Pulmonary Part 2

Which medication is an example of a long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA) used in asthma management? A. Albuterol B. Salmeterol C. Terbutaline D. Levalbuterol

B

Which nursing intervention will help prevent chronic fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)? A. Encouraging the patient to work with the arms raised B. Teaching the patient to not rush through morning activities C. Suggesting that the patient avoid high energy-use tasks such as walking D. Allowing the patient to eat, bathe, and groom himself or herself during acute exacerbations

B

Which plan of action will the nurse anticipate for a patient with asthma who has the following manifestations: has wheezing, dyspnea, and coughing episodes once or twice a month lasting 1 to 2 days; symptom relief is controlled by an inhaled bronchodilator; about once every 2 years requires an oral corticosteroid medication when symptoms are more severe; and does not have limitations in activities or night-time awakening with symptoms? A. Addition of an inhaled corticosteroid as a maintenance medication B. Continuation of the current therapy plan with no daily medication required C. Treatment with a long-acting bronchodilator plus an inhaled corticosteroid D. Supplementation with a leukotriene modifier and a daily bronchodilator

B

Which prognosis would the nurse anticipate for a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? A. Permanent resolution B. Survival of less than 5 years C. Unknown prognosis D. 10 to 15 years with treatment

B

Which sign or symptom is significant in diagnosing asthma in a nonsmoker? A. Dyspnea B. Wheezing C. Chest tightness D. Increased mucus production

B

Which statement by a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) indicates the need for additional follow-up instruction? A. "I need to eat more protein." B. "I don't need to get a flu shot." C. "I don't need to use my oxygen all the time." D. "It is normal to feel more tired than I used to."

B

Which survival period is common for most patients after being diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis? A. Less than 3 years B. Less than 5 years C. Less than 6 months D. Less than 12 months

B

Which therapy for pulmonary fibrosis is curative? A. Nebulized morphine B. Lung transplantation C. Home oxygen therapy D. Immunosuppressant therapy

B

Which treatment is often used for non-small cell lung cancer? A. Chemotherapy B. Targeted therapy C. Radiation therapy D. Immunosuppression

B

Which type of factors most likely explains the variance in lung cancer development among adults with similar smoking histories? A. Social factors B. Genetic factors C. Occupational factors D. Environmental factors

B

Which action would the nurse take as a priority when caring for a patient diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who has rapid shallow respirations and oxygen saturation is 82% on 2 L of oxygen via nasal cannula? A. Increase the oxygen. B. Contact the health care provider. C. Place the patient in a supine position. D. Encourage the patient to place the arms over the head.

A

Which answer by the nurse is appropriate when a patient with asthma asks why it is necessary to use an inhaled corticosteroid every day? A. "Daily medications help reduce the risk for irreversible changes in your lungs." B. "Using a daily steroid medication will prevent the need for rescue medication." C. "The inhaled corticosteroid stabilizes the mast cells to reduce inflammation." D. "Inhaled corticosteroid medications potentiate the effects of bronchodilators."

A

Which drug may induce idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? A. Amiodarone B. Azathioprine C. Chlorambucil D. Cyclophosphamide

A

Occupational exposure to which material increases a person's risk for lung cancer? A. Nickel B. Nitric acid C. Nitric oxide D. N-acetylcysteine

A

Occupational exposure to which material increases a person's risk for lung cancer? A. Tar B. Tin C. Turpentine D. Tartaric acid

A

A patient with status asthmaticus has the following assessment findings: a respiratory rate of 35 breaths/min, a heart rate of 110 beats/min, high-pitched wheezes in all lung fields, and marked use of accessory muscles to breathe. The patient is receiving an IV steroid and a continuous nebulized bronchodilator medication. Which assessment reveals a worsening of this patient's condition? A. Absence of wheezing B. Tremors in both hands C. Heart rate decreased to 90 beats/min D. Decreased respiratory rate to 20 breaths/min

A

In patients with pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation resulting from lung injury makes gas exchange difficult by causing thickening of which type of tissue? A. Alveolar B. Epithelial C. Bronchiolar D. Smooth muscle

A

Occupational exposure to which material increases a person's risk for lung cancer? A. Asbestos B. Ammonia C. Aluminum D. Acetic acid

A

Occupational exposure to which material increases a person's risk for lung cancer? A. Coal B. Copper C. Chlorine D. Citric acid

A

Which information about engaging in exercise will the nurse give a patient with asthma? A. "Adjust your exercise routine as needed to avoid asthma triggers." B. "Aerobic exercise is considered too strenuous for people with asthma." C. "Strenuous exercise is not recommended for people who have asthma." D. "Keep a short-acting beta agonist on hand to use as needed while exercising."

