Pysch Final Exam Student Generated Questions

_____ studies observe individual cases of interest to help find information. These cases tend to come from situations that would be unmoral to create within an actual psychology study.

Case

Implicit memories (i.e. riding a bike) are stored in the:

Cerebellum

Pat eats lunch with Griffin Monday through Friday. Pat decides it would be fun to conduct an experiment on Griffin. Every day he orders a particularly smelly fish dish, and as it, and its aroma, arrive, he shoots a rubber band at Griffin causing him to flinch. This continues for several weeks and Griffin surprisingly continues to come despite the rubber banding. Patrick once again orders the fish dish and as soon as it arrives Griffin flinches, even though no rubber bands were fired. What type of conditioning is this?

Classical Conditioning

When I walk my dog Abbey every morning, she knows to head to the door when she sees me grab my coat. Why does this happen?

Cognitive learning

I am in the process of trying to classically condition Ravi to freak out every time he sees me, so every time I see him I taser him. The taser is the ___:

Conditioned Stimulus

In which order does visual information reach the brain to be processed?

Cones and rods ----> bipolar cells ----> ganglion cells ----> optic nerve ----> thalamus ---> occipital lobe/visual cortex

Which level of Moral Reasoning would the thinking "follow the rules because we get along better with everyone" fall under?

Conventional Morality

A young child named Bill was kept in a closet from age 1 till age 9, he had little contact with the outside world other than occasionally looking out the window. He was found greatly deprived of nutrients and unable to speak or interact socially. He missed the_____, and as a result will never fully gain proper social and cognitive skills.

Critical period

When Sally is young, she learns that by supporting herself on her legs, she can walk. This is a period that is essential for Sally to grow. What period is Sally in?

Critical period

Which of the following is NOT a way to experience trauma that would result in being diagnosed with Post traumatic stress disorder? A. Directly experiencing the traumatic event B. Witnessing the traumatic event C. Learning that it happened to a family member or close friend D. All the above could result in being diagnosed with post traumatic stress disorder

D. All of the above could result in being diagnosed with PTSD

Which one of these is NOT in the four categories of stressors: catastrophes, significant life changes, death in the family, or chronic daily hassles?

Death in the family

Which of the following is NOT an example of the parasympathetic nervous system at work: pupil constriction, stomach contraction, the "fight or flight" instinct, or decreased heart rate?

Decreased heart rate

When a neuron sends a message to another neuron, it has recently undergone what process?

Depolarization

What disorder was formerly known as "Multiple Personality Disorder"?

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Paige smokes meth, which hormones will be triggered as a response?

Dopamine

Cassandra is a known Schizophrenic and that ultimately explains why she's a little off sometimes. To help her symptoms out, she is on medication. Knowing that people with schizophrenia has excess amount of dopamine, what best type of medication should she be taking?

Dopamine competitive antagonist

A graduate student wants to study the activity levels of a depressed person's brain for a study, but is unsure which scan would best fit her needs. Which of the following should she use: MRI, EEG, PET, or a polaroid camera?

EEG (electroencephalogram)

During adolescence, what carries the most weight in a decision?

Emotion

John saw news about the recent earthquake occurred in Ecuador. The news reported that the death toll from the earthquake has gone over 570 people, and there are more people to be rescued and to be found. After watching the news, John reminded of another recent earthquake occurred in Japan in earlier March. The earthquake in Japan brought about 9 deaths. However, his emotion towards the death of 9 people in Japan and the death of 570 in Ecuador was not too different. How can a psychological study can make statement on John's emotion?

Emotionally, John would have the same emotions if 9 people died instead of 570. Natural disasters cause us to emotionally plateau.

What are the three stages of memory?

Encoding, Storage, & Retrieval

John and Josh are both premed majors at Miami University. When asked why they chose to go into medicine, John replies "Because I'll be filthy rich!" while Josh says "I just love to help people." John is showing _________ motivation, while Josh is showing ________ motivation.

Extrinsic; Intrinsic

You have been chosen to go on American Idol. Assume you want to be on the show, and that you also want to go far, win, and be remembered. When would you you prefer to go in the singer line up throughout the competition, based on what you've learned about the Serial Position Effect. In the middle, first, last, or first/last

First or last

My friend Kyle asks me directions on how to get to garden commons, which I give. After I give him the directions he asks me to walk a little way with him to make sure that he does not get lost. In the end, I take them all the way to to the dining hall. What phenomenon does this describe?

Foot-in-the-door phenomenon (?)

