Public Speaking Midterm Chapter 1-11

Audience analysis is an important factor in which of the following? 1. selecting a topic 2. organizing the speech 3. choosing supporting materials 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both selecting a topic and choosing supporting materials

All of these answers are correct.

According to your textbook, effective listening can help you do which of the following? 1. gather information and communicate it accurately to others 2. learn effective techniques that you can use in your own speeches 3. get promoted in your job 4.All of these answers are correct. 5. Both gather information and communicate it accurately to others and get promoted in your job

All of these answers are correct.

As your textbook explains, examples help a speaker 1. reinforce ideas. 2. personalize ideas. 3. make ideas vivid. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both personalize ideas and make ideas vivid.

All of these answers are correct.

As your textbook explains, many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include 1. telling a story for maximum impact. 2. tailoring your message to your audience. 3. organizing your thoughts logically. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both telling a story for maximum impact and organizing your thoughts logically.

All of these answers are correct.

It is appropriate to establish your credibility in a speech introduction by letting your audience know that your information comes from reading, classes, or other sources. True or False

True

Examples are an excellent way to personalize a speech because they put abstract facts and figures into vivid, human terms. True or False

True

Experts advise that you use Internet research to supplement, not to replace, library research. True or False

True

If you can't find the date on which a web document was created or last modified, you are better off looking for a different source. True or False

True

If you cannot identify the author of a document on the web, you should try to determine the sponsoring organization for the document. True or False

True

Interest, knowledge, and attitude are the three most important factors to consider when determining an audience's disposition toward a speaker's topic. True or False

True

It is usually a good idea to restate your topic at some point in the introduction, even if the listeners already know it. True or False

True

Jumping to conclusions can be a barrier to effective listening even when a speaker and a listener know each other very well. True or False

True

Speeches arranged in problem-solution order are divided into four main parts. True or False

False

Suspending judgment means that you need to accept uncritically whatever a speaker says. True or False

False

Even when we are listening carefully, we usually grasp only about __________ percent of what we hear. 1. 20 2. 30 3. 40 4. 50 5. 60

50

Each main point in the body of your first speech should cover a single aspect of the topic. True or False

True

Many of the skills used in public speaking are the same as those used in everyday conversation. These skills include 1. organizing your thoughts logically. 2. tailoring your message to your audience. 3. adapting to listener feedback. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both tailoring your message to your audience and adapting to listener feedback.

All of these answers are correct.

The library's catalogue allows you to search for books by 1. author. 2. title. 3. keyword. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5 Both author and title.

All of these answers are correct.

When preparing a speaking outline, you should 1. follow the visual framework of the preparation outline. 2. make sure the outline is plainly legible. 3. keep the outline as brief as possible. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both make sure the outline is plainly legible and keep the outline as brief as possible.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches? 1. Remember that your nervousness is not usually visible to your audience. 2. Concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on your nerves. 3. As you rehearse, visualize yourself giving a successful speech. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on your nerves and as you rehearse, visualize yourself giving a successful speech.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with nervousness in your speeches? 1. Visualize yourself giving a successful speech. 2. Concentrate on communicating with the audience, rather than on your nerves. 3. Choose a topic you care about and prepare thoroughly for the speech. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on your nerves and choose a topic you care about and prepare thoroughly for the speech.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to deal with stage fright? 1. Acquire speaking experience. 2. Turn negative thoughts into positive ones. 3. Don't expect perfection. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both acquire speaking experience and turn negative thoughts into positive ones.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as ways to help narrow a Google search to make it more effective? 1. Develop a strategy to search for specific terms you want to find. 2. Type specific questions into the search box. 3. Explore specialized Google resources such as news, books, and scholar. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both develop a strategy to search for specific terms you want to find and explore specialized Google resources such as news, books, and scholar.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend for developing your first classroom speech? 1. Be creative in structuring the speech. 2. Use colorful, descriptive language. 3. Describe an exciting experience. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both use colorful, descriptive language and describe an exciting experience.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend for preparing main points? 1. Balance the amount of time given to each main point. 2. Try to use the same pattern of wording for each main point. 3. Keep main points clearly separate from one another. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both balance the amount of time given to each main point and keep main points clearly separate from one another.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend that you do when rehearsing your first speech? 1. Rehearse the speech out loud. 2. Prepare notes consisting of key words and phrases. 3. Practice giving the speech to friends or family members. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both prepare notes consisting of key words and phrases and practice giving the speech to friends or family members.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following questions should you ask about the sponsoring organization of an Internet document? 1. Is the organization economically unbiased with respect to the issue? 2. Is the organization objective in its research and fair-minded in its statements? 3. Does the organization have a history of accuracy and nonpartisanship? 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both Is the organization economically unbiased with respect to the issue? and Is the organization objective in its research and fair-minded in its statements?

All of these answers are correct.

Your textbook recommends that when you deliver your first speech, you should make an effort to 1. maintain eye contact with the audience. 2. use your voice expressively. 3. avoid distracting mannerisms. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both use your voice expressively and avoid distracting mannerisms.

All of these answers are correct.

Your textbook recommends that when you develop your first speech, you should look for ways to 1. make the speech mysterious or suspenseful. 2. use colorful, descriptive language. 3. be creative in structuring your information. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both use colorful, descriptive language and be creative in structuring your information.

All of these answers are correct.