A

Which instruction related to sildenafil would the nurse provide to a patient with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)? A. Change positions slowly. B. Report bleeding or bruising. C. Use a reliable form of birth control. D. Refrain from alcohol consumption.

A

Which instruction would the nurse include to a patient diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis about preventing respiratory infections? A. Avoid crowded areas. B. Use hand sanitizer when in crowds. C. Wear a N95 nonrebreather mask when leaving the house. D. Begin antibiotics when exposed to people who are ill.

A

Which phase or type of asthma attack is seen in a patient who has a low partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) and an elevated partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2)? A. Late phase B. Early phase C. Viral asthma D. Allergic asthma

A

Which physiologic reason would the nurse give to explain the need for oxygen in a patient diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? A. Reduced gas exchange B. Decreased sputum clearance C. Decreased forced vital capacity D. Connective tissue plugs in the lower airway

A

Which prescribed medication would the nurse administer first to a patient with asthma who has pneumonia, is reporting increased shortness of breath, and has inspiratory and expiratory wheezes? A. Albuterol 2 inhalations B. Salmeterol 2 inhalations C. Ipratropium 2 inhalations D. Fluticasone 2 inhalations

A

Which reason is accurate as to why patients with asthma must avoid taking aspirin (ASA) or NSAIDs for pain or fever? A. They allow increased production of leukotrienes. B. They increase the risk for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). C. Aspirin and NSAIDs can cause bronchoconstriction. D. A patient with asthma is likely allergic to these drugs.

A

Which statement by the patient diagnosed with severe idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis demonstrates a clear understanding of the need for oxygen therapy? A. "I will need oxygen all of the time." B. "I will need the oxygen when I am moving around." C. "I will only need oxygen when I'm sleeping at night." D. "I will need to use oxygen when I am short of breath."

A

Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching about asthma medication management and the need to use a long-acting beta agonist (LABA) as directed? A. "I may use the LABA as needed for wheezing and coughing." B. "The LABA is not used as the only medication for treating asthma." C. "I should use the LABA twice daily even when I am not having symptoms." D. "Overuse of the LABA may result in severe worsening of symptoms."

A

Which statement by the patient with asthma indicates a need for further teaching? A. "The fluticasone inhaler is used as a rescue medication." B. "I will use the albuterol inhaler when I am wheezing or short of breath." C. "I may need oral steroid medications when my asthma action plan is not working." D. "When I have symptoms in the yellow zone, I will need to take more medicine."

A

Which term describes increased vibrations felt on the chest wall that indicate areas of the lung where air spaces are replaced with tumor or fluid in patients with lung cancer? A. Fremitus B. Palliation C. Mucositis D. Thrombocytopenia

A

Which treatment is often chosen for small cell lung cancer? A. Chemotherapy B. Targeted therapy C. Radiation therapy D. Immunosuppression

A

Which two major categories are included in asthma medications? A. Control and reliever B. Preventive and quick acting C. Steroids and bronchodilators D. Bronchodilators and anti-inflammatories

A

Why are agonist and beta-adrenergic drugs ineffective in treating asthma in older adults? A. Because of decreased sensitivity of receptors B. Because of quick response to reliever therapy C. Because of no response from reliever therapy D. Because of the receptors causing bronchodilation

A

Which disorder is a lung disease that causes chronic airflow limitation? Select all that apply. A. Chronic bronchitis B. Intermittent asthma C. Upper lobe lung cancer D. Subcutaneous emphysema E. Inflammatory bronchospasm

