Psychology - Smartbook 1

_________ is the experience that represents the inner, mental life.

Consciousness

___________ psychology is concerned with how people become who they are, throughout the lifespan

Developmental

True or false: Humanistic psychologists theorize that people are driven by unconscious impulses and external rewards.

False

______ was the founder of the psychodynamic approach.

Freud

______ is a field of psychology that uses a multidimensional approach that emphasizes psychological factors, lifestyle, and the nature of the healthcare system.

Health psychology

Which of the following describes the nature of consciousness?

It is a human experience & It constitutes the mental life of humans.

______ is an evolutionary process that favors organisms' traits or characteristics, which are best adapted to reproduce and survive.

Natural selection

______ is the scientific study of the structure, function, development, genetics, and biochemistry of the nervous system.

Neuroscience

______ psychology examines the traits that differentiate you from somebody else.

Personality

___________ is the rational investigation of the underlying principles of being and knowledge.

Philosophy

True or false: Researchers who study the psychology of women and genders consider the psychological, social, and cultural influences on women's development and behavior.

True

Which of the following psychologists was a major contributor to the functionalist movement?

William James

Critical thinking is a(n) ______ process that involves engaging with ideas and NOT settling for simple answers.

active

A cognitive psychologist is likely to study

attention and information processing.

Formally defined psychology is the scientific study of human _______ and mental processes

behavior

The ________ approach focuses on an organism's observable behavior as opposed to thoughts or feelings.

behavioral

Neuroscience is a(n) ______ approach to psychology.

biological

Developmental psychologists concentrate on the ____________ and ____________ factors that contribute to human development.

biological environmental

Which of the following categories are considered perspectives or approaches to psychology?

biological, psychodynamic, and behavioral

Researchers in cognitive psychology and sensation and perception are sometimes referred to as ___________ psychologists.

biological; environmental

Practitioners of psychology spend most of their time in __________ practice, seeing clients and offering them guidance as they work through problems

clinical

Personal strength and ______ are critical attributes of people who forgive those who have committed treacherous acts toward them.

cognitive skills

Which of the following are attributes of people who forgive those who have committed grave acts against them?

cognitive skills & personal strength

Sigmund Freud theorized that.......

early relationships with parents shaped an individual's personality.

The behavioral approach.....

emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants.

Critical thinking is the practice of evaluating ______.

evidence.

What is a psychological perspective that uses concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors?

evolutionary approach

William James was....

founder of functionalism

Ancient myths attributed most important events to the pleasure or displeasure of the _________.

gods

____________ psychology is a field of psychology that uses a multidimensional approach to wellness that emphasizes psychological factors, lifestyle, and the nature of the healthcare system.

health

Thinking critically means asking ourselves ______ we know something.

how

Which psychological perspective emphasizes a person's positive qualities, capability for positive growth, and the freedom to choose any destiny?

humanistic approach

According to evolutionary psychologists, evolution influences everything EXCEPT.......

inherited behaviors.

One area of specialization in psychology is Blank______, which is addressed from behavioral and cognitive perspectives, and is a complex process by which behavior changes in order to adapt to changing circumstances.

learning

________ is the intricate process by which behavior changes to adapt to the different circumstances.

learning

Which of the following are of interest to psychologists in the discipline of social psychology?

measures of prejudice & common threads of humanity

A person spent a late night out at the movies with friends. The person wakes up the next morning and feels achy and sore to the point that the person cannot concentrate. This is an example of ___________ - body connectedness.

mind

A person has just recovered from three days of a miserable cold. Now, problems that seemed insurmountable in the last few days appear to be manageable. This illustrates

mind-body connectedness.

Health psychologists believe that the ______ can work to influence the ______ by providing motivation to engage in healthy behaviors.

mind; body

Darwin's principle of ___________ __________ is an evolutionary process in which organisms best adapted to their surroundings will survive and produce offspring.

natural selection

Biological processes, such as the role the brain has in behavior, are the focus of the field of behavioral ___________.

neuroscience

A social psychologist deals with

people's interactions with one another, relationships, and attitudes

Which field of psychology studies the relatively enduring qualities of individuals?

personality psychology

In terms of careers in psychology, individuals who are primarily engaged in helping others are often called ___________ of psychology.

practitioner

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes is the definition of....

psychology

A ______ psychologist would be interested in how people interact with one another.

social

Human response to group think and alignment of values is founded in _______ psychology.

social

The _________ approach examines the ways in which social and cultural environments influence behavior.

sociocultural

Which psychological perspective argues that understanding a person's behavior requires knowing about the environment in which the behavior occurs?

sociocultural approach

The psychology of women emphasizes the importance of which of the following?

the social and cultural influences on women's development & the psychological influences on women's behavior

True or false: Behavioral neuroscience is a field of psychology that focuses on brain and biological processes

true

true/False Health psychologists view health behavior as a subset of behaviors that are relevant to physical health.

true