Which of the following does your textbook recommend that you do when rehearsing your first speech? 1. Memorize the speech word for word. 2. Ask family members or friends for feedback. 3. Read over the speech silently until you are sure you know it. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both memorize the speech word for word and read over the speech silently until you are sure you know it.

Ask family members or friends for feedback.

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking? 1. Be fully prepared for each speech. 2. Explain your credibility in the introduction. 3. Present your main points in nontechnical language. 4. Use visual aids to clarify statistical trends. 5. Be alert to feedback from the audience.

Be fully prepared for each speech.

Newspaper and periodical databases 1. catalog articles from a large number of newspapers, journals, and magazines. 2. are valuable for locating materials in encyclopedias and other reference works. 3. often provide abstracts and full texts of articles. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both catalog articles from a large number of newspapers, journals, and magazines and often provide abstracts and full texts of articles.

Both catalog articles from a large number of newspapers, journals, and magazines and often provide abstracts and full texts of articles.

When preparing a speech introduction, your textbook recommends that you 1. experiment with different openings until you find the best one. 2. practice your introduction until you can deliver it with strong eye contact. 3. start delivering your introduction while you are walking to the front of the room. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both experiment with different openings until you find the best one and practice your introduction until you can deliver it with strong eye contact.

Both experiment with different openings until you find the best one and practice your introduction until you can deliver it with strong eye contact.

As discussed in your textbook, delivery cues on a speaking outline may include 1. bibliographic citations. 2. highlighting of key phrases. 3. words such as "pause." 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both highlighting of key phrases and words such as "pause."

Both highlighting of key phrases and words such as "pause."

After discussing the first main point of her speech on the exploration of Mars, Jeanne said: Let's take a moment to recap. To this point we have seen that scientists have made important discoveries about the terrain of Mars, including its channels, basins, and polar caps. Now let's move on from the terrain of Mars and look at the planet's atmosphere. According to your textbook, what type of connective did Jeanne use? 1. internal summary 2. transition 3. bridge 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both internal summary and transition.

Both internal summary and transition.

Alexus has completed her final preparation outline and is preparing her speaking outline for her speech on macrobiotic foods. According to your textbook, as Alexus prepares her speaking outline, she should remember to 1. include a bibliography. 2. make sure the outline is plainly legible. 3. keep the outline as brief as possible. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both make sure the outline is plainly legible and keep the outline as brief as possible.

Both make sure the outline is plainly legible and keep the outline as brief as possible.

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking? 1. Put ethical principles into practice. 2. Adapt to the audience's frame of reference. 3. Make sure your goals are ethically sound. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both put ethical principles into practice and make sure your goals are ethically sound.

Both put ethical principles into practice and make sure your goals are ethically sound.

According to your textbook, which of the following should be included in a preparation outline? 1. research notes 2. transitions 3. a bibliography 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both transitions and a bibliography.

Both transitions and a bibliography.

According to your textbook, outlining is important to public speaking because an outline helps you judge whether 1. your main points are properly balanced. 2. your speech will be interesting to the audience. 3. you have adequate supporting materials for your main points. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both your main points are properly balanced and you have adequate supporting materials for your main points.

Both your main points are properly balanced and you have adequate supporting materials for your main points.

Which organizational pattern would probably be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the specific purpose "To inform my audience of the causes and effects of the erosion of America's seacoasts"? 1. spatial 2. environmental 3. chronological 4. analytical 5. causal

Causal

Signposts state both the idea the speaker has finished and the one the speaker is about to begin. True or False

False

Speeches arranged in causal order usually have three or four main points. True or False

False

"The three major expenses for people traveling abroad are transportation, food, and lodging" is an example of an effective specific purpose statement for a speech. True or False

False

A public speaker should avoid using transitions and internal summaries together. True or False

False

A speech conclusion that builds in power and intensity as it moves toward the closing line is known as a dissolve ending. True or False

False

According to your textbook, a skilled therapist listening to a patient is an example of appreciative listening. True or False

False

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of an internal summary: "So much for the present; what about the future?" True or False

False

An interview is an effective way to gather speech materials because it frees you of the need to do any other research. True or False

False

Arousing the curiosity of the audience is one of the major functions of a speech conclusion discussed in your textbook. True or False

False

As a speaker, you can usually assume that an audience will be interested in what you have to say. True or False

False

As the United States becomes more diverse, speakers no longer need to be sensitive to issues of race, ethnicity, and cultural background in public speaking. True or False

False

As your textbook explains, a speaker should almost always use words such as "quote" and "unquote" to let the audience know when the speaker is making a direct quotation. True or False

False

As your textbook explains, ethical decisions are essentially a matter of personal whim or opinion. True or False

False

As your textbook explains, when you locate an abstract of a magazine article, you should feel free to cite the article in your speech on the basis of the abstract alone. True or False

False

Audience analysis is only important after a speaker has completed research for a speech. True or False

False

Because ethical decisions are complex, ethical choices are simply a matter of personal preference. True or False

False

Because of their high credibility, you should use only factual examples in your speeches. True or False

False

Because opinions on the Internet are free for anyone to use, it is ethical to use them in your speech without citing your source. True or False

False

Because the Internet can be updated quickly, you can almost always assume that its fact and figures are accurate. True or False

False

Because the aim of speechmaking is to secure a desired response from listeners, speakers need to give their strategic objectives priority over their ethical obligations. True or False