Which of the following is NOT true about GABA (Gamma-Aminobutyricacid) Neurotransmitters: a major inhibitory neurotransmitters, a major excitatory neurotransmitters, undersupply of GABA is linked to seizures, or insomnia, or alcohol is GABA agonist?

GABA is NOT a major excitatory neurotransmitter

Since starting college, you've watched your friend Ryan become gradually more and more stressed out in his classes. 6 months into your freshman year, Ryan hardly sleeps, he's constantly worked up, tense, and fidgety, and you have even watched him hastily get up and leave the room during class to collect himself and refocus. You are currently in an intro-level psych class (so you obviously have the credentials to diagnose your friend). Based on his observable symptoms, you believe that Ryan may MOST LIKELY suffer from:

GAD (Generalized Anxiety Disorder)

I've classically conditioned my dog to backflip any time someone rings the doorbell, but now he backflips whenever he hears the microwave or a cellphone go off. This is an example of ___:

Generalization

All of these are negative symptoms of schizophrenia, except: avolition, hallucinations, alogia, or catatonia?

Hallucinations (they are positive)

What are the three bones of the middle ear?

Hammer, stirrup, anvil

Paige recently got into a car accident where she was diagnosed with a concussion. However, she has been unable to eat ever since to accident. What else most likely happened to her in the accident?

Her lateral hypothalamus was damaged, causing her to never want to eat.

My friend Tom appears to have lost his sense of appetite. What is which of these is most likely the cause: A. His lateral hypothalamus was damaged B. His ventromedial hypothalamus was damaged C. His lateral hypothalamus was stimulated D. His limbic system is malfunctioning

His lateral hypothalamus was damaged

Kyle is really hungry and when he looks at a bag of chips it appears closer to him than it is, this is because of...

His perception

Receptors throughout the digestive system monitor levels of glucose and send signals to the:

Hypothalamus

What is not a symptom of Major Depressive Disorder: changes in appetite or weight, loss of energy, increased brain activity, or thoughts of death/suicide?

Increased brain activity

If the left hemisphere of Paige's brain is damaged as compared to the right hemisphere, what aspect of her life would be most affected?

Language

Your friend seems to be very aggressive and wants to wrestle with you after you both watched a violent film. This is an example of :

Latent learning (?)

For the last two weeks Bob has been finding less pleasure in things he used to be really interested in, and has had a pretty low mood compared to how he normally feels. What disorder would he be diagnosed with?

MDD (Major Depressive Disorder)

Jeff just got accepted to Princeton on a scholarship. His friend, Adam, thinks that it was destined to happen because Jeff's parents are both very intelligent, and work at a local engineering firm. Jeff's neighbor, Olga, thinks that the high-quality schools Jeff attended growing up caused his academic success. In the classic "Nature vs. Nurture" argument, Adam is arguing on the side of _______ while Olga is arguing ________.

Nature; Nurture

Psychologists studying the effect of alcohol on college students found that as the number of hours spent drinking increased, the average GPA fell. What kind of a relationship is this?

Negative

Little Johnny just got in trouble with his parents for breaking the cookie jar that was sitting on the counter. His parents decide to take his favorite video game system away from him for a week to teach him a lesson. What kind of reinforcement or punishment did Little Johnny's parents use?

Negative punishment

Zachary, a second grader, hit a classmate and was sent to the principals office. The principal told Zac that he will be calling his parents and will not be able to go out for recess. This is an example of?

Negative punishment

Professor Lloyd wants her students to do 20 push-ups each, at the beginning of class (for a week), in an effort to make her students realize that they need to be lean for the summer. She decides to use her psych skills to make the process more effective. So, she plays an annoying sound track before the class begins and tells her students that she will stop the sound track once everyone completes the 20 push-up routine. What psychological phenomenon is she trying to enforce?

Negative reinforcement

Which of these drugs is NOT a depressant: Alcohol, opiates, barbiturates, or nicotine?

Nicotine

In which stage of sleep do hallucinations occur?

Non-REM 1

John was walking home from class and accidentally fell into one of the sidewalk grates that was left open. He now can't see, even though his eyes are perfectly fine. Which of the following was most likely damaged when he fell?

Occipital lobe

Nathaniel Anderson walks through a hardware store when he takes a whiff of the distinct smell of glue, which takes him back to his 1st grade classroom. Why did this smell have such a strong link with his memory?

Olfaction travels to the temporal lobe and the limbic system

Seaworld has a history of using ______ to train Orca whales. They use this method by rewarding the whales with food after doing a desired task or trick. This type of learning is called?

Operant Conditioning

Paige has fetishism, which is a sexual fascination with nonliving objects. This is an example of a...

