

Synapse

Jarvis is listening to his favorite song on the radio. Which lobe is involved in hearing?

Temporal

What is the current status of the nature versus nurture debate?

The focus is now on the relative contributions of both nature and nurture

What happens when there are more neurotransmitters in the synaptic gap than there are receptor sites?

The sending neuron recycles the extra neurotransmitters through uptake

After her car accident, Tammy can speak but she cannot understand what her parents are saying to her. Tammy has damage to _____.

Wernicke's area

When your professor asks you a question, _____ helps you understand what is being asked and _____ allows you to respond.

Wernicke's area; Broca's area

A(n) ________ is the electrical signal that typically moves from the neurons cell body down the axon to the axon terminals.

Action potential

Debbie is terrified of clowns. Her brother sneaks up behind her in a clown mask, causing Debbie's _____ to activate.

Amygdala

Which of the following areas is located in the frontal lobe of the brain?

Broca's area

The _____ nervous system contains the brain and spinal cord.

Central

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________.

Central; peripheral nervous system

Phillis is having trouble keeping her balance. Which brain structure is most likely to be damaged?

Cerebellum

Communication between neurons is _____, while communication within a neuron is _____.

Chemical; electrical

Henrik suffers from severe epilepsy. He underwent surgery and now the left- and right-hemispheres of his brain can no longer communicate. Which brain structure did Henrik have severed?

Corpus callosum

Which part of the neuron receives messages?

Dendrite

Teenagers tend to behave more impulsively than adults. This can be explained by the fact that their _____ lobes, which are involved in decision making, are not yet fully developed.

Frontal

The myelin sheath is made from ________.

Glial cells

Grace spends several hours per week studying for her psychology final exam. As she studies, her _____ is helping her create new memories.

Hippocampus

________ is a state of equilibrium, in which biological conditions (such as body temperature) are maintained at optimal levels.

Homeostasis