Psychology Mid-Term 1

Which perspective most clearly focuses on how we learn observable responses

Behavioral

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into

Bloodstream

The part of the cerebral cortex that directs the most the movements involved in speech is known as

Broca's area

Which professional specialty focuses on diagnosis and treatment of people with psychological disorders

Clinical

The coiled, fluid-filled tube in which sound waves trigger nerve impulses is called the

Cochlea

The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called

Cocktail party effect

Piaget is best known for his interest in the process of ____ development

Cognitive

Which psychological perspective highlights the manner in which people encode, process, store, and retrieve information

Cognitive

Servering a cat reticular formation for higher brain regions cause the car to

Comma

Five-year-old Tommy mistakenly believes that her short, wide glass contains less soda than her brothers tall, narrow glass. Actually, both glasses contain the same amount of soda. This illustrates that Tammy lacks the concept of

Conservation

Thinking that she has outperformed most of her classmates Glenville was surprised to receive just an average grade on my psychology test. Glendas experience best illustrates

Context affects, overconfidence

When Dominique learned that many students have received a failing grade on the midterm exam, he was no longer disappointed by his C grade. His experience best illustrates the impact of

Context effects

In an experiment designed to study the effectiveness of the new drug, researchers participants who receive a placebo or participating in the____ group

Control

In formation is most quickly transmitted for one cerebral hemisphere to another by the

Corpus callosum

Which of the following pain techniques is emphasized in Lamaze method of childbirth training

Distraction, breathing, massage

Both the researchers in the participants in a memory study or ignorant about whispered to spit have actually received a potentially memory enhancing drugs and whichever see the placebo. this investigation involves the use of

Double-blind procedure

The association areas are located in the

Everywhere in the brain most likely cerebral cortex

Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference enhanced the survival of our ancestors' genes. This viewpoint beat illustrates _________ perspective

Evolutionary

Crystallized intelligence refers most directly to a person's

Experience

A research method in which an investigator manipulates factors that potential he produced a particular behavior is a(n)

Experiment

The self-reflective observation of ones own sensations and feelings is called

Introspection

The first psychological laboratory was established by

Fred wuntr

Who emphasize that the whole may exceed the summer of its parts

Gestalt psychology

Humanistic psychologist focused attention on the importance of

Health and growth potential

Sierra, a 28 year old heroin on addict, is pregnant. Her baby will be born

Heroin addict

The believe that weather conditions signal the onset of a arthritis pain best illustrates

Hindsight bias

Professor Smith told one class the alcohol consumption has been found to increase sexual desire. He informed another class that alcohol consumption has been found to reduce sexual appetite. The fact that neither class was surprised by the information they perceived best illustrates the power of

Hindsight bias, over confidence

The chemical messengers of the endocrine system are called

Hormones

Individualism is to collectivism as _____ is to ______

Independence to interdependence

The chemical messengers released into the spatial junctions between neurons are called

Neuron transmittera

Professor Lopez believes that severe depression results primarily from an imbalanced diet and abnormal brain chemistry. Professor Lopez favors a ____ perspective on depression

Neuroscience

The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of

Norms

Dr.Kozak has concluded that the unusually low incidence of alcoholism among citizens of a small African American country can be attributed to strong fundamentalistic religious influences in that region. This brief best illustrates a(n) _______perspective.

Social-cultural

The knee-jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the

Spinal cord

The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suited to a specific ecological niche is known as

Survival of the fittest or natural selection

And accelerated heartbeat is to a slow heartbeat as the _____ nervous system to the _____ nervous system

Sympathetic to parasympathetic

If research suggest that a pregnant mothers use of an artificial sweetener caused harm to the fetus, the artificial sweetener would be considered a(n)

Terogen

Hypotheses are best described best

Testable predictions

The prenatal development of the external make sex organs is stimulated by

Testosterone

Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex

The Thalamus ( switch board )

People are more likely to perceive a figure and ground illustration as reversable if they were told if it is reversed. This best illustrates

Top-down

In order to estimate trade heritability, researchers are most likely to make use of

Twin studies

The distinctive feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis on

Unconscious

The surgical removal of a large tumor from dane's occipital love resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. Dane is most likely to suffer some loss of

Vision

During the course of successful prenantal development, a human organism begins as a(n)

Zygote

Which specialist most likely to have a medical degree is a(n)

psychiatrist

The threadlike structure that contains genes are called

Chromosomes

In order to axis reactions to me propose tuition hike at her college, Ariano set a questionnaire to every 15th person in the college registers alphabetical listing of all current enrolled students. Ariana employee the technique of

Random selection

Surveys indicate that people are most like lead to support " welfare " than " aid to the needy." The somewhat paradoxical survey results best illustrate the importance of