False

Egocentrism is the belief that one's culture is superior to all others. True or False

False

Fortunately, stage fright only affects inexperienced speakers. True or False

False

If a Web page is not copyright protected, then it is ethical to cut and paste sections of the page into your speech without citing your source. True or False

False

If the name of a sponsoring organization sounds respectable, you can generally be confident that you have found a reliable Internet source. True or False

False

In a preparation outline, the specific purpose is usually stated after the introduction. True or False

False

In topical order, the main points proceed from top to bottom, left to right, front to back, east to west, or some similar route. True or False

False

It is inappropriate for a public speaker to say anything so obvious as "in conclusion." True or False

False

It is overly repetitious to restate the main points in the conclusion of a speech. True or False

False

It is seldom necessary to name the people you quote or paraphrase in a speech. True or False

False

Listeners typically approach a speech with one question uppermost in their minds: "Why is this important to the speaker?" True or False

False

Most often, a speaker's general purpose will fall into one of two categories—to inform or to demonstrate. True or False

False

Note taking is usually a barrier to effective listening. True or False

False

Public speaking requires the same method of delivery as ordinary conversation. True or False

False

Quoting a statement in such a way as to distort its meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it is called paraphrasing. True or False

False

The classroom is an artificial speaking situation in which you can overlook the attitudes and interests of your audience. True or False

False

The following is an example of an effective specific purpose statement for a speech: "The five most common types of volcanoes are the cinder cone volcano, the shield volcano, the strato-volcano, the giant caldera, and the fissure volcano." True or False

False

The introduction of a speech should usually be prepared before the body. True or False

False

The speaking outline follows a different pattern of symbolization and indentation from the preparation outline. True or False

False

The topical method of speech organization follows a time pattern. True or False

False

Unlike writers, public speakers can present other people's ideas as their own without being guilty of plagiarism. True or False

False

When concluding a speech, you should seldom refer back to ideas mentioned in the introduction. True or False

False

When it is your turn to speak, you should hurry to the front of the room and start talking immediately so you don't lose the audience's attention. True or False

False

When making a speaking outline, you should state your main points and subpoints in full sentences so you won't forget them. True or False

False

When you construct an audience-analysis questionnaire, scale questions give respondents the maximum leeway in responding. True or False

False

When you listen to the campaign speech of a political candidate for the purpose of accepting or rejecting the speaker's message, you are engaged in empathic listening. True or False

False

When you use a rhetorical question to gain attention in a speech introduction, you should state the question, pause a moment, and then give the answer. True or False

False

You should usually avoid drawing on your personal knowledge or experience when choosing a speech topic. True or False

False

Which of the following does your textbook recommend as a way to keep from plagiarizing? 1. Avoid using personal experience in your speech. 2. Get all your factual information from encyclopedias. 3. Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech. 4. Gather research materials from sources you know are reliable. 5. Avoid using direct quotations from other people in your speech.

Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech.

Which of the following is recommended by your textbook as a way to avoid plagiarism? 1. Avoid using direct quotations from other people in your speech. 2. Try to use as few sources as possible in researching your speech. 3. Avoid citing quotations and paraphrases in your speech. 4. Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech. 5. Make sure you include information from the library in your speech.

Get an early start on researching and preparing your speech.

Ethical decisions need to be justified against a set of standards or criteria. True or False

True

According to your textbook, what is the most important reason for limiting the number of main points in a speech? 1. It is hard to maintain parallel wording if there are too many main points. 2. It is hard to phrase the central idea if a speech has too many main points. 3. It is hard to organize supporting materials if there are too many main points. 4. It is hard to deliver a speech extemporaneously if it has too many main points. 5. It is hard for the audience to keep track of too many main points.

It is hard for the audience to keep track of too many main points.

Lucy wanted to know what percentage of students plan to attend graduate or professional schools after college, so she distributed a survey in three of her classes. Based on the results, Lucy concluded that nearly a third of college students plan to continue their education further. What is wrong with the way Lucy used the statistics from her survey? 1. Lucy's sample isn't representative of college students as a whole. 2. Lucy didn't use statistical measures correctly when presenting the results. 3. Lucy rounded her results instead of presenting the exact numbers. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both Lucy didn't use statistical measures correctly when presenting the results and Lucy rounded her results instead of presenting the exact numbers.

Lucy's sample isn't representative of college students as a whole.

According to your textbook, which of the following is a guideline for preparing a preliminary bibliography? 1. Make sure your bibliography is clear, accurate, and consistent. 2. Include only those sources that you are certain to use in your speech. 3. Use capital letters for the titles of books and magazine articles. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both make sure your bibliography is clear, accurate, and consistent and include only those sources that you are certain to use in your speech.

Make sure your bibliography is clear, accurate, and consistent.

Which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for ethical speechmaking? 1. Explain your motives for speaking. 2. Cite your sources in the introduction. 3. Make sure your goals are ethically sound. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both explain your motives for speaking and make sure your goals are ethically sound.

Make sure your goals are ethically sound.

According to your textbook, which of the following statements about speech conclusions is true? 1. Ending a speech abruptly is an excellent way to reinforce the speaker's central idea. 2. The last sentence of a speech should usually offer to answer questions from the audience. 3. It is usually best to let a conclusion grow out of the inspiration of the moment. 4.All of these answers are correct. 5. None of these answers are correct.

