Psychology Test 4
According to the standard developmental progression of sexual behaviors, which of the following is the least intimate?
Making out
The percentage of American adolescents who stated using alcohol or other drugs prior to having sex has (decreased, increased) ______ in recent years.
increased
The development of secondary sex characteristics in boys is caused by ______.
increased levels of testosterone
Which of the following are aspects of positive sexuality in adolescence?
Practicing safe sex; Understanding that sex is voluntary; Being comfortable with one's own maturing body; Accepting having feelings of sexual arousal
Adolescents with higher levels of testosterone are more likely than their peers to ______.
think about sex; plan to have sex within the next year; masturbate
What is the most important time in the life cycle for the development of sexuality?
Adolescence
Which of the following behaviors is characteristic of those who have intercourse before the age of 16?
Low levels of religious involvement
Rank the locations where sexual activity between teens is likely to take place, from most common at the top to least common at the bottom.
1. The boy's home; 2. The girl's home; 3. A friend's home
About ______% of contemporary high school students have had intercourse with four or more persons.,
10
What percentage of Black boys have had sex for the first time by age 13?
12
In one study, the proportion of European adolescents having first intercourse by age 15 ranged from ______% in Poland to ______% in Greenland.
15; 75
The average age at which American teenagers first have intercourse is ______.
17
What percentage of American adolescents stated they drank or used drugs before the last time they had sex?
20%
Which of the following explains why it is difficult to estimate the prevalence of sexual intercourse among adolescents?
Adolescents are not always honest when reporting their sexual activity.
When do most adolescents first talk about contraception?
After having sex for the first time
Which of the following activities has been linked to early involvement in sex?
Alcohol use
Approximately what percentage of American high school sophomores have had heterosexual vaginal intercourse by the end of the academic year?
35%
According to the national Add Health survey, what percentage of boys reported having a homosexual or bisexual preference, having same-sex attractions, or engaging in same-sex activity during adolescence?
6
Approximately what percentage of American high school seniors have had heterosexual vaginal intercourse?
60%
About ______% of adolescents identify themselves as gay, lesbian, or bisexual.
8
What percentage of 16-year-olds have engaged in noncoital activity with another person?
80%
What percentage of 18-year-olds have engaged in vaginal or oral sex?
80%
What percentage of adults say that teenage sex is always or almost always wrong?
80%
Which of the following is a reason that Black males have a relatively high rate of early sexual activity?
A high proportion live in poor neighborhoods.
What type of parenting style seems to result in adolescents who are less likely to become sexually active at an early age?
Authoritative
Which of the following make adolescents more likely to be sexually active?
Believing that their peers are sexually active; Having older siblings who model sexually advanced behavior
According to studies, which of the following youth would typically have the highest rate of sexual activity?
Brea, who lives in government-subsidized housing
Which of the following behaviors has been linked to early involvement in sex?
Bullying; Aggression; Drug use
Which of the following are the two peak months in the timing of first intercourse?
December; June
Which of the following are typical characteristics of puberty? (Select all that apply.)
Development of breasts; Growth of facial hair; Increased sex drive
Which of the following are examples of cognitive changes related to sexuality that occur during adolescence?
Development of self-consciousness about oneself as a sexual partner; Making conjectures about other individuals' sexual interests; Hypothetical thinking about sexual situations
Which hormone is primarily responsible for the development of breasts?
Estrogens
Which of the following experiences are girls more likely to have than boys?
Experiencing sex for the first time with another person instead of alone; Engaging in sex to enhance an emotional connection; Connecting sex to romance and love
Which of the following behaviors are characteristic of those who have intercourse before the age of 16?
Experimentation with alcohol; Minor delinquency; Experimentation with drugs
True or false: Losing one's virginity outside the context of a romantic relationship has negative psychological consequences.
False. Reason: Even when one's sexual debut is outside the context of a romantic relationship, losing one's virginity does not have negative psychological repercussions.
True or false: The most common time for adolescents to have sex is on the weekend.