A, B

Which finding would the nurse expect to note during mild activity of a patient with class III pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)? Select all that apply. A. Fatigue B. Dependent edema C. Dyspnea on exertion D. Jugular vein distention E. Ascites with hepatomegaly

A, B, C, D, E

Which sign or symptom is an indicator of an asthma attack? Select all that apply. A. Eosinophils in the sputum B. Muscle retraction between the ribs C. Audible wheeze, especially on exhalation D. Increased, then decreased arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) level E. Decreased forced expiratory volume in the 1 second (FEV1) on flowmeter

A, B, C, E

Which patient statement indicates that teaching about anxiety with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been successful? Select all that apply. A. "I will perform diaphragmatic breathing when I am anxious." B. "I will attend counseling sessions during periods of emotional distress." C. "I will seek medical assistance when I believe I may have an infection." D. "I will take my prescribed antianxiety medication if I begin to feel panicky." E. "I will ask for help if I have difficulty breathing while performing daily activities."

A, B, D

Which question would the nurse ask a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to help with the psychosocial assessment? Select all that apply. A. "How many people live in your home?" B. "How has your illness affected your lifestyle?" C. "What do you eat and drink on a typical day?" D. "When and how often do you use your inhaler?" E. "Can you mark this line to show the amount of breathing difficulty you are having now?" F. "Do you find it necessary to take a breath between every one or two words while speaking?"

A, B, D

Which action would the nurse take for patient with asthma who tells the nurse that the prescribed montelukast does not help with symptoms during an asthma attack? A. Contact the health care provider to discuss a possible increase in dose of this drug. B. Ask the patient to describe how and when the medication is taken. C. Instruct the patient to take the drug when known asthma triggers are present. D. Teach the patient to take the drug at the first indication of symptoms for best effect.

B

Which disease of the lungs may occur as a result of exposure to occupational irritants? Select all that apply. A. Asthma B. Lung cancer C. Cystic fibrosis D. Pulmonary fibrosis E. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A, B, D, E

By which method does metastasis of lung cancer occur? Select all that apply. A. Direct extension B. Through the blood C. Through respiration D. Invasion of endocrine glands E. Invasion of lymph glands and vessels

A, B, E

Which warning signal is associated with lung cancer? Select all that apply. A. Dyspnea B. Weight loss C. Leukonychia D. Osteoarthritis E. Clubbing of the fingers

A, B, E

Which statement about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is correct? Select all that apply. A. COPD includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. B. Because of increased mucus production, bronchitis leads to breathing problems in the alveoli. C. Most emphysema is associated with smoking or chronic exposure to other inhalation irritants. D. The increased risk for infection in COPD is related to increased mucus production and poor oxygenation. E. Emphysematous lungs contain an increased number of proteases that destroy the normal lung tissue.

A, C, D, E

Which medication used in the management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is classified as an immunosuppressant drug? Select all that apply. A. Methotrexate B. Dexamethasone C. Methylprednisolone D. Cyclophosphamide E. Mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (MAPKIs)

A, D

Which pathologic process is present in most patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Select all that apply. A. Bronchitis B. Pneumonia C. Sarcoidosis D. Emphysema E. Cystic fibrosis F. Pulmonary tuberculosis

A, D

Inhaled corticosteroids are typically used to treat which symptom of asthma? A. Bronchial spasms B. Airway inflammation C. Bronchial secretions D. Airway hyperresponsiveness

B

Occupational exposure to which material increases a person's risk for lung cancer? A. Basalt B. Beryllium C. Boric acid D. Benzoyl peroxide

B

Occupational exposure to which material increases a person's risk for lung cancer? A. Iodine B. Iron oxide C. Isopropanol D. India rubber

B

Which drug exposure is likely in the history of patients with pulmonary fibrosis? Select all that apply. A. Dasatinib B. Amiodarone C. Azathioprine D. Ambrisentan E. Fenfluramine/phentermine

B, D

Which statement will the nurse recognize as accurate regarding self-management of asthma? Select all that apply. A. NSAIDs should be taken. B. Peak expiratory flow rates should be monitored twice daily. C. Bronchodilator inhalers should be used 30 minutes after exercising. D. Bronchodilators should be used only when the patient is in a sitting position. E. Avoid any foods that have been prepared with monosodium glutamate (MSG).

