Psychology Topic Test 7

Biofeedback advocates say their treatment can help relieve tension headaches. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

t

According to Ernest Hilgard, hypnosis is the result of __________. A. accepted roleplay between hypnotist and subject B. suggestions accepted by the conscious mind C. entrance into a special state of consciousness D. the effects of a "hidden observer" in the unconscious

the effects of a "hidden observer" in the unconscious

What is the typical minimum duration of a meditation session? A. 5 minutes B. 15 minutes C. 35 minutes D. 45 minutes

15 minutes

What disagreement did Sigmund Freud have with both Josef Breuer and Jean Martin Charcot? A. whether hypnosis was a neurological or psychological phenomenon B. whether hypnosis should be conducted with pregnant women C. whether hypnosis had any value as a curative remedy for patients D. whether hypnosis was an effect of a "hidden observer" or the id

A. whether hypnosis was a neurological or psychological phenomenon

The CIA investigated hypnosis as a possible tool for interrogating prisoners. Why did they decide it was unsuitable for that purpose? A. Hypnosis is completely effective, it just takes too long to entrance the subject. B. Hypnosis requires a trusting relationship between the hypnotist and subject. C. Hypnosis breaks the spirit of the subject, making them unable to answer questions. D. Hypnosis can make the subjects talk, but they talk only about their childhoods.

B

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about a person who has become physiologically dependent on a substance? A. Their spiritual functioning will be reduced if they are deprived of that substance. B. Their cognitive functioning will be reduced if they are deprived of that substance. C. Their physical functioning will be reduced if they are deprived of that substance. D. Their social functioning will be reduced if they are deprived of that substance.

C

Drug abuse is best defined as __________. A. the consumption of legal drugs B. the consumption of illegal drugs C. the nonmedical or improper use of a drug that can interfere with a healthy life D. using drugs on an occasional basis until mood is altered

C. the nonmedical or improper use of a drug that can interfere with a healthy life

Which of the following is the most common pharmacological treatment for addiction? A. aspartame B. codeine C. methadone D. euphoriad

C. Methadone. Methadone is a synthetic opioid used for the treatment of addictions and among its effects is the muscle ratio, glucose concentration and the release of antidiuretic hormone. Its use in the detoxification process can be from 1 to 6 months.

The purpose of biofeedback is to help subjects __________. control their internal processes understand how fear holds them back determine whether they are sick manipulate computers without a keyboard

Control their internal processes

Why are drugs like sleeping pills described as the opposite of amphetamines? A. Depressants can induce feelings of euphoria, while stimulants can cause severe pain. B. Depressants can result in death, while stimulants cannot. C. Stimulants slow breathing and heart rate, while depressants increase those functions. D. Stimulants increase breathing and heart rate, while depressants slow these functions.

D

Forms of meditation hail from which traditions? Eastern traditions Western traditions Eastern and Western traditions neither Eastern nor Western traditions

Eastern and Western traditions

All drugs that are capable of producing an altered state are illegal. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

F

Posthypnotic suggestion can create a trigger in a person that causes them to react violently. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

F

Meditation is always more effective than relaxation. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

False

Spanish conquistadors were not concerned with Native American uses of peyote. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

False

The intravenous method of transmitting drugs involves swallowing the drug. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

False. Intravenous includes injecting the drug straight into your blood stream. Ingesting the drug is swallowing it.

Drugs are substances that cause a change in a person's physical, not mental, state. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

False. They affect both.

When Rodney practices transcendental meditation, he tries to keep an empty mind. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

False. Transcendental meditation occurs when a person repeats a mantra in their head to achieve inner peace.

Mindful meditation should focus on the mental image that brings the most happiness. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

False. You should focus on no one particular thought.

Prescription medicine may be safely taken by any person. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

False. those who have had drug addictions in the past may have a reaction or become dependent on the drug again.

Which figure was responsible for the initial use of hypnosis as a medical treatment? A. Milton Erickson B. Franz Mesmer C. James Braid D. Jean Martin Charcot

Franz Mesmer

Which of the following categories of psychotropic drugs is the hardest to build a tolerance toward? A. narcotics B. hallucinogens C. sedatives D. stimulants

Hallucinogens

Which of Franz Mesmer's claims about his mesmerism abilities eventually led to his downfall? A. His cures were 100 percent effective and safe. B. He could mesmerize and magnetize trees. C. His abilities could cure the king's paralysis. D. He could mesmerize an entire crowd of people.

He could mesmerize and magnetize trees.

__________ is a state of consciousness in which attention is focused very narrowly and the subject experiences increased suggestibility.

Hypnosis

Of the following statements, which is not a common myth regarding hypnosis? A. Hypnotized people can relive the past. B. Hypnotized people are less focused on their surroundings. C. Hypnotized people lose control of themselves. D. Hypnotized people can remember the past accurately.

Hypnotized people are less focused on their surroundings

Which of the following methods transmits a drug directly into the bloodstream? A. ingestion B. inhalation C. direct contact D. intravenous

Intravenous

The physician who was inspired by traveling mesmerists and who coined the term hypnosis was ____________.

James Braid

The term hypnosis was coined by ___________.

James Braid

Which of the following people came up with the term "hypnosis"? James Braid Aristotle Franz Mesmer Milton Erickson

James Braid

The French neuroscientist who helped legitimatize the practice of hypnosis was ____________.

