PTEC-2033 Test Spring 2021

In Hebert W. Heinrich study during the 1920's concerning industrial accident, he concluded that [__] percent of industrial accidents were caused by unsafe conditions

10

How many key elements does the Process Safety Management standard requires employer to incorporate in their formal Process Safety Management program?

14

Affected workers must be notified of the results of monitoring within ________________ working day(s)after their company receives the results.

15

The Cost of Accidents at the Workplace in the US is [a] annually.

150 billion

According to the Mental health professional, what is the estimate ratio of workers who suffer from clinical depression? (numerical value)

1:20

Refresher training must be provided at least every [__] years, or more often if necessary, to each employee involved in operating a process.

3

[__] of all incidents in the workplace results from slips, trips, and falls. (a value is requires)

33%

According to the National Safety Council, approximately how many work hour are lost annually as a result of accidents?

35 Million

Benzene has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

3x lighter than air

According to the National Safety Council, what is the death rate from work-related injuries? _______. How does the rate compare to the rate 50 Years ago?______.

4 per 100,000 & less than a third

At least every [___] years after the completion of the initial process hazard analysis, the process hazard analysis must be updated and revalidated.

5

What is the Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) limit for benzene? {do not use abbreviation}

500 parts per million

In a typical year, approximately ____ persons are injured in industrial work places.

7,128,000

In Hebert W. Heinrich study during the 1920's concerning industrial accident, he concluded that [__] percent of industrial accidents were caused by unsafe act committed by fellow workers.

88

Benzene may be found in: d - a & c c - produced water a, b & c b - diesel products a - crude oil

AB&C

Ergonomic traps, overload, and/or a decision to err lead to human error in which of the following theories?

Accident/incident theory

The two chemical most often responsible for chemical burns are [a] and [b]

Alkalies and Acids

The safety and health team of a large company may include:

All of specialties listed

The most common source(s) of injuries in the workplace are the result of:

All of the above

Which of the following is a milestone in the development of the safety movement in the United States?

All of the events stated were milestones

Which of the following is one of the three most significant events in the history of the safety and health movement?

All were significant events

What material was once considered a "miracle" fiber?

Asbestos

The part of the body that is most frequently injured, according to the NSC, is which of the following?

Back

_____and ______are the two areas of the body most often injured.

Back Legs and fingers

If your job will include working in an area where benzene is present, your company must train you _______.

Before you begin work and yearly after that

Which of the following health problems associated with the workplace contributed to the development of the safety and health movement?

Both Lung disease and mercury poisoning

Benzene is a carcinogen, which means it can cause _________.

Cancer

[__] is the most widely known repetitive stain injury. (do not use abbreviations or acronyms)

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Lost workdays, permanent partial disabilities, and temporary total disabilities refers to which type of accident?

Class 1

Requiring treatment by a physician outside the company's facility refers to which type of accident?

Class 2

Locally provided first aid, property damage of less than $100, or the loss of fewer than eight hours of work time refers to which type of accident?

Class 3

A fire fueled by common household trash is a:

Class A fire

A fire fueled by petroleum product is a:

Class B fire

An electrical fire is a:

Class C fire

A fire fuel by metals is a:

Class D fire

The OSHA PSM standard is required by which of the following?

Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) and the Environmental Protection Agency Management Plan (RMP)

The [_____] was an Employer bias common-law rule based on the theory that people who accept a job assume the risks that go with it.

Concept of Assumption of Risk

To calculate uninsured costs, accidents are divided into four classes; class 1 accidents consist of

Consist of all events listed

The [____] is a common law that stated if a person's own negligence contributes to causing an accident in which that person is injured, the injured party can't collect any damages (money) from another party who allegedly caused the accident.

Doctrine of Contributory Negligence

Under the PSM standard, which of the following must be developed for handling releases of hazardous chemicals in the workplace?

Emergency Action Plan

Early safety programs that were based on the "Three E's of Safety" which represents ____,____,____ and .

Engineering Education Enforcement

After Elimination and Substitution _____,_____ ,_____ and are the three strategies that companies employ to reduce accident in the workplace. -must be listed in the order in which they are employed-

Engineering Controls Administrative Controls Personal Protective Equipment

What factors are the attributes of "Overload?" _____, ______, and ________-include "factors" in your responses-

Environmental factors Internal factors Situational factors

Accident investigations are performed to determine who is at fault.

False

Because many companies have implemented drug free workplace policies, generally, drug and alcohol abuse contribute to a very small percentage of on-the-job accidents.

False

Benzene emits an offensive, sour smell.

False

Deaths on the job have increased considerably over the years.

False

Equipment deficiencies outside the acceptable limits defined by the process safety information must be corrected or tagged with "caution" signs.

False

Failure maximization is one of the widely used accident prevention techniques.

False

It is safe to lift light weight objects using your back.

False

It is safe to wear metal hard hat in any working environment. True

False

Lost time is not important when assessing the effect of accidents on industry.

