Pt Assess ch 7
What percentage of normal circulating white blood cells are immature and nonsegmented?
0-5%
What percentage of circulating white blood cells is made up of neutrophils?
40-75%
Elevation of troponin is associated with what disorder?
acute myocardial infarction
Which of the following terms describes the immature neutrophil?
band
What is believed to cause neutropenia in patients with viral infection?
increased margination of neutrophils
What substance is a vital constituent of the heme portion of hemoglobin?
iron
The most common type of anemia worldwide is the result of:
iron deficiency
What can be said about the nucleus of the mature circulating red blood cell?
it is absent
Which of the following terms describes an abnormal increase in the proportion of circulating immature neutrophils?
left shift
Which of the following terms is used for white blood cells?
leukocytes
Which of the following terms describes an overall abnormal decrease in white blood cell count?
leukopenia
Which of the following types of white blood cells exists as two types—the B cell and the T cell?
lymphocyte
Which of the following white blood cells is not a granulocyte?
lymphocytes
Which of the following types of leukocytosis is typically seen in patients with viral infection?
lymphocytosis
Which of the following terms describes red blood cells that are larger than normal?
macrocytic
Which of the following types of white blood cells is physically the largest?
monocyte
Which of the following types of white blood cells is responsible for phagocytosis?
monocyte
Which of the following terms describes the change in white blood cell count that often occurs in patients with tuberculosis?
monocytosis
During evaluation of the enzymes, what disorder is associated with elevation of the CK-MB on electrophoresis?
myocardial infarction
What type of white blood cell typically is most prevalent in the circulating blood?
neutrophil
Which of the following types of white blood cells fights bacterial infection?
neutrophil
Which of the following terms is used to describe the microorganisms present in the saliva of a healthy person?
normal flora
Which of the following is a formed element found in circulating blood?
platelets
Which of the following terms describes an increase in white blood cell count associated with a shift of cells from the marginated pool to the circulating pool?
pseudoneutrophilia
Hypoalbuminemia may result in what pulmonary problem?
pulmonary edema
In which of the following conditions would secondary polycythemia not be expected?
pulmonary embolism
Elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels in the blood suggests what type of problem?
renal failure
Heavy smokers are prone to what change in the red blood cell count?
secondary polycythemia
What is the normal lifespan of the neutrophil?
10 days
Which of the following symptoms is commonly seen with hyponatremia?
confusion
What disease is associated with elevations in sodium and chloride in sweat?
cystic fibrosis
In which of the following conditions would spurious polycythemia most likely be seen?
dehydration
Which of the following disorders is associated with hyperglycemia?
diabetes
Which of the following types of white blood cells is useful against allergic reactions and defends against parasitic infestations?
eosinophil
Which of the following terms is used for red blood cells?
erythrocytes
A patient with a platelet count of about 80,000/mm3 is likely to have what condition?
excessive bleeding
Which of the following organisms is responsible for most cases of bacterial pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which of the following terms describes an abnormal decrease in red blood cell count?
anemia
What cells proliferate in patients with leukemia?
blasts
What problem is associated with an abnormal international normalized ratio (INR) value?
bleeding
What substance is responsible for carrying red blood cell oxygen on to the tissues
hemoglobin
The highest levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are seen in acute:
hepatitis
Which of the following terms describes anemia due to low hemoglobin levels?
hypochromic
What electrolyte abnormality is associated with irregular pulse, muscle weakness, and abdominal distention?
hypokalemia
Which of the following terms is used to describe an abnormally low potassium level?
hypokalemia
Which of the following is considered the major cation of the extracellular fluid?
sodium
Which of the following terms is used for blood platelets?
thrombocytes
The purpose of performing the sensitivity test on sputum samples is to:
to determine the best antibiotic to prescribe
What is the typical lifespan of a red blood cell?
120 days
What is the normal percentage of lymphocytes in circulating white blood cells?
20-45%