None of these answers are correct.

Which of the following is a correctly worded main point for a speech preparation outline? 1. The human eye as a means of identification. 2. Researchers are working on ways to use the iris as a means of identification. 3. Did you know that each person's iris has a unique pattern?4. Using the human eye as a means of identification. 5. Through your eyes only.

Researchers are working on ways to use the iris as a means of identification.

Tanya went to the beach instead of staying in town and working on her speech. When she realized how soon the speech was due, she asked a friend who had already taken public speaking to loan her an old outline, which she used verbatim for her class speech. Which of the following statements best describes Tanya's actions? 1. Tanya should have planned better, but she isn't guilty of plagiarism. 2. Tanya is guilty of global plagiarism. 3. Tanya is guilty of patchwork plagiarism. 4. Tanya is ethical if she cites the friend whose speech she used. 5. Tanya is guilty of incremental plagiarism.

Tanya is guilty of global plagiarism.

Which of the following is a correctly worded main point for a speech preparation outline? 1. Wolves. 2. Did you know that all domestic dogs are descended from the wolf? 3. The ancestry of the domestic dog can be directly traced to the wolf. 4. The place of the wolf in the ancestry of the domestic dog. 5. Wolves and the domestic dog.

The ancestry of the domestic dog can be directly traced to the wolf.

Which of the following is a correctly worded main point for a speech preparation outline? 1. Leadership. 2. What are the major types of leadership? 3. Two major types of leadership. 4. There are two major types of leadership. 5. Leadership: major types.

There are two major types of leadership.

"The three most distinctive traits of Chow Chows are their black tongues, their thick coats, and their manes" is an example of a well-worded central idea for a speech. True or False

True

"To inform my audience of the major accomplishments of the space shuttle program" is a well-worded specific purpose statement for an informative speech. True or False

True

"To persuade my audience that the federal government should require seat belts on all school buses" is an example of a well-worded specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech. True or False

True

A speech conclusion that builds in power and intensity as it moves toward the closing line is known as a crescendo ending. True or False

True

According to your textbook, putting a subject heading at the top of each research note you take will help you organize the notes when you start to compose your speech. True or False

True

According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of a transition: "Now that we've seen that binge drinking is a serious problem for many students, let's look at some ways to help curb the problem." True or False

True

According to your textbook, the two major bibliographic formats are those developed by the Modern Language Association (MLA) and the American Psychological Association (APA). True or False

True

According to your textbook, when focusing your listening, you should concentrate on a speaker's main points, evidence, and technique. True or False

True

After choosing a topic, the next step in speech preparation is determining your general purpose. True or False

True

As a general rule, the larger your audience, the more formal your speech presentation should be. True or False

True

As your textbook explains, phrasing your speech title as a question can be highly effective. True or False

True

Just as you need to give credit to the authors of print books and articles that you quote or paraphrase in your speech, so you need to give credit to the authors of Internet documents. True or False

True

Most of the nervousness a speaker feels internally is usually not visible to the audience. True or False

True

Most speeches should contain from two to five main points. True or False

True

Most successful speakers are nervous before taking the floor. True or False

True

Much of the anxiety associated with public speaking comes from lack of experience giving speeches. True or False

True

Nervousness is normal when delivering a speech. True or False

True

One of the main reasons to use examples in a speech is that they put abstract ideas into concrete terms that listeners can easily understand. True or False

True

One of the major barriers to effective communication is that the brain can process words much faster than a speaker can talk. True or False

True

One of the most common mistakes students make on their first speech is trying to cover too much. True or False

True

People spend more time listening than in any other communicative activity. True or False

True

Problem-solution order is used most often in persuasive speeches. True or False

True

Public speakers need to take their ethical responsibilities as seriously as their strategic objectives. True or False

True

Public speaking is more highly structured than everyday conversation. True or False

True

Research has shown that the effect of examples is enhanced when they are combined with statistics that show the examples to be typical. True or False

True

Researchers suggest that you counter every negative thought you have about your speeches with at least five positive ones. True or False

True

Some nervousness before you speak is usually beneficial. True or False

True

Sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against a set of ethical standards or guidelines. True or False

True

Speakers who think positively about themselves and the speech experience are more likely to overcome their stage fright than are speakers who think negatively. True or False

True

Taking a moment to look at your audience and smile before you begin to speak can help you establish rapport with them. True or False

True

The aim of active listening is to set aside one's own frame of reference and, as far as possible, to listen from within the speaker's frame of reference. True or False

True

The central idea of a speech should be expressed as a full sentence. True or False

True

The following is an effective central idea for a speech to persuade: "You should vote a $10 increase in student fees to pay for a new fitness center because the current one is too small and its equipment is out of date." True or False

True

The major advantage of statistics is that they give your ideas numerical precision. True or False

True

The process of audience analysis and adaptation affects every aspect of speech preparation from choosing a topic to delivering the speech. True or False

True

The teaching and study of public speaking began more than 4,000 years ago. True or False

True

Under normal circumstances, the introduction should constitute about 10 to 20 percent of a speech. True or False

True

When using an Internet search engine such as Google, you should develop a search strategy to find the sources you need for your speech. True or False

True

When you adjust to the situation of a public speech, you are doing on a larger scale what you do every day in conversation. True or False