Random selection

Which technique involves repeating the essence of it earlier research study with different participants in different circumstances

Replication

The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the rods and cones, is the

Retina

A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information is called a(n)

Schema

Providing children with a safe haven in times of stress contributes most directly to ( willingness to explore environment)

Secure attachment

In one experiment, most of the participants who viewed a video of man tossing a basketball remained unaware of a gorilla walking across the screen this a list streets

Selective attention

While reading a novel, Nathan isn't easily distracted by the sounds of the TV or even by his sisters' loud arguments. This best illustrates

Selective attention

Which of the following play the biggest role in our feeling dizzy and unbalance after he threw really roller coaster ride

Semi-circular canal

The detection and encoding of stimulus Energies by the nervous stream is called

Sensation

After listening to your high-volume car streo for 15 minutes, you fail to realize how loudly the music is blasting. This best illustrates

Sensory adaptation

During the month in which there is a large amount pollen in the air, your hay fever severely affects your sense of smell. At the same time your food all seems to taste the same. This best illustrates

Sensory integration, chemical Senses

Julia experience the motion sickness simply from watching a movie scene of a thrilling motorcycle chase. Her experience best illustrates the impact of

Sensory interaction

Which of the following senses is best described as a chemical sense

Smell and taste

The sequence of brain regions from the evolutionarily oldest to newest is

1)brain stem 2)limbus system 3)cerebral cortex

In order to test whether newborns can visually discriminate between various shapes and colors, psychologists have made use of the process of

Abbituation (novel)

Although Valentino was sitting right next to his parents, he smelled a skunk minutes before they did. Apparently, valentino's had a lower _____ for skunk or for than his parents have

Absolute threshold

Adjusting current Schemas to make sense of new information is called

Accommodation

A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon eating neuron is called

Action potential and neural impulse

Three-year-old Zara calls all four-legged animals "kitties." Her tendency to fit all four Leggitt animals into her existing conception of a kitten illustrates the process of

Assimilation

Parents who are demanding and yet it sensitively responsive to their children are said to be

Authoritive

Which perspective is most directly concerned with assessing the relative impact if both nature and nurture in our psychological traits

Behavior genetics

Comptemporary paychology ia best defined as the scientific study of

Behavior and mental processes

A subliminal message is one that is presented

Cannot be notticed

While a student provided directions to a construction worker, to experimenters rudely interrupted I pass in between them carrying a door . The students failure to notice that the construction worker was replaced by a different person during this interruption illustrates

Change blindness

The enduring traditions, ideas, attitudes, and behaviorist shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next define their

Culture

Dr.Santaniello conducts basic research on how children's moral thinking changes as the grow older. It is most likely that Dr.Santaniello is a(n) ______ psychologist

Developmental

Weber's law is relevant to an understanding of

Difference threshold

A synapse is a(n)

Junction between a sending neuron and a receiving neuron

After Kato's serious motorcycle accident, there's detected damage to his cerebellum. Kati is most likely to have difficulty

Keeping his balance

Surgical destruction of brain tissue is called a(n)

Leaion

Biological growth processes that are relatively uninfluenced by experiment in the enable orderly changes in behavior are referred to as

Maturation

Your life would be most immediately threading and if you suffered destruction of the

Medulla

According to erickson, trust is to ______ as identity is to _____

Mistrust to trust

In area at the rear of the frontal loves that control voluntary movements is called the

Motor cortex

Receptor cells for kinesthetics are located in the

Muscle, tenants, and joints

A common error in gene replication is known as

Mutation

In order to describe the behavior of animals in their native habitat, researchers are likely to make use of

Naturalistic observation

A specification of how a researcher measures a variable is known as a(n)

Operational definition

The false consensus effect refers to the tendency of

Over estimate that others agree with us

The study of phenomena such as clairvoyance and telepath is called

Parapsychology

Lisa attempts to retrieve her bottle after her father Hides it under a blanket. This suggests that Lisa has developed a sense of

Performance

The process by which we select, organize, and interpret sensory information in order to recognize meaningful objects and events is called

Perseption

Even though many chairs in the library study area are unoccupied, Wayne chooses to sit next to Annis. Annis is most likely to feel uncomfortable because want has violated her

Personal space

Pat is normally very restless and fidgety, where as Shelley is usually quiet and easy-going. the two children most clearly differ in

Personality

In a study of the effects of alcohol consumption some participants drinking nonalcoholic beverage that I actually smelled and taste like alcohol this nonalcoholic drink was a

Placebo, placebo affect

The capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as Brian

Plasticity

Adoptive parents are most likely to influence the _____ of their adopted children

Political views and religion

According to kohlberg, morality based in the avoidance of punishment and the attainment of concrete rewards a(n) _____ morality

Preconventional