Paraphilia

For the past two weeks Patrick has been studying day and night for his final exams. Patrick has sacrificed many hours of sleep and is severely sleep deprived because of this. From the sleep debt Patrick has accumulated over the past two weeks which of the following will occur: A. Patrick will enter Rem Sleep faster and for a shorter time B. Patrick will enter Rem Sleep slower and for a longer time C. Patrick will enter Rem Sleep faster and for a longer time D. Patrick will enter Rem Sleep slower and for a shorter time

Patrick will reach REM sleep faster and for a shorter time.

Adam's parents typically have few demands of him and hardly ever punish him. Their parenting style is which of the following:

Permissive

You're in the grocery store and you hear an ear-piercing scream from a toddler that's throwing a temper tantrum. Every time the child cries his mother gives him a piece of candy, and he stops crying. What type of operant conditioning is the CHILD experiencing?

Positive Reinforcement

During the resting state of a neuron, the selectively permeable membrane dictates that:

Positive ions won't enter

Chris steals from the rich and gives the stolen things to the poor and needy. What level of Kohlberg's Moral Reasoning is he following?

Post-conventional

Carla is a first-grade student in Mrs. Smith's class. At the beginning of the year, Mrs. Smith told her students the rules of the classroom, one of these being that you cannot take candy from her jar without asking. One day, Carla has the perfect opportunity to steal candy from the jar. However, Carla remembers that Mrs. Smith also said that if you were caught taking candy without asking, you would get a time out, so Carla does not take the candy. Which of Kohlberg's levels of reasoning is Carla demonstrating?

Pre-conventional morality

Paige saw that Bryan was texting during lecture. To try and prevent this behavior Paige decides to punish Bryan. Which tactic would be most successful when punishing Bryan..... A. Punish Bryan severely several weeks after B. Punish Bryan severely before the next class C. Punish Bryan right after class, not focusing on the severity D. Do not respond to Bryan's actions at all

Punish Bryan right after class, not focusing on the severity

In her lab, Paige randomly samples ten males and ten females to take a personality test to see which gender is more likely to be extroverted. This is a type of ______

Quasi Experiment

Which stage of sleep can result in the occurrence of dreaming?

REM sleep

A researcher wants to design a true experiment. He will ______ _____ his participants to different groups in order for his experiment to be able to claim causality.

Randomly Assign

What are the three stages of sensation (in order)?

Reception, transformation/transduction, transmission

Selecting the answer to this multiple-choice question uses what form of working memory?

Recognition memory

You just got a new promotion at your work and you're super psyched. You go to tell you friends only to find out one of them has also got a promotion at his job, making more money than your promotion offers and suddenly you feel not as happy about it. This is best an example of:

Relative Deprivation

You are trying to recall the name of a really good restaurant uptown you ate at last night with friends, but you can't seem to remember it. It's on the tip of your tongue but you just can't seem to get it out. This type of forgetting is called:

Retrieval Failure

As a baby, Paige demonstrated a reflex in which she turned to face audiological and visual stimuli, and would make sucking motions in response to stimulation of the lips or cheeks. This is an example of what?

Rooting Reflex

A young man approaches a couple, (Ben and Sally), and begins to show them a magic trick. Eventually the young man successfully pulls a cute rabbit out of his top hat. In amazement both Ben and Sally respond with excited and pleasant facial responses. Who is more likely to express greater emotion after seeing the cute rabbit, Ben or Sally?

Sally will express more facial response because women generally express greater emotion in their facial reactions.

Which disorder can be characterized by "word salad", and the thought of imminent death?

Schizophrenia

The core of personality, the organizer and reservoir of our thoughts, feelings, actions, choices, and attitudes refers to ___:

Self

When Emily was a toddler, she accidentally put her hand on the stove and was burned. This left a profound effect on Emily and she never touched the stove again. What period is Emily in?

Sensitive period

You recently got into an accident and somehow you suffered no exterior physical injuries. However, your hearing has been compromised. After a detailed examination, you doctor says you need a cochlear implant. What type of hearing loss is your doctor trying to rectify?

Sensorineural hearing loss

A women named Jan very recently developed heavy symptoms of loneliness and ostracism that activated her Anterior Cingulate Cortex. What could Jan take/use to reduce her pain?

Tylenol or marijuana

A friend of yours loves food and wanted to have the ability to eat as much as they want in excess amounts. To do this they removed their:

Ventromedial Hypothalamus

Which of the following is NOT a part of the two-track visual system: Visual evaluation track, visual perception track, visual action track, or all of the above are part of the visual system?

