Public Speaking exam review

When trying to persuade listeners that are skeptical about your position, you need to deal directly with the reasons for their skepticism.

True

When you give a persuasive speech on a question of policy, you can seek either passive agreement or immediate action from your audience.

True

The most effective order for the main points in a speech depends on three things: your topic, your purpose, and your audience.

True

The process of audience analysis and adaptation affects every aspect of speech preparation from choosing a topic to delivering the speech.

True

The red herring fallacy refers to statements that introduce an irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion.

True

The specific purpose statement indicates precisely what the speaker hopes to accomplish in a speech.

True

The target audience is that portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.

True

The words we use to label an event determine to a great extent how we respond to that event.

True

Under normal circumstances, the introduction should comprise about 10-20 percent of a speech.

True

Using a quotation is one of the most common and effective ways to conclude a speech.

True

What many teachers refer to as source credibility was called ethos by Aristotle.

True

When dealing with a question of value, a public speaker needs to justify his or her value judgment on the basis of some set of standards or criteria.

True

Clear organization is usually less important in speaking than in writing.

False

Establishing good will is more likely to be necessary in the introduction of an informative speech than in the introduction of a persuasive speech.

False

It is seldom a good idea to discuss the importance of your topic in the introduction of a speech.

False

It is usually a poor idea to choose a speech topic that requires research.

False

"So much for the problem; now let's turn to the solution" is an example of a transition.

True

Avoiding sexist language is important in public speaking both as a matter of audience adaptation and as a matter of accuracy in language.

True

Chronological organization is used primarily for informative speeches.

True

It is often possible to use words accurately without using them clearly.

True

Language has a rhythm created by the choice and arrangement of words.

True

The following is an example of reasoning from analogy: "If you can make good tacos, you can make great enchiladas."

True

The more favorably listeners view a speaker's competence and character, the more likely they are to accept what the speaker says.

True

Which organizational pattern would probably be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the specific purpose, "To inform my audience how to use a phone-in registration system"? a. Chronological b. Spatial c. Comparative Advantage d. Problem-Solution e. Causal

a

According to your textbook, _________ plagiarism occurs when a speaker copies word for word from two or three sources. a. Global b. Incremental c. Patchwork d. Scientific

c

Which of the following is out of place in a speech to inform? a. Telling b. Explaining c. Advocating d. Reporting e. Demonstrating

c

"To inform my audience about golf" is an example of an effective specific purpose statement for a speech.

False

A persuasive speech on a question of fact is essentially the same as an informative speech.

False

A speech dominated by abstract words will almost always be clearer than one dominated by concrete words.

False

A central idea should be a. Expressed as a full sentence. b. Expressed as a statement not a question. c.Devoid of figurative language. d. All of the above

d

If Justin Bieber were to deliver a speech on international diplomacy, his main task in the introduction would probably be to... a. Reveal the topic of his speech b. Gain attention and interest c. Preview the body of his speech d. Establish his credibility on the topic e. State the importance of his topic

d

Whatever a speaker communicates to someone else is termed the a. Channel b. Code c. Feedback d. Message

d

Audiences find well-organized speakers to be more credible than poorly organized speakers.

True

Speechmaking is a form of power and therefore carries with it heavy _________ responsibilities. a. Logical b. Ethical c. Psychological d. Emotional

b

The more people know about a topic, the more likely they are to be interested in it.

True

As a speaker, you can usually assume that an audience will be interested in what you have to say.

False

Because persuasion is such a complex process, juggling statistics and quoting out of context to maximize your persuasive effect are ethically acceptable in speeches to persuade.

False

Fortunately, stage fright only affects inexperienced speakers.

False

If the meaning of a word is clear to you, you can assume that it is also clear to your audience.

False

Speakers who explain their expertise on the speech topic are likely to reduce their credibility with the audience.

False

Speeches arranged in spatial order follow a time sequence.

False

The aim of a speaker is to accomplish his or her goals by any means necessary.

False

The first step in speechmaking is choosing a topic for your speech.

True

A crescendo ending is more likely to be used in a persuasive speech than in an informative speech.