True

When you give a speech, you should try to have the same expressiveness in your voice as you have in ordinary conversation. True or False

True

When you give your speech, you should try to make eye contact with your audience as much as you can. True or False

True

When you use testimony in a speech, it is acceptable either to paraphrase or to use a direct quotation. True or False

True

Whenever you use a hypothetical example in a speech, it is usually a good idea to follow it with statistics or testimony to show that the example is realistic. True or False

True

You are most likely to be successful in your classroom speeches if you think of your classmates as a real audience. True or False

True

You can improve your own speeches by listening carefully to the speeches of other people. True or False

True

Your textbook advises that when conducting an Internet search, you make your search terms as specific as possible. True or False

True

While doing research for his speech, Aaron was not able to identify the author of an Internet document titled "What Can and Cannot Be Patented." According to your textbook, what should Aaron do next to assess the credibility of the document? 1. Search for the document in the library. 2. Look up the year the document was published. 3. Try to determine the sponsoring organization for the document. 4. Double-check the accuracy of the document's URL. 5. Make sure the document is on a news site.

Try to determine the sponsoring organization for the document.

To say that public speaking is a way to make a difference about something we care about is to recognize that public speaking is 1. a form of empowerment. 2. a skill similar to conversation. 3. an art more than a science. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both a skill similar to conversation and an art more than a science.

a form of empowerment.

Which of the following would you most likely find in a well-constructed speech introduction? 1. a visual aid 2. a preview statement 3. an internal summary 4. a research citation 5. a lengthy quotation

a preview statement

When your textbook describes public speaking as a form of empowerment, it means that public speaking is 1. a way to manipulate people. 2. a way to make a difference in something we care about. 3. a way to make everyone see things through our frame of reference. 4. a way to demonstrate how clever we are. 5. a way to make bad ideas seem good.

a way to make a difference in something we care about.

How much time does the average adult spend in conversation? 1.about 50 percent of waking hours 2. about 10 percent of waking hours 3. about 20 percent of waking hours 4. about 30 percent of waking hours 5. about 40 percent of waking hours

about 30 percent of waking hours

Amalia needs to find information from scholarly journals for her persuasive speech on prescription drug shortages. The best resource for her would be a(n) 1. yearbook such as Facts on File or World Almanac. 2. academic database such as JSTOR or Academic OneFile. 3. government resource such as USA.gov. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both a yearbook such as Facts on File or World Almanac and a government resource such as USA.gov.

academic database such as JSTOR or Academic OneFile.

In her speech introduction, Kailyn asked, "Have you ever looked through old family photo albums and laughed at what people were wearing? Like many of you, I've noticed the changes in fashion and feared that my effort to look stylish today may eventually be a source of amusement to my future children." According to your textbook, by attempting to show her listeners why they should care about her topic, Kailyn was 1. using comparison. 2. stereotyping her audience. 3. engaging in ethnocentrism. 4. adapting to her audience. 5. practicing inclusion.

adapting to her audience.

When you experience stage fright, your body is producing extra _________Blank, a hormone that is released into the bloodstream in response to physical or mental stress. 1. adrenaline 2. serotonin 3. potassium 4. glauconite 5. cortisone

adrenaline

Each of the following is mentioned in your textbook as a tip for using statistics except 1. use statistics sparingly. 2. use visual aids to clarify statistical trends. 3. round off complicated statistics. 4. identify the source of your statistics. 5. avoid using statistics found on the Internet.

avoid using statistics found on the Internet.

According to your textbook, the specific purpose statement in a preparation outline should appear 1. immediately before the bibliography. 2. at the end of the introduction. 3. anywhere in the introduction. 4. in the transition to the first main point. 5. before the text of the outline itself.

before the text of the outline itself.

The process of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas is known as 1. linking 2. aggregating 3. deliberating 4. brainstorming 5. advocating

brainstorming

As a specific purpose statement, "To inform my audience about climate change" is too 1. broad. 2. scientific. 3. speculative. 4. personal. 5. detailed.

broad.

According to your textbook, when you listen to evaluate a speaker's message for purposes of accepting it or rejecting it, what kind of listening is involved? 1. critical 2. reflective 3. evaluative 4. empathic 5. comprehensive

critical

The __________Blank contains a list of all the resources owned by the library. 1. general index 2. catalogue 3. periodicals guide 4. encyclopedia 5. browser

catalogue

"The three kinds of bait used to attract fish are live bait, prepared bait, and artificial bait" is an example of a 1. transition. 2. central idea. 3. specific purpose. 4. topic statement. 5. general thesis.

central idea.

According to your textbook, brainstorming is especially helpful when you are having trouble 1. choosing a speech topic. 2. determining the general purpose. 3. determining the specific purpose. 4. phrasing the central idea. 5. analyzing the audience.

choosing a speech topic.