False

Operating procedures provide general instructions or details on what steps are to be taken or followed in carrying out the stated procedures.

False

Organized labor did not play a crucial role in the development of the safety movement.

False

The Manufacturer must meet minimum hazard communication requirements, set up regulated benzene areas, and post warning signs.

False

The National Safety Council is a broad-based safety organization that has members only from Process industry.

False

The National Safety Council is a broad-based safety organization that has members only from industry.

False

The concern for safety and health began during the Industrial Revolution.

False

The employer may certify in Orally that experienced employees have the required knowledge, skills, and abilities to safely carry out the duties and responsibilities specified in the operating procedures.

False

The human factors theory of accident causation attributes accidents to a chain of events caused by mechanical failure and human error.

False

The leading cause of accidental deaths in the US is Heart attacks.

False

The most common route of benzene exposure is "Absorption."

False

The odor of benzene is a reliable indicator of its presence.

False

There is no correlation between obesity and injuries.

False

There is no link between safety and productivity.

False

Why accidents do happen is of little concern for safety and health decision makers.

False

You are not required to report all onsite incidents to your employer.

False

The [____] was an Employer bias common-law rule that held; the employer is not liable to an employee for injuries resulting from the negligence of a fellow employee.

Fellow Servant Rule

Inhalation of benzene can cause all of the following EXCEPT:

Gingivitis

An investigation of industrial accidents reveal that most are caused by [a]

Human Error

Worldwide, _____and ______are the two primary causes of industrial accidents.

Human error Equipment failure

[_____ _____] involve a worker being struck by or against an object.

Impact accidents

An [_____] is an unplanned, undesired event that hinders completion of a task and may cause injury, illness, or property damage or some combination of all three in varying degrees from minor to catastrophic.

Incident

The first recording of an established safety program occurred In what place ______and year ______? What incident precipitated the program?_______

Joliet Illinois 1892 a flywheel explode

When conducting a PSM compliance audit, which of the following elements should receive special consideration?

Mechanical integrity

According to the text PSM mechanical integrity requirements apply to all of the following equipment, EXCEPT:

Mechanical startup systems

[___] provide on-site for potentially toxic substance so that companies know what they are handling and what precautions to take. In addition, this organization is required to annually publish a comprehensive list of all known toxic substances. -do not use abbreviation-

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

[____ _____ ____] was founded in 1913 and is the oldest organization, devoted to safety and health practices in all venues.

National Safety Council

[____] was founded in 1913 and is the oldest organization, devoted to safety and health practices in all venues.

National Safety Council

Per the textbook,_____ ,______ , and ______, are three common unsafe acts.

Not following safe work practices Inappropriate use of equipment Not wearing personal protective equipment

The [_____] is a federal agency of the United States in the Department Labor formed in 1970 that regulates workplace safety and health. (Acronyms and Abbreviations not acceptable)

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

[_____] requires employees to train employees to know the physical and health hazards of chemicals in their workplace. (DO NOT USE ABBREVIATIONS OR ACRONYMS)

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Which array below list the three leading causes of work related accidents.

Over Exertion, Impact accidents, and falls

The most common cause of work injuries is which of the following?

Overexertion

[___] is the result of employees working beyond their physical limits.

Overexertion

Three factors that lead to human error in the human factors theory are which of the following?

Overload, inappropriate response, and inappropriate activities

What system/procedure should be employed by an individual when attempting to extinguish a fire?

PASS

The systems theory views a situation in which an accident might occur as a system comprised of components in which of the following?

Person, machine, and environment

When engineering and administrative controls are not feasible or effective in reducing job related hazards [_____] is required. (DO NOT USE ABBREVIATIONS OR ACRONYMS)

Personal Protective Equipment

A [____] is an organized and systematic effort to identify and analyze the significance of potential hazards associated with the processing or handling of highly hazardous chemicals.

Process Hazard Analysis

Describe an engineering control that would reduce benzene exposure on a job site. (multiple answers)

Remote or automated operation Personal enclosure Mechanical ventilation Leak detection and repair systems

Which of the following is not an administrative control for benzene exposure?

Rotating schedules to limit exposure

5 part per million (ppm) express what exposure limit for Benzene? {do not use abbreviation}

Short Term Exposure Limit

Give a synopsis of the "Bhopal disaster at Union Carbide."

The Bhopal disaster in India was caused by gas leakage from the Union Carbide facility. Over 500,000 people were exposed to the gas resulting in over 30,000 injuries and over 2,000 deaths. The incident was said to have been caused by maintenance gone wrong. It is considered to be one of the worst industrial tragedies in history.

Give a synopsis of the "Hawk's Nest" tragedy.

The Hawk's Nest tragedy happened in West Virginia and affected many workers who were drilling a tunnel through a mountain. These workers were dying within a year after working on the tunnel due to exposure to silica. Hundreds of workers were affected and perished from silicosis caused by the inhalation of the dust from the agitated silica rock.

