Psychology: Learning Curve 15a.

_____ therapies use a variety of techniques that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses.

Insight

This form of listening is empathic listening.

active

Stefanie meets with her therapist once a week to talk about her marriage and her relationship with her parents. In addition to helping Stefanie gain insight into these relationships, Stefanie's therapist prescribes medication. This is an example of:

an eclectic approach

Nanci's therapist is an active listener, who often paraphrases what she says. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. Her therapy is MOST likely:

client-centered

Glenn suffers from depression. He frequently thinks of situations as overwhelmingly bad, with no hope of future improvement. Glenn would benefit MOST from _____ therapy.

cognitive

Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Sanchez remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Sanchez's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for his inability to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is MOST representative of:

cognitive thinking

The widely practiced integrative therapy that aims not only to alter the way people think but also to alter the way they act is called:

cognitive-behavioral therapy

During a psychoanalytic therapy session, Max focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering him. The therapist tells Max to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Max's therapist is using a technique known as _____.

free association

If Ardith, who is recovering from alcohol use disorder, wishes to remain in recovery, she is better served by _____ than by _____.

frequent attendance at Alcoholics Anonymous meetings; a general support group

The three main qualities that therapists advocating the _____ perspective hope to exhibit are genuineness, acceptance, and empathy.

humanistic

If you want to improve communication in your own relationships, these three Rogers-inspired hints may help.

paraphrase, invite clarification, and reflect feelings

Psychodynamic therapy is based on the premise that:

people unconsciously avoid issues that are painful

These therapists attend a two-year graduate program, in addition to postgraduate supervision, to offer psychotherapy.

psychiatric social workers

Except for traditional _____, most therapies may also occur in small groups.

psychoanalysis

Clients may overestimate the value of therapy because they:

put a lot of effort into therapy

More than 100 million Americans belong to small _____ groups that meet regularly.

religious, interest, and self-help

During her weekly psychoanalytic therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly change the subject. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

resistance

During his weekly therapy sessions, Colin finds it very difficult to talk about childhood memories. He often pauses before mentioning embarrassing moments, or simply forgets important details. Colin's behavior illustrates:

resistance

To help Tom reduce his fear of flying, a therapist first encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist's technique BEST illustrates:

systematic desensitization

Which of the following is an example of the application of operant conditioning principles in behavior therapy?

token economy

At her weekly therapy session, Nia became agitated at her therapist, saying that he was controlling and domineering, just like her father. Nia's behavior illustrates _____.

transference

At his weekly therapy session, Henry became agitated at his therapist, saying that she was controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life with all of her mothering. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

transference

Bob yells at this therapist, "You are an impatient know-it-all, and you only care about yourself!" Bob is MOST likely experiencing:

transference

Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy indicates that:

treatment is generally beneficial

While _____ focused on revealing the absurdity of people's self-defeating ideas through a more confrontational approach, _____ sought to reverse people's catastrophizing beliefs about themselves through the use of gentle questioning.

Albert Ellis; Aaron Beck

An experiment in which Asian-American clients were matched with counselors who shared their cultural values found that the:

Asian-American clients perceived more counselor empathy and felt a stronger alliance with the counselor

_____ therapies aim to boost people's self-fulfillment by helping them grow in self-awareness and self-acceptance.

Humanistic

In psychoanalysis, _____ is the technique in which the analyst offers explanations for resistances, for example, in order to help the patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts.

interpretation

In Rogers' client-centered therapy, the therapist listens, without judging or interpreting. This type of therapy is referred to as _____.

nondirective