Here are the main points for an informative speech about the civil rights movement. I. The 1954, the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education helped spark the modern civil rights movement. II. In 1963, nonviolent protests in Birmingham, Alabama, dramatically increased support for the civil rights movement. III. In 1965, the Voting Rights Act was passed, marking the major legislative achievement of the civil rights movement. These main points are arranged in __________ order. 1. spatial 2. historical 3. descriptive 4. chronological 5. topical

chronological

Jackson had been a rodeo fan since childhood. In his informative speech, he gave a presentation with the following main points. Jackson's points were arranged in __________ order. I. Rodeos began in the Old West as contests of skill among cowboys during cattle roundups. II. By 1920, rodeos had become a popular spectator sport for the general public. III. Today, rodeos combine traditional western events with a circuslike atmosphere and the marketing techniques of big business. 1. topical 2. formal 3. chronological 4. analytical 5. spatial

chronological

A new class registration system has been established on campus. Tonight, a representative from the Registrar's office will speak about how to use the new system. You will be listening to the speaker in hopes of understanding the steps involved in registering for classes next semester. As explained in your textbook, you will be engaged in ___________ listening. 1. intimate 2. critical 3. empathic 4. comprehensive 5. appreciative

comprehensive

"To persuade my audience to volunteer regularly in their community and to join the Peace Corps after college" is a poorly phrased specific purpose statement for a classroom speech because it 1. is too personal. 2. is written as an infinitive phrase. 3. contains more than one distinct idea. 4. is too technical for a student audience. 5. uses figurative language.

contains more than one distinct idea.

Natasha and Ramone are listening to a realtor who is encouraging them to buy a house they looked at earlier in the day. As they listen, they are trying to decide whether or not to purchase the house. According to your textbook, Natahsa and Ramone are engaged in __________ listening. 1. critical 2. appreciative 3. comprehensive 4. empathic 5. intimate

critical

As Amanda analyzed the audience for her speech about organic foods, she focused on such things as their gender identity, age, and cultural background. In doing so, she was engaging in ____________Blank audience analysis. 1. situational 2. psychological 3. demographic 4. preliminary 5. descriptive

demographic

After choosing a topic, what is the next step of speech preparation? 1. phrasing the central idea 2. analyzing the occasion 3. selecting the specific purpose 4. writing the introduction 5. determining the general purpose

determining the general purpose

All of the following are necessary in a preparation outline except 1. labels for the introduction, body, and conclusion. 2. directions for delivering the speech. 3. transitions, internal previews, and internal summaries. 4. a consistent pattern of indentation and symbolization. 5. a specific purpose statement.

directions for delivering the speech.

When taking research notes, you should 1. take only a few notes so you do not get too much information. 2. put all the notes from each source on a single index card or sheet of paper. 3. distinguish among quotations, paraphrases, and your own ideas. 4. record notes only when you're sure you'll use the information in your speech. 5. All of these answers are correct.

distinguish among quotations, paraphrases, and your own ideas.

When you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to __________ in the introduction of your speech. 1. tell a story 2. define unclear terms 3. have a concise preview statement 4. state the importance of the topic 5. establish goodwill toward the audience

establish goodwill toward the audience

In the introduction of his speech on the Special Olympics, Amir mentioned that he had attended the events last year to cheer on a family friend who was competing in some races. Sharing this information with the audience helped Amir achieve which goal of a speech introduction? 1. relating to the audience 2. generating emotional appeal 3. stating the importance of the topic 4. establishing credibility 5. previewing the body

establishing credibility

The following passage from a speech introduction is an example of _________. After attending a seminar on currency security, I became fascinated by the technology developed by the Treasury Department to prevent the counterfeiting of paper money. I learned more about the subject by reading information from the Treasury Department, as well as by interviewing Donna Marshall, a security expert at Bank of America. 1. revealing the topic 2. previewing the body 3. stating the importance of the topic 4. establishing the speaker's credibility 5. relating to the audience

establishing the speaker's credibility

Speechmaking is a form of power and therefore carries with it heavy __________ responsibilities. 1. logical 2. ethical 3. psychological 4. emotional 5. sociological

ethical

Accomplished speakers consider __________ "the very life of the speech." 1. statistics 2. causal reasoning 3. testimony 4. examples 5. emotional appeals

examples

All of the following are presented in your textbook as guidelines for ethical speechmaking except 1. be honest in what you say. 2. avoid name calling and other forms of abusive language. 3. be fully prepared for each speech. 4. make sure your goals are ethically sound. 5. explain your credibility on the speech topic.

explain your credibility on the speech topic.

A carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes is called a(n) __________Blank speech. 1. extemporaneous 2. spontaneous 3. transitional 4. contemporaneous 5. informative

extemporaneous

When you use the __________ method of delivery, you become so familiar with the substance of your speech that you need only a few brief notes to jog your memory. 1. traditional 2. spontaneous 3. personal 4. informative 5. extemporaneous

extemporaneous

In a speech about valley fever, a potentially deadly disease that has reached serious proportions in several southwestern states, a speaker said: After being plagued by asthma attacks in Hawaii for six years, Lori Crown hoped to find relief by moving to the dryer climate in Bakersfield, California. A few months after arriving in Bakersfield, Crown was suffering from severe headaches, swollen feet, painful bumps on her hands and legs, and a prolonged fever. The diagnosis—valley fever. To combat the disease, Crown has to take fluconazole, an antifungal drug that costs $685 for a one-month supply of pills. Although the drug helps, Crown still gets painful headaches, frequent fevers, and debilitating fatigue. "It's so frustrating," Crown says. "One day I'll feel fine, then I'll be in bed for the next three." Most days she wishes she had stayed in Hawaii. According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material is used in this statement? 1. scientific example 2. extended example 3. hypothetical example 4. illustrative example 5. expert example

extended example

Using __________Blank is the best way to pull listeners into your speeches. 1. peer testimony 2. statistics 3. extended examples 4. visual aids 5. brief examples

extended examples

As your textbook explains, the primary purpose of speechmaking is to 1. gain a desired response from listeners. 2. learn more about the speech topic. 3. gain experience as a speaker. 4. try out new ideas with an audience. 5. display the speaker's knowledge.

gain a desired response from listeners.

