Psychology Quiz 2

In Pavlov's experiments on classical conditioning, prior to associating the sound of the bell with the food, the dog's salivation in response to the food was the_________________________ A. negative reinforcement B. positive reinforcement C. unconditioned response D. conditioned response

Unconditioned responce

Kevin decided to go to bed and has his eyes closed. He feels relaxed as well, but has not fallen asleep yet. If researchers measured Kevin's brain activity at this moment they would most likely find ______________. A. delta waves B. alpha waves C. sleep spindles D. rapid eye movements

alpha waves

What is the best way to explain the reinforcement component of observational learning when talking about it with your classmate? A. judging whether to repeat a behavior depending on the consequences of the behavior B. encoding information and keeping it in memory so that it can be retrieved later C. imitating a model's actions D. attending to what a model is saying or doing

judging whether to repeat a behavior depending on the consequences of the behavior

Sam struggles with insomnia, and has for years. Her doctor prescribed her medication to help her sleep and and after several weeks of taking the drug, she noticed that she was gaining weight; 10 pounds to be exact. What did her doctor prescribe to her? A. Valium B. Tylenol C. Ambien D. Prosom

Ambien

Night terrors differ from nightmares in that night terrors_______________ A. occur during slow-wave stages 3 and 4 sleep B. are frightening dreams very similar to nightmares C. peak at 3 to 4 years of age D. take place during REM sleep

Occur during slow-wave stages 3 and 4 sleep

As you walk barefoot along the beach, your nose conveys to your brain the smell of the ocean, your skin sends information about the feel of the sun and the breeze, and you hear the sound of waves crashing. This process of detecting stimuli in the environment is called______________ A. sensation B. selective attention C. sensory adaptation D. cognition

Sensation

When Alex leaped into the lake, she thought that the water was freezing. Although the temperature of the lake remained constant, she no longer complained after spending a few minutes in the lake. The change in her reaction to the temperature of the lake is an example of_____________ A. sensory deprivation B. a perceptual set C. sensory adaptation D. top-down processing

Sensory Adaptation

Ryan walks every morning with his dog Milo. His neighbor, Ben, who is walking behind him with his dog Buddy, only has a 50 percent chance of calling out to him when he is 15 feet away from him. Ryan's ________ for detecting his neighbor's call is at a distance of 15 feet. A. difference threshold B. amplitude C. absolute threshold D. frequency

absolute threshold

Which of the following is NOT associated with operant conditioning? A. positive reinforcement B. negative punishment C. fixed-interval schedule D. conditioned response

conditioned responce

As Chad cleans his house preparing for his guests that evening, he's thinking more about the meal he will prepare than the house cleaning. Which of the following applies to Chad? A. executive function B. daydreaming C. selective abstraction D. unconsciousness

daydreaming

The definition of Signal Detection Theory is __________________ A. where the vertical line looks longer than the horizontal line even though they are the same length B. when two lines are the same length but have the illusion of being different lengths C. decision making based on uncertainty D. when objects near each other are grouped together

decision making bases on uncertainty

Another term for sleep walking is somniloquy. A. TrueB. False

false

Cocaine is the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant Cannabis sativa, which originated in Central Asia. A. TrueB. False

false

Cognivitive psychologists are interested in how people organize their perceptions according to patterns. A. TrueB. False

false

Cones detect light while rods detect color. A. TrueB. False

false

In stage 2 sleep, people begin dreaming. TrueFalse

false

Skinner valued introspection. TrueFalse

false

The Cocktail Party effect is when a person has too much alcohol and loses all sensation and perception. A. TrueB. False

false

The Law of Closure is a binocular cue A. TrueB. False

false

Transduction is when the brain processes and organizes sensations to give it all meaning. A. TrueB. False

false

Beth has a crush on the guy who works at her local Starbucks and frequently gets coffee so she can talk with him. She never is sure when he is working but she recalls that he is usually there on Sunday of each week so she decides to go to Starbucks on Sundays. This is an example of a ________ schedule in operant conditioning. A. variable-ratio B. fixed-interval C. variable-interval D. fixed-ratio

fixed-interval

Colton, who is a toddler, is scared of the physician who gave him a shot which made him cry. Now, whenever Colton sees a person in a lab coat, he cries. Colton's behavior is best explained as____________________. A. spontaneous recovery in classical conditioning B. extinction in classical conditioning C. generalization in classical conditioning D. discrimination in operant conditioning

generalization in classical conditioned

Frank shows his staff a video on the proper way to install certain parts while building an airplane. His staff are required to watch the video and remember all of the steps required to install these certain parts. What is Frank utilizing? A. operant conditioning B. classical conditioning C. observational learning D. latent learning

observational learning

You are hiking through a forest and you notice that the trees in the distant look less distinct than the trees nearer to you as you hike. This example illustrates a monocular cue known as_________________. A. linear perspective B. relative size C. texture gradient D. binocular disparity

texture gradient

Jet lag may be best explained by______________ A. the elevation of serotonin in the prefrontal cortex B. dramatic changes in environmental stimuli C. dietary changes D. the effect of time shifts on circadian rhythms

the effect of time shifts on circadian rhythms

Josie turns off the lights in her dining room. Even though the lights are out, she can still get to the dining room. Knowing how to get to the dining room, since she knows the floor plan of her apartment, is an example of ____________________. A. top-down processing B. bottom-up processing C. sensory adaptation D. backward processing

top-down processing

Daily circadian rhythms involve the sleep/wake cycle, body temperature, blood pressure, and blood-sugar level. A. TrueB. False

true

Ecstasy kills axons that are connected to the serotonin thus permanent depression results. TrueFalse

true

Latent learning is related to cognitive mapping as evident in research conducted with rats, mazes, and food. A. TrueB. False

true

Latent learning is unreinforced learning that is not immediately reflected in behavior. A. TrueB. False

true

Science still does not truly understand the reason why we need sleep. A. TrueB. False

true

The latent content of a dream is the hidden content and its true meaning. A. TrueB. False

true