B, E

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who reports increased fatigue and nausea. The nurse notes distended neck veins, bounding peripheral pulses, dependent edema, and cyanosis of the lips and hands. The nurse notifies the health care provider of which condition? A. Orthopnea B. Hypercapnia C. Cor pulmonale D. Respiratory distress

C

Which assessment finding is associated with obstructive lung disease and not with interstitial lung disease? A. Cough B. Dyspnea C. Barrel chest D. Reduced gas exchange

C

Which category of medication is used as a rescue inhaler for a patient who is a marathon runner and who has asthma? A. Corticosteroids B. Long-acting beta agonists C. Short-acting beta agonists D. NSAIDs

C

Which clinical finding is consistent with the diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? A. Increased force vital capacity B. Resistance to combination therapy C. "Honeycomb" pattern on the CT scan D. Elevated mitogen-activated protein kinase

C

Which common restrictive lung disease is an example of excessive wound healing with loss of cellular regulation? A. Asthma B. Cystic fibrosis C. Pulmonary fibrosis D. Pulmonary arterial hypertension

C

Which complication causes pain radiating to the arm in patients with advanced lung cancer? A. Compression of blood vessels B. Compression of lymph vessels C. Tumor invasion of nerve plexuses D. Tumor obstruction of the bronchus

C

Which complication would the nurse suspect for a patient with lung cancer who experiences rapid, shallow breathing? A. Fremitus B. Airway obstruction C. Elevated diaphragm D. Obstructive breathing

C

Which complication would the nurse suspect in a patient who is experiencing air hunger, has uncoordinated breathing, has normal arterial blood gasses, and has a normal eosinophil count? A. The patient has asthma. B. The patient has allergic asthma. C. The patient has acute emphysema. D. The patient has severe emphysema.

C

Which condition is characterized by the appearance of lung tissue in a honeycomb pattern in high-resolution CT? A. Sarcoidosis B. Cystic fibrosis C. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases

C

Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient about the long-term effects and treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? A. Aggressive treatment with immunosuppressant medications can be curative. B. Lung transplantation provides only a temporary respite from disease progression. C. Medications are used to improve quality of life and slow progression of symptoms. D. With proper management, patients can control symptoms indefinitely.

C

Which level of severity will the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) of 65% of predicted value and an FEV1 of 55% of the predicted value? A. I; mild B. III; severe C. II; moderate D. IV; very severe

C

Which medication will the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe for a patient with asthma and elevated serum eosinophils and elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels? A. Albuterol B. Fluticasone C. Cromolyn sodium D. Ipratropium bromide

C

Which patient may be an ideal candidate for the surgical treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? A. A patient with acute emphysema and stable cardiac function B. A patient with end-stage emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis C. A patient with minimal chronic bronchitis and stable cardiac function D. A patient with advanced chronic bronchitis and stable cardiac function

C

Which quality of sputum may occur if infection or necrosis is present in patients with lung cancer? A. Thick B. Minimal C. Purulent D. Blood-tinged

C

Which rationale is appropriate for prescribing a mucolytic for a patient diagnosed with chronic bronchitis? A. Mucolytics decrease secretion production. B. Mucolytics increase gas exchange in the lower airways. C. Mucolytics thin secretions, making them easier to expectorate. D. Mucolytics provide bronchodilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

C

Which reason is the most important for prescribing inhaled, rather than oral, corticosteroids for patients with asthma? A. Inhaled corticosteroids are easier to use. B. Inhaled corticosteroids are more effective. C. Oral corticosteroids have more adverse effects. D. Oral corticosteroids have less predictable effects.

C

Which snack selection is best for the nurse to advise to a patient with severe emphysema who asks for assistance with meal and snack choices for the next day? A. Bean soup with crackers B. Apple slices and caramel dip C. Chocolate ice cream shake D. Salted cheese crackers

C

Which statement by the patient about idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis reflects a need for further teaching? A. "I may eventually need home oxygen." B. "Medications may help me with my breathing." C. "Methotrexate will keep my disease from progressing." D. "A lung transplant is the only chance I have of a cure."