Which of the following is appropriate when using humor in a public speech? 1. gently making fun of common human quirks 2. using obscenity or off-color language 3. characterizing groups with negative stereotypes 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both gently making fun of common human quirks and using obscenity or off-color language

gently making fun of common human quirks

As a member of the City Council, you have been invited to address the city's bicycling club about the mayor's plan to create additional bike routes. The most important demographic factor you should consider when analyzing your audience is probably its 1. education. 2. ethnic background. 3. economic standing. 4. group membership. 5. occupation.

group membership.

According to your textbook, the main reason to keep a speaking outline brief is to 1. help the speaker feel more confident and secure. 2. make the speech clearer for the audience. 3. ensure that the outline fits on a single note card. 4. make it easier for the speaker to gesture. 5. help the speaker maintain eye contact with the audience.

help the speaker maintain eye contact with the audience.

The main points in a preparation outline are 1. identified by Roman numerals. 2. identified by capital letters. 3.located farther to the right than subpoints. 4. identified by Arabic numbers. 5. written in phrases, not full sentences.

identified by Roman numerals.

When the general purpose of your speech is to _________, you act primarily as a teacher or lecturer. 1. inform 2. convince 3. entertain 4. persuade 5. convert

inform

According to your textbook, the speaking outline 1. is created from the titles of a speaker's PowerPoint slides. 2. is used to jog a speaker's memory during the speech. 3. includes a full bibliography. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both is used to jog a speaker's memory during the speech and includes a full bibliography.

is used to jog a speaker's memory during the speech.

"What are the four steps in making pottery?" is a poorly phrased central idea for an informative speech because 1. it is written as a question rather than as a statement. 2. it doesn't refer to the speaker's credibility. 3. it uses figurative language. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both it is written as a question rather than a statement and it doesn't refer to the speaker's credibility.

it is written as a question rather than as a statement.

Ted is listening to the introduction of Janine's speech when he thinks to himself, "This is really going to be boring." What aspect of poor listening identified in your textbook is Ted exhibiting in this example? 1. listening too hard 2. jumping to conclusions 3. rejecting the speaker's frame of reference 4. giving in to distractions 5. not listening comprehensively

jumping to conclusions

Margaret is passionately committed to animal rights. At an evening lecture required for her biology class, she learned that the title of the speaker's talk was "The Importance of Animal Experimentation to Medical Advances." Offended and sure that the speaker had nothing ethical or interesting to say, Margaret ignored everything the speaker said and spent the whole lecture sending outraged tweets to other animal activists. According to your textbook, the primary cause of Margaret's poor listening was 1. poor concentration. 2. focusing on the speaker's topic. 3. being distracted by external interference. 4. jumping to conclusions. 5. spare "brain time."

jumping to conclusions.

When preparing a speech introduction, your textbook recommends that you 1. keep an eye out for introductory material as you research your speech. 2. make sure the introduction is at least 25 percent of your speech. 3. perfect the introduction before you work on the body of your speech. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both keep an eye out for introductory material as you research your speech and make sure the introduction is at least 25 percent of your speech.

keep an eye out for introductory material as you research your speech.

According to your textbook, what are the three primary factors to consider when assessing an audience's disposition toward a speech topic? 1. gender identity, knowledge, and opinions 2. interest, background, and age 3. size, occasion, and group membership 4. knowledge, interest, and attitude 5. background, situation, and gender identity

knowledge, interest, and attitude

The fact that audiences are egocentric means that 1. listeners believe their cultural group is superior to all other groups. 2. listeners are concerned above all with how a speech will affect them. 3. listeners interpret the speech through the speaker's frame of reference. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both listeners believe their cultural group is superior to all other groups and listeners are concerned above all with how a speech will affect them.

listeners are concerned above all with how a speech will affect them.

People spend more time __________ than in any other communication activity. 1. speaking 2. writing 3. reading 4. listening 5. discussing

listening

When business managers are asked to list the communication skills most crucial to their job, they usually rank __________ number one. 1. conversation 2. critical thinking 3. listening 4. public speaking 5. writing

listening

The preliminary bibliography 1. is based on the speaker's personal knowledge about the topic. 2. lists each source that looks as if it might be helpful in speech. 3. should be prepared after the speaker has finished researching the speech. 4. should contain a maximum of three or four sources. 5. identifies sources that the speaker is sure will be used in the speech.

lists each source that looks as if it might be helpful in speech.

The main points in a preparation outline are 1. identified by capital letters. 2. located farthest to the left. 3. written as key-word phrases. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both identified by capital letters and located farthest to the left.

located farthest to the left.

According to your textbook, when you are in a formal speaking situation the most effective way of gaining the initial attention of your audience after you walk to the front of the room is 1. asking someone to lower the lights. 2. beginning to speak loudly and clearly. 3. rapping your hand lightly on the lectern until everyone is quiet. 4. looking directly at the audience without saying a word. 5. asking everyone to be quiet and pay attention.

looking directly at the audience without saying a word.