False. Reason: The most common time is on the weekday, after school.
True or false: Strong religious commitment is not a factor in sexual abstinence among adolescents.
False. Reason: The most consistent correlate of abstaining from sex until after age 18 is strong religious commitment.
True or false: The average age at which American teenagers have intercourse for the first time is relatively consistent across ethnicities.
False. Reason: There are substantial ethnic differences in age of sexual initiation, especially among males.
Which of the following are autoerotic behaviors? (Select all that apply.)
Fantasies; Masturbation
Which of the following did Blinn-Pike list as most common reason(s) adolescents chose to abstain from sexual intercourse?
Fear of pregnancy and disease
Which of the following are valid possibilities why growing up in a single-parent home affects girls' sexual behavior more than it does boys'?
Girls tend to seek sources of support from outside the family unit.; Two-parent homes exert greater control over girls' sexual behavior than single-parent homes, whereas boys are treated equally in both settings.; Single-parent mothers who date may serve as role models for their daughters.
In which of the following countries did the highest proportion of adolescents report having their first intercourse by age 15?
Greenland
Match the problematic aspects of adolescent sexuality with their definition. Unwanted sex:
Having sex against one's will
Match the problematic aspects of adolescent sexuality with their definition. Precocious sex:
Having sex at too young an age
Match the problematic aspects of adolescent sexuality with their definition. Unsafe sex:
Having sex that can result in pregnancy or an STD
Match the problematic aspects of adolescent sexuality with their definition. Promiscuous sex:
Having sex with too many partners
How is sexual behavior in adolescence different from that in childhood?
It is deliberate instead of incidental.
Which of the following best describes the role of adolescence in sexual development?
It is the most important period in an individual's sexual development.
Anna, Kate, and Catherine all have similarly high levels of androgens. Anna is sexually active. Her best friend, Kate has sexually permissive attitudes. Catherine hangs with a group of peers who are less encouraging of sex. Of the two girls who are virgins, ______ is most likely to engage in sexual intercourse next.
Kate
Which of the following represents the greatest challenge to adolescent boys' sexual development?
Learning how to form close sexual relationships
Which of the following are reasons that Black males have a relatively high rate of early sexual activity? (Select all that apply.)
Many live in poor neighborhoods.; Many grow up in single-parent homes.
Amy, Kate, Susie, and Mary all have similarly high levels of androgens. Amy is sexually active. Her best friends Kate and Susie have sexually permissive attitudes. Mary hangs with a group of peers who are less encouraging of sex. Who is least likely to engage in sexual intercourse?
Mary
Which of the following is a common autoerotic behavior?
Masturbation
Which of the following is likeliest to be an adolescent boy's first sexual experience?
Masturbation
Of the following, the most likely days for adolescents to have sex would be ______.
Monday; Friday
Which of the following reduces the influence of sexually active peers on an adolescent?
Openly discussing sex with one's parents
Which of the following are good predictors of early sexual initiation in adolescents?
Opportunity to have sex; Dating frequently; Sexually active friends; Use of alcohol and drugs; Steady relationship
Socially speaking, which two groups have the most influence on the social context of an adolescent girl's sexual activity?
Parents; Peers
According to the standard developmental progression of sexual behaviors, which of the following is the most intimate?
Sexual intercourse
Which of the following is an androgen found in both sexes but in higher levels among males?
Testosterone
The proportion of adolescents who have had multiple sex partners has (decreased/increased) ______ substantially over the past 25 years.
decreased
Which of the following represents a social influence on engaging in sexual behavior?
The desire to enhance one's status with his or her peers
Which generation of adolescents would be considered the most sexually active?
Today's adolescent teens
True or false: A marked increase in androgen means the adolescent male is more likely to engage in sexual activity.
True. Reason: A younger boy who is more mature biologically is more likely to be sexually active than an older boy whose hormone levels are lower.
True or false: Estrogen is the hormone primarily responsible for the development of breasts.
True. Reason: Androgens increase girls' sex drive, while estrogen is primarily responsible for the development of breasts.
