Psychology Prep 3:

Which of the following is NOT associated with marijuana use?

It is related to academic achievement.

After ingesting a small dose of a psychoactive drug, Laqueta experienced vivid visual hallucinations and felt as if she were separated from her own body. Laqueta most likely experienced the effects of

LSD

The experience of vivid geometric images and dreamlike scenes is most likely to be triggered by

LSD

Compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors despite known adverse consequences is an indication of

addiction.

Parallel processing involves the processing of many aspects of a problem

at the same time.

Nembutal, Seconal, and Amytal, drugs prescribed to reduce insomnia, are

barbiturates.

The school of thought in psychology that turned away from the study of consciousness during the first half of the last century was

behaviorism

Compared with evening-loving "night owls," those who are morning types tend to perform ________ in school and tend to be ________ vulnerable to depression.

better; less

A condition in which a person can respond to a visual stimulus without consciously experiencing it is known as

blindsight.

When asked to imagine playing tennis, a hospitalized woman who showed no outward signs of conscious awareness exhibited ________ that was similar to that exhibited by a healthy person.

brain activity

While a man provided directions to a construction worker, two experimenters rudely interrupted by passing between them carrying a door. The man's failure to notice that during this interruption the construction worker was replaced by another person wearing different-colored clothes illustrates

change blindness.

After flying from London to New York, Arthur experienced a restless, sleepless night. His problem was most likely caused by a disruption of his

circadian rhythm.

The pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour cycle is called the

circadian rhythm.

Which of the following psychoactive drugs produces the quickest and most powerful rush of euphoria?

cocaine

The psychological term for mental processes is

cognition.

Synchronized activity across different regions of the brain is a sign of

conscious awareness.

Our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment is called

consciousness.

Nicotine triggers a(n) ________ in anxiety and a(n) ________ in mental alertness.

decrease; increase

Which of the following is NOT a known consequence of sleep deprivation?

decreased blood pressure

Drugs such as alcohol and opiates that calm neural activity and slow body functions are called

depressants.

Marijuana use in America ________ between 2013 and 2016.

doubled.

Three hours after she goes to sleep, Shoshanna's heart rate increases, her breathing becomes more rapid, and her eyes move rapidly under her closed lids. Research suggests that Shoshanna is

dreaming

Preserving and expanding the brain's neural pathways has been suggested as an important function of

dreaming.

The use of ________ increases the chances of using conventional cigarettes.

e-cigarettes

Sensory experiences that occur without an external sensory stimulus are called

hallucinations.

The three main categories of psychoactive drugs are depressants, stimulants, and

hallucinogens.

Young adolescents are especially likely to begin smoking if they

have friends and relatives who smoke.

Compared with nonsmokers, smokers experience

higher rates of depression and higher rates of divorce.

Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere is called

inattentional blindness.

When asked to watch a video and press a key each time a black-shirted player passed a basketball, most research participants remained unaware of an umbrella-toting woman strolling across the video screen. This illustrated

inattentional blindness.

Girls with a history of physical abuse are at ________ risk for substance addiction. Those with a history of eating disorders are at ________ risk for substance addiction.

increased; increased

Psychoactive drugs influence neurotransmission by stimulating, mimicking, or ________ the activity of neurotransmitters.

inhibiting

The best time for athletes to engage in heavy exercise workouts is

late afternoon.

Which of the following is a stimulant drug whose aftereffects may include seizures, depression, and occasional violent outbursts?

methamphetamine

The disorder involving uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness is known as

narcolepsy.

Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant?

nicotine

Morphine and heroin are

opiates.

Those who complain of insomnia typically ________ how long it actually takes them to fall asleep and ________ how long they actually slept.

overestimate; underestimate

Hallucinations similar to those that accompany the near-death experience can be produced by

oxygen deprivation.

The processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously is called

parallel processing.

Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called ________ drugs.

psychoactive

Alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, and a wide variety of other chemical agents that alter perceptions and moods are called

psychoactive drugs.

The cocktail party effect provides an example of

selective attention.

Which of the following is best for solving new problems?

sequential processing

Consciously focusing on one aspect of a problem at a time is called

sequential processing.

A periodic, natural loss of consciousness that involves distinct stages is known as

sleep

The disorder involving uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness is known as

sleep apnea

Annibel, who has been asleep for several hours, suddenly gets up out of bed, goes to the kitchen, and takes a coke out of the refrigerator. Fortunately, her Mom is awake and guides her back to bed. Annibel is exhibiting which sleep disorder?

sleepwalking

Daydreaming, drowsiness, and dreaming are all examples of

states of consciousness.

Sleep apnea is a disorder involving

temporary cessations of breathing during sleep.

The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called

the cocktail party effect.

After suffering a trauma, people commonly report an increase in

threatening dreams.

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior is called

withdrawl

Sequences of images notable for being vivid, emotional, and often bizarre are most likely to be associated with

REM Sleep

Fast and jerky movements of the eyes are especially likely to be associated with

REM Sleep.

Which of the following best describes why psychology evolved into direct observations of behavior?

Researchers found it difficult to scientifically study consciousness.

The major active ingredient in marijuana is

THC

Kevin needs to remember what he learned in today's classes. His memory of the material is most likely to be facilitated by

a full night of sleep.

Narcolepsy is a disorder in which a person

experiences uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness.

Young teens are most likely to start smoking in order to

gain social acceptance.