Jean Charcot

Which of the following people was one of Sigmund Freud's instructors and believed that hypnosis could cure hysteria? A. James Braid B. Josef Breuer C. Milton Erickson D. Jean Martin Charcot

Jean Martin Charcot

What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?

Keeping foreign molecules out of the brain

Franz Mesmer believed that his ability to heal people was based on his manipulation of which force? A. electricity B. gravity C. magnetism D. inertia

Magnetism

Franz Mesmer's theory of medicine was that illnesses, especially hysteria, were caused by which of the following? unconsciously held beliefs about ill health close contact with unclean animals and germs misalignment of the body's magnetic fluids childhood psychoses, which caused mental illness

Misalignment of the body's magnetic fluids

A person who has an addiction might do all of the following except __________. A. only get the drug from a legitimate doctor B. use the drug as a coping mechanism C. engage in risky behavior while under the influence D. focus mainly on getting and using the drug

Only get the drug from a legitimate doctor

All of the following except __________ releases dopamine naturally. A. exercise B. eating C. sleeping D. sexual activity

Sleeping

Hypnosis is commonly used by athletes to control their performance anxiety. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

T

Hypnotic suggestion has been shown to help patients prep and recover from surgery. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

T

Meditation can be done while standing. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

T

Meditation is often prescribed by psychologists in conjunction with other types of treatment. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

T

Some believe that the effects of hypnosis may not be from hypnosis but from people believing that hypnosis works. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

T

Those seeking professional hypnotherapy should look for professionals holding medical degrees from accredited and trusted institutions. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

T

Alcohol and tobacco are legal drugs, but have some restrictions as to their usage. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

T. You must be 18 to use and purchase tobacco and 21 for alcohol.

One of the advantages of biofeedback is that it can help to control health problems. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

True

Hallucinogens distort an individual's perceptions of reality. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

True. People have "hallucinations"

Even if you have actually taken a placebo, it is possible to suffer from the effects of the drug you believe you have taken. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

True. You can start to believe that you need the drug and that it is working on you.

When in a hypnotic state, a person's brain waves will be most similar to what other state of consciousness? A. sleeping state B. waking state C. dozing state D. meditative state

Waking state

People who are hypnotized _________.

Won't do something they don't want to do.

A state of consciousness in which there is a change in a person's awareness level or thought process is generally called a(n) __________.

altered state

Which event led to the decline of Franz Mesmer's brand of hypnosis? A. the advent of brain scanning technology B. a scientifically controlled experiment C. his own admission of fraudulent results D. the publication of an expose by an assistant

b. a scientifically controlled experiment

A technique in which people use machines to learn how to control their bodies is known as __________.

biofeedback

When a person who is meditating tries to focus on a single image, they are practicing which type of meditation?

concentrative

Ancient oracles often entered so-called "ecstatic states" when they received visions. The oracles claimed that these ecstatic states were caused by __________.

contact with spirits and gods

Which of the following statements about the technique of hypnotic regression is not true? Recovered memories are not reliable. Courts often depend upon recovered memories. Memories may be planted by the hypnotist. The process may create stress for the subject.

courts often depend upon recovered memories

The brain rewards certain activity by releasing the neurotransmitter __________.

dopamine

The proper order of the cycle of addiction is __________.

drug use, tolerance, dependence, addiction, withdrawal.

Everyone can be hypnotized. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

f

A state of joyful activity in which the subject performs an action effortlessly and skillfully is known as a(n) __________.

flow state

Biofeedback promotes _______________ in order to treat health conditions.

focusing the mind

Which of the following is an effect of entering the state of hypnotism? A. muscular spasms B. increased resilience C. greatly increased focus D. irresistible compulsions

greatly increased focus

All of the following are examples of hypnotism methods except __________. A. hypnotic regression B. self-hypnosis C. hypnosis certification D. posthypnotic suggestion

hypnosis certification

Which of the following is one of the reported benefits of effective meditation? A. increased functional strength B. increased positive emotions C. increased respiratory rate D. increased resting heart rate

increased positive emotions

Biofeedback depends on one's ability to __________.

learn from feedback

It is typical for people in hypnotic trances to temporarily __________.

lose track of their immediate surroundings

Being able to enter a flow state while doing an activity is usually the result of __________.

mastery of the activity being done

A ritualistic practice of clearing the mind in order to achieve relaxation and inner peace is known as ___________.

medetation

Peyote contains a psychotropic drug called __________.

mescaline

Drugs that are taken to relieve pain are called __________.

narcotics

All of the following are methods that drugs can be administered except __________. A. ingestion B. inhalation C. peer pressure D. direct contact

peer pressure

What is the term used to describe the body's addiction to drugs?

physiological dependence

When a person comes to believe that they need a drug, it can be said that the individual is experiencing __________.

psychological dependence

Hypnotic analgesia is generally used to achieve which of the following outcomes? A. elimination of bad habits B. reduction in discomfort C. suggestion of new behaviors D. recollection of hidden memories

reduction of discomfort

Drugs that slow down the nervous system are known as ___________.

sedatives

Meditation is most similar to which of the following? A. sleeping B. studying C. running D. dozing

studying

Which of the following is not a factor in determining the possible effects of a drug? the drug's method of transmission the psychology of the user the legality of the particular drug the amount of the drug being taken

the legality of the particular drug

The physical and cognitive suffering that may cause a drug user to relapse after trying to quit is called __________.

withdrawal