C

Which statement by the patient with asthma indicates a need for further teaching about using a controller medication? A. "If I have an increased frequency of attacks, I should notify my health care provider." B. "I will use this medication every day whether I am having symptoms or not." C. "I should take this medication PRN when my symptoms become more severe." D. "Controller medications are given to help prevent acute exacerbations of asthma."

C

Which statement indicates an understanding of the correct use of emergency drug therapy for asthma? A. "Preventive drugs can stop an attack." B. "Asthma drugs help everybody breathe better." C. "I must have my emergency inhaler with me at all times." D. "I must carry my emergency inhaler only when activity is anticipated."

C

Which strategy is the focus of secondary prevention of lung cancer? A. Reducing air pollution B. Reducing tobacco smoking C. Screening adults at high risk D. Limiting exposure to secondhand smoke

C

Which therapy for patients with pulmonary fibrosis may be introduced in later stages of the disease to reduce the sensation of dyspnea? A. Home oxygen therapy B. Energy conservation measures C. Oral, parenteral, or nebulized morphine D. Avoiding respiratory irritants, crowds, and people who are ill

C

Which two assessment findings are changes secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? A. Emphysema and bronchitis B. Wheezing and excess mucus C. Barrel chest and finger clubbing D. Lung crackles and finger clubbing

C

Which statement is correct regarding the drug management of asthma? Select all that apply. A. Anti-inflammatory medications are used to cause bronchodilation. B. Long-acting beta agonists are indicated to relieve acute attack symptoms. C. Reliever medications are used to stop an asthma attack once it has started. D. Control therapy medications are used to prevent asthma attacks from occurring. E. Control therapy medications are used to reduce airway responsiveness.

C, D, E

Occupational exposure to which material increases a person's risk for lung cancer? A. Copper B. Chlorine C. Citric acid D. Chromium

D

The patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) reports increased difficulty sleeping, eating, and dressing and has trouble walking even short distances. Which part of the admission assessment will the nurse do next? A. Initiates oxygen therapy at a rate of 2 L/min with a nasal cannula B. Addresses the remaining questions to the patient's family members C. Assists the patient to put on a hospital gown and lie down as quickly as possible D. Asks the patient to sit on the edge of the bed and lean forward over the bedside table

D

Which action would the nurse take when performing an admission assessment on a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is admitted for treatment of pneumonia and exhibits pursed-lip breathing? A. Administer supplemental oxygen. B. Request a prescription for a chest x-ray. C. Notify the health care provider of the patient's status. D. Note the breathing pattern, and continue the assessment.

D

Which best describes the pathophysiology involved in a patient who has asthma as a lower respiratory disease? A. Genetic variation in the gene that controls the normal synthesis and activity of beta-adrenergic receptors B. Chronic yet usually intermittent body response that can lead to night-time awakening with respiratory symptoms C. Collapse of the walls of bronchioles and alveolar air sacs secondary to lung proteases leading to airway structures D. Airway obstruction secondary to inflammation and/or bronchoconstriction secondary to airway hyperresponsiveness

D

Which blood oxygen saturation percentage (SpO2) would the nurse set as a target for oxygen therapy for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is hypoxemic and hypercarbic? A. 75% B. 100% C. 85% D. 90%

D

Which chemical is responsible for a prolonged inflammatory response, leading to airway obstruction? A. Kinins B. Heparin C. Histamine D. Leukotriene

D

Which diagnosis will the nurse anticipate for a patient with chronic respiratory symptoms who has an initial decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), but an increase in FEV1 of 5% after treatment with a bronchodilator medication? A. Asthma B. Bronchitis C. Pneumonia D. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

D

Which instruction would be beneficial to an asthmatic patient who is allergic to pollen and is prescribed cromolyn sodium, but the patient reports that it does not help relieve symptoms during an asthma attack? A. "Include an exercise program in your daily life to improve your health." B. "Refrain from exposure to allergens that will aggravate the allergic reaction." C. "Use proper technique while inhaling the drug for maximum effectiveness." D. "Use cromolyn sodium on a routine basis to prevent an asthma attack, not as a rescue inhaler."

