Psychology Test 3

At about what age does a baby learn object permanence?

8 months

What are the two factors in the two-factor theory of emotion?

Be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal

Which theory of emotion says that physiological reactions and subject experiences of emotions happen at the same time?

Cannon Bard theory

Sonia is 8 years old. She should be at the _______ stage in cognitive development, and the ________ stage in moral reasoning.

Concrete Operational, Preconventional

In class, we saw a number of pictures of young children who were bad at playing "hide-and-seek." This was given as an example of

Egocentricism

Which of the following suggests that you would not experience intense anger unless you were first aware of your racing heart or other symptoms of physiological arousal?

James-Lange theory

Need: SLEEP Drive: ________ Incentive: _______ Behavior: ________

Tiredness Bed, pillow etc. Sleep

In a video shown in class, a young boy thinks that when a row of candy is spread out, that row has more candy than another row that is not spread out. This child is most clearly demonstrating

a lack of mastery of conservation

After Nadia learned that penguins can't fly, she had to modify her existing schema of birds. This best illustrates the process of

accommodation

After moving to a new apartment, you find the street noise irritatingly loud, but after awhile it no longer bothers you. This reaction illustrates the

adaptation level phenomenon

Jasmine is motivated to engage in risky activities simply for the sake of the thrill they give her. Her motivation is best explained by

arousal theory

Elena has never seen a ferret. When she first encounters ferrets at the pet store, she thinks they are cats. Elena has engaged in

assimilation

A 10 year old is in which stage?

concrete operational

A child in this stage would understand that liquid poured from a tall glass into a short wide glass still stays the same amount. What is this concept called?

conservation

After working all afternoon cleaning up the attic, Mr. Hernandez is very thirsty and drinks a big glass of orange juice. His motivation to drink in order to reduce his feeling of thirst can best be explained by

drive-reduction theory

Under which of the following conditions do people tend to eat the least amount of food?

eating alone

Which of the following will tend make people eat more food?

eating in front of the T.V.

Jane is four years old. While she is on the phone with her grandmother, Jane tells her, "Grandma, see the new hat I'm wearing," without realizing that her grandmother cannot see her hat over the phone. In this example, Jane is exhibiting:

egocentricism

The most universally understood way of expressing emotion (e.g., understood in the same way in different cultures) is through

facial expression

Need is to ________ as drive is to ________.

food deprivation; hunger

Research on the causes of homosexuality suggests that

genetic influence plays a role in sexual orientation

Mei walks into a friend's kitchen, smells cookies baking, and beings to feel very hungry. The smell of baking cookies is a(n)

incentive

Marissa resents the burden and constraints of caring for her infant daughter and frequently ignores her cries for attention. As a consequence, her daughter is most likely to display signs of

insecure attachment

The view that some human motives are innate and due to genetic programming is a description of

instinct theories

What theory of emotion says that specific physiological reactions cause subjective experience?

james Lange theory of emotion

In a video shown in class, a girl states that Heinz was justified in stealing a drug to save his wife, because the right to life is more important than the right to property. What kind of development is this an example of?

moral development

Four month old Grant plays by lying on the floor and sticking baby toys in his mouth. However, when one of his toys rolls under the couch and out of sight, he continues playing as if the toy never existed. In this example, Grant is exhibiting a lack of

object permanence

What do infants learn in this stage?

object permanence

What major concept do children in this stage learn?

object permanence

Lamont believes that choosing to violate government laws is morally justifiable if it is done to protect the lives of innocent people. Kohlberg would suggest that this illustrates ________ morality.

postconventional

A girl states that Heinz was justified in stealing a drug to save his wife, because the right to life is more important than the right to property. At what stage would this girl be classified?

postconventional moral development

Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) ________ morality.

preconventional

A three year old is in which stage?

preoperational

In the previous question, Jane is most likely in which of Piaget's stages?

preoperational

Dr. Crane was ecstatic when she learned that her research study had been approved for publication. Her feelings of joy quickly dissipated, however, when she heard a colleague recently had three different research articles accepted for publication. Her declining emotional satisfaction is best explained in terms of

relative deprivation

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, our most basic needs are physiological, including the need for food and water; just above these are _______ needs.

safety

Although 3-year-old Marcos happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother's side for brief moments. Marcos most clearly displays signs of

secure attachment

An infant is in which stage in Piaget's theory?

sensorimotor

In the previous question, Grant was most likely in which of Piaget's stages?

sensorimotor

What is the first stage of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

sensorimotor