True

After choosing a topic, the next step in speech preparation is determining your general purpose.

True

Alliteration as a means of creating rhythm in a speech refers to repeating the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.

True

An audience's response to a message is invariably colored by its perception of the speaker.

True

Any characteristic of a given audience is potentially important to a speaker analyzing that audience.

True

Ethical issues can arise at every stage of the speechmaking process.

True

_______________ lets you know how your message is being received. a. Vocal variety b. Credibility c. Feedback d. Interference

c

The connotative meaning of a word is more variable, figurative, and subjective than its denotative meaning.

True

The either-or fallacy forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more than two alternatives exist.

True

The first responsibility of a speaker is to make sure her or his goal is ethically sound.

True

The channel is the room in which speech communication takes place.

False

The denotative meaning of a word includes all the feelings, associations and emotions that the word touches off in different people.

False

The difference between informing and persuading is like the difference between explaining and entertaining.

False

The three major goals of public speaking are to inform, to convince, and to persuade.

False

Unlike writers, good speakers seldom use connectives between main points.

False

When concluding a speech, it is inappropriate to refer back to ideas mentioned previously.

False

When trying to persuade a hostile audience, you should usually be wary of even mentioning their objections to your point of view.

False

When your general purpose is to persuade, you act as a teacher or lecturer.

False

Arguments guilty of the ad hominem fallacy attack the person rather than dealing with the real issue in dispute.

True

As a general rule, the larger your audience, the more formal your speech presentation should be.

True

Audience size, the physical setting for the speech, and the audience's disposition toward the topic, the speaker, and the occasion are all elements of situational audience analysis.

True

Being audience-centered means that your primary purpose as a speaker is to gain a desired response from the audience.

True

Competence and character are the most important factors affecting a speaker's credibility.

True

Establishing common ground with an audience is especially important in the introduction of a persuasive speech.

True

Ethical decisions need to be justified against a set of standards or criteria.

True

Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.

True

Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

True

Even when listeners pay close attention, they don't process a speaker's message exactly as the speaker intended.

True

Gender, age, race, ethnicity, and group membership are all factors to consider when conducting a demographic audience analysis.

True

Interference is anything that impedes the communication of a message.

True

It is necessary for a public speaker to identify his or her source whether the speaker is paraphrasing or quoting verbatim.

True

Language needs to be appropriate to a speaker himself or herself, as well as to the audience, topic, and occasion.

True

Monroe's motivated sequence is most appropriate for speeches that try to persuade listeners to take immediate action.

True

Most public speaking situations involve two-way communications.

True

No matter what the occasion, listeners will have fairly definite expectations about the kinds of speeches appropriate for that occasion.

True

Of all the kinds of public speaking persuasion is the most complex and the most challenging.

True

One function of a preview statement is to signal that the body of the speech is about to begin.

True

Persuasion is a psychological process in which listeners engage in a mental dialogue with the speaker.

True

Problem-solution order is used most often in persuasive speeches.

True

Questions of policy deal with whether something should or should not be done.

True

Reasoning is the process of drawing a conclusion based on evidence.

True

Regardless of what other methods you use to gain attention, you should almost always relate the topic to your audience in the introduction of a speech.

True

Taking someone's entire speech and passing it off as your own is a form of unethical behavior called global plagiarism.

True

In the midst of a speech about volcanoes, a speaker notices quizzical expressions on the faces of her listeners. In response, she says, "Let me explain that point again to make sure it's clear." When this happens, the speaker is a. Building a credibility b. Adapting to feedback c. Compensating for the situation d. Interpreting the audience's frame of reference

b

Which of the following is appropriate in a speech to persuade? a. Exhorting b. Advocating c. Convincing d. All of the above

d

Which organizational pattern would probably be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the specific purpose, "To inform my audience of the major steps in building a home entertainment center"? a. Motivated Sequence b. Causal c. Spatial d. Chronological e. Problem-Solution

d

Which of the following is a basic objective of a speech introduction? a. Reveal the topic of speech b. Enhance the speaker's credibility c. Gain the attention and interest of the audience d. Preview the body of the speech e. All of the above

e