True or false: Researchers have found that genetics may cause adolescents with divorced parents to be more likely to engage in early sex.
True. Reason: Characteristics that are associated with adults' marital instability, like impulsivity and substance abuse, are transmitted genetically from parents to children.
True or false: Dating frequently, combined with drug and alcohol use, is a good predictor of early sexual initiation in adolescents.
True. Reason: Not only are frequent dating and drug and alcohol use good predictors of early sexual initiation, opportunity to have sex is also a good predictor.
True or false: Cognitive changes contribute to the increased importance of sexuality at adolescence.
True. Reason: The increased importance of sexuality at adolescence is not solely a result of puberty; cognitive changes also play a part.
Most adolescents say they first talked about contraception (before/during/after) ______ their first time having intercourse.
after
Amy's parents are warm and involved in her daily life. This will likely result in Amy delaying sexual activity. Amy's parents have a(n) ______ parenting style.
authoritative
Sexual behavior that is experienced alone is (autoerotic/promiscuous) ______.
autoerotic
Sexual behavior that is experienced alone is called ______.
autoerotic
Adolescents who attend supervised after-school programs are less likely to ______.
be sexually active
Overall, adults ______ teenage sex.
disapprove of
Ethnic differences in the age of sexual initiation are far smaller among (females, males) ______ than among (females, males) ______.
females; males
Growing up in a single-parent home affects the sexual behavior of (boys/girls) ______ more than (boys/girls) ______.
girls; boys
An increase in sex hormones in boys affects ______.
growth of facial hair; their sex drive; their height
Adolescents who are unsupervised after school are more likely to ______.
have multiple sexual partners; contract an STD; be sexually active
Rate of sexual activity are (lower/higher) ______ among economically disadvantaged youth.
higher
For parents who disapprove of premarital sex, discussing sex with their daughters does NOT seem to cause a(n) (decrease/increase) ______ in sexual activity.
increase
Sexual activity between teens is most likely to occur in the home of ______.
the boy
Research shows that adolescents who take virginity pledges are ______ likely to use contraception than adolescents who did not take a virginity pledge.
less
Parent-adolescent communication about sexual activity has ______ whether adolescents are sexually active.
little impact on
Androgens are highly influential in increasing the likelihood of (female/male) ______ sexual activity, whereas contextual factors have more influence on increasing the likelihood of sexual activity of an adolescent (female/male) ______.
male; female
Adolescents who either live in single-parent households or whose parents are in the process of divorcing are (less/more) ______ likely to be sexually active earlier than their peers.
more
Early-maturing boys are (less/more) ______ likely than their peers to download pornography due to an increase in androgens.
more
The younger individuals are when they first have sex, the (less, more) ______ likely they are to have unprotected sex.
more
Today's adolescents are (less/more) ______ sexually active than those of previous generations.
more
Males tend to (overstate, understate) ______ their level of sexual activity, whereas females tend to (overstate, understate) ______ it.
overstate; understate
Peers and ______ are the two most highly influential groups of people in the social context of an adolescent girl's sexual activity.
parents
Sex that occurs at too young an age is called ______ sex.
precocious
Juan has just become capable of sexual reproduction, which means he has entered ______.
puberty
The process through which adolescents are exposed to and educated about sexuality is called ______ ______.
sexual socialization
Sexual socialization is the process through which individuals are exposed to and educated about ______.
sexuality
Adolescents who are sexually active earlier than their peers have life satisfaction that is ______ that of other adolescents.
similar to
According to Zimmer-Gembeck, the most consistent correlate of abstaining from sex until after age 18 is ______.
strong religious commitment
A sex hormone secreted by the gonads, found in both sexes but in higher levels among males, is called ______.
testosterone
Of the adolescents who are unsure of their sexual orientation, approximately ______ later identify as heterosexual.
two-thirds
Promising to abstain from sex until marriage is part of taking a(n) ______ pledge.
virginity
One very important component of positive sexuality in adolescence is to understand that sex is ______.
voluntary