__________ sets permissible exposure limits for certain chemicals.

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

With regards to hazardous chemicals, the employee should know all of the following except:

The manufacturer of the chemical

A permit must be issued for hot work operations conducted on or near a covered process. The permit must:

The permit must contain each of the items listed

Give a synopsis of the "Triangle Shirtwaist Factory" fire.

This tragedy also occurred in the United States at a garment factory in New York. This was a factory fire in which 145 people, mostly young girls, were killed. After the fire, it was found that many of the exits were locked and even chained and most, if not all, of the fire fighting equipment was faulty. It became a public outrage and addressed the neglect of safety and incident prevention in the workplace.

1 part per million (ppm) express what exposure limit for Benzene? {do not use abbreviation}

Time Weight Average

Historically, what has be the prevailing view about accident prevention?

Too costly

The goal of [____] is to involve all of an organization's personnel from top to bottom at all times in continually improving the safety and health of every aspect of the work environment so as to encourage peak performance of people and processes. (Acronyms and Abbreviations not acceptable)

Total Quality Management

Benzene is a carcinogen, which means it can cause "Heart Attacks."

True

Benzene is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell.

True

Benzene is extremely flammable.

True

If you smell benzene while you are working with it, it is possible that you are over the short-term exposure limit (STEL).

True

It is very important that your Personal Protective Equipment fit you properly.

True

Pumping fuel can expose you benzene?

True

The domino theory of accident causation is not used to predict and prevent accidents.

True

The odor of benzene is not a reliable indicator of its presence.

True

The safety and health movement today is characterized by professionalization and integration.

True

There is evidence of occupational safety and health efforts as far back as the time of the Egyptian pharaohs.

True

Tragedies have changed the face of the safety movement at different times in the United States.

True

A(n) [_____] is an intentional or unintentional violation of an established safe work practice, procedure or method.

Unsafe act

The findings of Herbert W. Heinrich's 1920s study of the causes of industrial accidents are which of the following?

Unsafe acts committed by fellow workers

The two primary factors that causes incidents in the workplace are______ and ______.

Unsafe conditions unsafe acts

________________ must meet minimum hazard communication requirements, set up regulated benzene areas, and post warning signs.

Your company

Contact with low to moderate levels of benzene for a short time can cause...?

a - Headaches, vomiting, disorientation

The PSM standard requires the investigation of each incident that resulted in workplace [____].

a catastrophic release of a highly hazardous chemical

Prior to the introduction of a highly hazardous chemical to a process, the pre-startup safety review must confirm which of the following?

a, b, & c

Which of the following is one of the three most significant events in the history of the safety and health movement?

a, b, & c

An [______] is an undesirable or unfortunate happening that occurs unintentionally and usually results in harm, injury, damage, or loss.

accident

The employer must certify [___](reporting frequency) that these operating procedures are current and accurate to guard against outdated or inaccurate operating procedures.

annually

Some of the acute effects of benzene exposure include: b & c a - cancer, diseases of the blood, and leukemia c - dizziness, vertigo, and loss of consciousness a, b, & c b - drowsiness and headaches

b & c

The most common route of benzene exposure is _________.

c - Inhalation

Safe work practices under the PSM program must apply to which of the following?

employees and contractors

Companies employ [_____] training and procedures to help prevent Musculoskeletal Disorder.

ergonomics

It is safe to lift light weight objects using your back.

false

All Employees must learn to recognize and prevent [_____] in the workplace.

hazards

The Clean Air Acts Amendment (CAAA) requires that the Process Safety Management standard include a list of ______.

highly hazardous chemicals

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration's "Process Safety Management" standard emphasizes the management of hazards associated with [_____].

highly hazardous chemicals

Which of the following considerations must be included in written PSM procedures prior to any change?

impact of the change on employee safety and health

The PSM standard generally does not apply to any of the following services, EXCEPT:

maintenance on covered processes

A [____] is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage - but had the potential to do so.

near miss

The integrated approach involves practitioners working together to ____,____ ,____ and ____safety and health problems.

predict control identify correct

A positive safety attitude is recognizable by the behavior of the employee. To have a positive safety attitude means _____ hazards before they occur and taking steps to _____those hazards.

recognizing eliminate

Which of the following is a tangible benefit of an effective Process Safety Management program?

reduced penalties imposed by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Benzene's heavier-than-air vapors:

represent a fire hazard because they can travel along the ground to an ignition source.

From the period 1918 through the 1950s, what were the two critical conclusion reached by industry in the United States? ______&______

there is a definite connection between quality and safety & off-the-job accidents have a negative impact on productivity

Which of the following does OSHA believe to be most important about the tasks and procedures related to the process?

they should be well communicated

Which of the following is the priority in which employers must identify and begin evaluating processes?

those that pose the greatest risks first

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