Psychology Final: CH. 13-16

job satisfaction

According to the research of Lillian Gilbreth, many employees were motivated by money and ________.

increased

Over the past few years, research suggests that stress levels in the United States have ________.

fearing you will die

Which of the following is not an example of suicidal ideation?

Primary appraisal

judgement amount/degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail

secondary appraisal

judgement of options available to cope with a stressor and their potential effectiveness

daily hassle

Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________.

involuntary

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?

less stress than someone who has no effective options

Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences ________.

depressing central nervous system activity

Anti-anxiety agents work by ________.

sexual harassment

As a result of its interest in worker well-being and relationships, organizational psychology includes the study of ________.

racial identity

Ashaela is Black, and she is attending a college with a predominately White population. She is the only Black student in several of her classes; last week in her psychology class, another student muttered a racist slur as she passed Ashaela's desk. Ashaela is attempting to cope by talking to her parents about her heritage and joining the Black Student Union on campus. This exemplifies the ________ strategy for coping with racism.

cognitive-behavioral therapy

The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is ________.

stimulants

The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.

schizophrenia

Veena's thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with?

describing the task accurately

What is job analysis?

thoughts affect behavior

What principle underlies cognitive-behavioral therapy?

disorganized thinking

What symptom of schizophrenia is illustrated by the following example? So bees with knees have fleas and fleas jump, I jump like a jack, Jack the Giant Killer. Giants kill and transform things and something happened, but we can't hear because our eyes are like flies that flew away.

immutable characteristic

Which concept describes traits that are fundamental to one's personal identity (e.g., skin color and hair texture) that an employer cannot use to discriminate in hiring?

female mentor-male protégé

Which form of mentor-protégé relationship is the rarest?

feeling of being treated unfairly, unjustly, or disrespectfully

Which of the following is a frequent trigger for workplace violence?

Thomas Szasz

Who argued that the notion of mental illness was invented by society (and the mental health establishment) to stigmatize and subjugate people whose behavior violates accepted social and legal norms?

flow

________ is a state of intense engagement in an activity; it is usually experienced while participating in creative work and leisure endeavors.

distress

________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating.

Eustress

good form of stress; low to moderate in intensity; associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance

Willhelm Hundt

influenced industrial and organizational (I-O) Psychology

Type B

psychological and behavior pattern exhibited by a person who is relaxed and laid back (less vulnerable to heart disease)

Type A

psychological and behavior pattern exhibited by individuals who tend to be extremely competitive, impatient, rushed, and hostile towards others.

The U.S Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

responsible for enforcing laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee

Industrial psychology

studies job characteristics, applicant characteristics, and how to match them; also studies employee training and performance appraisal

organizational psychology

studies the interactions between people working in organizations and the effects of those interactions on productivity

antisocial personality disorder

From an early age, Kwaku got into trouble constantly. He continually violates the rights of others and he often lies, fights, and has problems with the law. Generally, he is impulsive and fails to think ahead. He is frequently deceitful and manipulative in order to get the things he wants, and he never regrets his misdeeds or considers the feelings of those he has harmed. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Kwaku's personality?

play therapy

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis?

client-centered

Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy.

organizing the books

Identify the compulsion in the following example. Demarco can't stop thinking about his book collection, which includes hundreds of first editions. He wants it to be in a particular order. He spends hours every day organizing his books alphabetically by author, then by color, then by size.

knowledge, skills, abilities

In job specification, what does the acronym KSA stand for?

chronic

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

token economy

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.

obsessive-compulsive

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

being outside the home alone

Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________.

Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome

Reaction to a stressor (usually severe) - alarm - resistance - exhaustion

relapse

Repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse is called ________.

hostile environment

Rosetta is a master electrician. Often, she is the only woman at the construction site. Her male coworkers frequently make sexual comments about her appearance. She complains to the site manager, but he tells her to toughen up. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?

anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence

A stressor is likely to be appraised as a threat when someone ________.

threat; challenge

A stressor would be appraised as a ________ if someone anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence; however, if someone believes that it carries the potential for gain or personal growth, it would be appraised as a ________.

seasonal pattern

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during midwinter. What kind of depression does Alexis have?

worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment

An organizational psychologist studies ________.

problem focused

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress: He immediately uses the Internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

industrial

Diana is assessing applicants for a pilot job at a regional airfield. She wrote the description of the ideal candidate, and now she is reviewing the personality profiles of the applicants to screen those who do not fit the profile. Diana is working in the specialty area of industrial-organizational psychology called ________ psychology.

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

The O*Net database

describes the skills, knowledge, and education required for occupations, as well as what personality types and work styles are best suited for the role.