D

Which intervention to facilitate adequate caloric intake for a patient who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is included in the plan of care? A. Administer bronchodilator medications after meals. B. Recommend a high-calorie, high-carbohydrate diet. C. Include high-calorie protein drinks as part of each meal. D. Encourage frequent rest periods, especially before meals.

D

Which laboratory value would the nurse report to the primary care provider for a patient taking cyclophosphamide? A. Hemoglobin (Hgb) 15 g/dL B. Platelets 175,000/µL C. White blood cell count 5000/µc D. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 50 units/L

D

Which pain medication will the nurse anticipate the health care provider will recommend for a patient with asthma who reports having chronic pain? A. Aspirin B. Ibuprofen C. Hydrocodone D. Acetaminophen

D

Which priority action will the nurse perform in the postoperative period for a patient with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who has undergone lung reduction surgery? A. Control the patient's anxiety levels by staying away from crowds. B. Control the patient's diet so that cough-stimulating foods are avoided. C. Monitor the patient's weight and other indicators of nutrition such as serum albumin. D. Monitor the patient's oxygen saturation levels continuously, and use the incentive spirometer.

D

Which quality of sputum may occur if bleeding from a cancerous tumor in the lung is present? A. Thick B. Minimal C. Purulent D. Pink-tinged

D

Which recommendation will the nurse give to a patient with asthma who reports being afraid to begin an aerobic exercise program because exercise sometimes triggers asthma symptoms? A. Participating in a stretching and light calisthenics program instead B. Avoiding aerobic exercise because it will make symptoms worse C. Using oral corticosteroids to prevent severe asthma symptoms D. Premedicating with a short-acting beta-adrenergic (SABA) medication before exercise

D

Which response is best when a patient asks the nurse how montelukast helps asthma? A. "It is a monoclonal antibody that decreases the body's allergic response." B. "It is a corticosteroid that decreases inflammatory and immune responses in the airways." C. "It is a cholinergic antagonist that opens your airway and decreases lung secretions." D. "It prevents the synthesis of leukotrienes that can cause bronchoconstriction and inflammation."

D

Which statement made by the nurse would benefit the patient who has been diagnosed with asthma a few months ago and is using a salmeterol inhaler as a reliever therapy, but has no relief from the symptoms? A. "Use oral prednisone during an acute asthma attack." B. "Use the salmeterol inhaler when you have an asthma attack." C. "Use the fluticasone inhaler when you have an asthma attack." D. "Use a short-acting inhaler such as albuterol for reliever therapy."

D

Which statement regarding the growth and spread of lung cancer requires correction? A. "Lung cancer can spread to other tissues, including bone." B. "Tumors can grow so large they can compress the airway." C. "Metastasis can occur through the blood but not through respiration." D. "Lung cancer can spread only to lung lymph nodes but not distant lymph nodes."

D

Which symptom is specific for asthma compared with other chronic lung disorders? A. The patient is coughing. B. The patient has dyspnea. C. It affects only young people. D. The patient is symptom-free between exacerbations.

D

Which symptom would be found in a patient with respiratory muscle fatigue? A. Silent chest on auscultation B. Slow breathing with deep respirations C. Respiratory rate of 25 to 35 breaths/min D. Sucked-in abdominal wall during inspiration

D

Which topic is most important for the nurse to include when reviewing asthma management with an older-adult patient? A. Frequent peak flow assessments B. Need to reduce strenuous exercise C. Increased use of rescue medications D. Correct use of controller medications

D

Which topic will the nurse include when teaching a patient who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about the need to prevent respiratory infections? A. Consuming a well-balanced diet B. Reporting runny nose and cough C. Avoiding exposure to cold weather D. Getting an annual influenza vaccine

D

Which statement by the parents of a child with asthma indicates a need for further teaching? Select all that apply. A. "Our child will not eat food containing metabisulfite." B. "If our child's lips or fingertips turn gray, we will go to the hospital." C. "Our child should not take aspirin, ibuprofen, acebutolol, or betaxolol unless recommended by our health care provider." D. "After 30 minutes of exercise, our child will use the bronchodilator." E. "We will wash all of our child's bedding in cold water."

D, E