According to your textbook, __________Blank plagiarism occurs when a speaker copies word for word from two or three sources. 1. global 2. incremental 3. patchwork 4. secondary 5. partial

patchwork

When the general purpose of your speech is to __________Blank you act primarily as an advocate. 1. persuade 2. entertain 3. demonstrate 4. commemorate 5. inform

persuade

Creating goodwill is especially important in the introduction of a(n) __________ speech. 1. commemorative 2. acceptance 3. persuasive 3.after-dinner 5. informative

persuasive

According to your textbook, rather than trying to eliminate every trace of stage fright, you should aim at transforming it into 1. general tension. 2. visualized adrenaline. 3. professional stage fright. 4. positive nervousness. 5. performance anxiety.

positive nervousness.

Here are the main points for a persuasive speech on the dangers of a cyber attack on the U.S. power grid. The nation's electrical power grid is in increasing danger of a cyber attack that would shut down the country. This problem can only be solved by extensive cooperation between government and industry. These main points are arranged in __________ order. 1. topical 2. problem-solution 3. comprehensive 4. collaborative 5. causal

problem-solution

The main value of using statistics in a speech is to 1. lend realism to the speech. 2. enhance the speaker's credibility. 3.make the speech more vivid. 4. avoid relying on testimony. 5. quantify the speaker's ideas.

quantify the speaker's ideas.

The conclusion of a speech is an appropriate time to 1. add supporting materials you could not work into the body. 2. reinforce your listeners' commitment to the central idea. 3. apologize for any mistakes you made during the speech. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both reinforce your listeners' commitment to the central idea and apologize for any mistakes you made during the speech.

reinforce your listeners' commitment to the central idea.

According to your textbook, "So, how can we protect our Internet data from potential hackers?" is an example of a(n) 1. rhetorical question. 2. signpost. 3. internal preview. 4. transition. 5. bridge.

signpost.

Here are the main points for a speech about the impact of climate change: I. Climate change has had a major impact in North America. II. Climate change has had a major impact in South America. III. Climate change has had a major impact in Europe. IV. Climate change has had a major impact in Asia. V. Climate change has had a major impact in Africa. These main points are arranged in __________Blank order. 1. directional 2. spatial 3. chronological 4.causal 5. problem-solution

spatial

Which organizational pattern would probably be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech with the specific purpose "To inform my audience about the major geographical regions of the Philippines"? 1. historical 2. spatial 3. developmental 4. descriptive 5. visual

spatial

"To inform my audience about the history of the Congressional filibuster" is an example of a 1. specific purpose. 2. topic statement. 3. thesis statement. 4. central idea. 5. statement of intention.

specific purpose.

Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are combined with __________Blank that show(s) the examples to be typical. 1. analogies 2. causal reasoning 3. credibility statements 4. emotional appeals 5. statistics

statistics

Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people or assuming that all members of the group are alike is called 1. egocentrism. 2. genotyping. 3. sensationalism. 4. stereotyping. 5. ethnocentrism.

stereotyping.

According to your textbook, global plagiarism occurs when a person 1. bases his or her speech completely on foreign sources. 2. fails to cite sources throughout the body of the speech. 3. takes a speech entirely from one source and passes it off as her or his own. 4. uses two or three sources and blends the information into a unified whole. 5. bases the speech entirely on his or her personal experience.

takes a speech entirely from one source and passes it off as her or his own.

Fran Breit, the golf pro at a local municipal course, has been asked by a social club to give a talk about how to play golf. What is probably the most important factor for Fran to consider in preparing her presentation? 1. the age of the audience 2. the racial background of the audience 3. the time of day the talk will be given 4. the audience's knowledge of the topic 5. the audience's disposition toward the speaker

the audience's knowledge of the topic

If you were giving a persuasive speech to a general audience arguing that all children should be required to use standard English in the public schools, the most important factor to consider in audience analysis would probably be 1. the age of the audience. 2. the physical setting for the speech. 3. the ethnic background of the audience. 4. the time of day for the speech. 5. the size of the audience.

the ethnic background of the audience.

As explained in your textbook, the three main parts of a speech are called 1. the opening, the center, and the end. 2. the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. 3. the attention-getter, the main section, and the ending. 4. the preview, the main points, and the close. 5. the beginning, the core, and the conclusion.

the introduction, the body, and the conclusion.

Which of the following statistical measures corresponds to what is popularly called "the average"? 1. the medial 2. the mean 3. the medium 4. the mode 5. the median

the mean

According to your textbook, a common mistake students make when developing their first speech is 1. using PowerPoint improperly. 2. trying to cover too much material. 3. not doing enough library research. 4. All of these answers are correct. 5. Both using PowerPoint improperly and not doing enough library research.

trying to cover too much material.

According to your textbook, a good way to clarify statistical trends is to 1. increase your speaking rate when giving statistics. 2. consult the Guinness Book of World Records. 3. use exact numbers rather than rounding off. 4. use visual aids when presenting statistics. 5. make sure the statistics are from unbiased sources.

use visual aids when presenting statistics.

As explained in your textbook, subpoints in a preparation outline should be 1. listed just before the conclusion. 2. written in key words to jog the memory. 3. indicated by Roman numerals. 4. indented farther to the left than main points. 5. written in full sentences.

written in full sentences.