Visual evaluation track

Which of the following would NOT be an example of a Depressant: Heroin, alcohol, meth, or morphine?

meth

If a patient was diagnosed with depression and was prescribed drugs to help feel better, what type of drug would they likely take?

seratonin reuptake inhibitor

_____ is when someone can unconsciously perceive visual information with their environment even though they are consciously blind and cannot see.

Blind-sight

What is not part of the criteria for someone to have Bipolar 1 disorder: A. It has to have a manic and depressive episode B. Manic episode has to last at least a week C. Consists of at least 3 manic symptoms D. Severely impacts someone's life

A. It has to have a manic and depressive episode

Josh has been having trouble hearing things lately and his parents are forcing him to go get checked out. He is always listening to his music on full volume, and it has been taking a toll on his hearing. While getting checked, he puts on a pair of headphones and the person administering the test plays tones at different frequencies to see if Josh can hear them. If he is able to hear them, he is supposed to give a thumbs up. The test is to see if Josh is able to hear these tones at least 50% of the time. What psychological phenomenon is being tested?

Absolute Threshold

Patrick is very stressed about the upcoming Psych exam, based on what you know about stress reactivity based on sex, how do you think Patrick will deal with this stress?

Alcohol

Which of the following can culture influence: identity, sexual motivation, or behavior?

All of the above

Charlie experienced the traffic accident and his brain was damaged and he had surgery. After that, he has trouble forming and showing emotion and he never feels fear, which part of his brain has damaged?

Amygdala

Griffin was recently in a bad automobile accident where he hit his head against the dashboard upon impact. After leaving the hospital, Griffin started doing things that he knows he wouldn't normally do; for example, he calmly pick up a spider and placed it outside, even though in the past he couldn't stand to even be in the same room as a spider. What portion of the brain has most likely been damaged?

Amygdala

Billy went to his doctor because he was constantly in a low mood and he did not want to do anything that he had loved to do before. His doctor suggest he take a prescription drug for his problem. What type of drug should be prescribed?

Anti-depressant

Paige has had a patient come to her with a problem dealing with depression. The patient has tried all sorts of drugs to help cope with the depression but nothing is working. The patient has said that she only leaves her dorm to go to class and is very closed off from the rest of the world. Paige decides to try get her patient to do a therapeutic lifestyle change. What is NOT one of the goals of a therapeutic lifestyle change: A. Getting 7 to 8 hours of sleep each night to increase energy and alertness B. Avoid getting light exposure to decrease arousal C. Exercising for at least 30 minutes a day to stimulate endorphins D. Have less alone time and at least 2 meaningful social engagements a week

B. Avoid getting light exposure to decrease arousal

Which of the following can be classified as an obsession for someone diagnosed with OCD: A. washing hands excessively B. consistently fearing that someone will break into their house C. organizing their cookie jars in order of shortest to tallest D. flipping the light switch a certain amount of times before getting into bed

B. Consistently fearing that someone will break into their house

I forced my friend Julia to smile during formal chapter, for our sorority, because I knew she was not happy and did not want to be there. When I forced her to smile she started to see formal chapter as more of an entertaining experience. What best fits this scenario?

Behavior Feedback Effect

Recently Paige has had compulsions to consume large amounts of food but after she does so, she feels very guilty and depressed. What eating disorder could Paige be diagnosed with?

Binge-Eating Disorder

A patient has just been admitted to the hospital here in Oxford, due to a type of psychological disorder that they possess. They have been meeting with a clinical psychologist for the past couple of weeks, but their symptoms just continue to progress. For the past 2 weeks, the patient has had a persistently elevated mood, followed by inflated self-esteem, a decreased need for sleep, and a tendency to be involved in a numerous number of risky activities. The patient then went through a major depressive episode following this. What type of psychological disorder most closely resembles this?

Bipolar I

Tom has been a sports minded person all of his life. In high school, Tom was a three sport athlete, and was very successful. He was recognized as being an All-Conference participant in all three sports, and he really had a hard time deciding if he wanted to play a sport in college. He has always had the dream of becoming a doctor, and knowing he was going to be pursuing a rigorous pre-medical track, he decided to focus solely on school. Tom did decide to get involved in intramurals here at Miami though. He plays in the baseball league every year, and is having the time of his life. During the first practice of the year, Tom put on his baseball hat, and he noticed it was a little too tight on his head. After a few minutes though, he noticed that he started to get used to it, and it felt like he wasn't even wearing a hat anymore. What psychological phenomenon does this best represent?

Sensory Adaptation

Alogia (A negative symptom of Schizophrenia) is defined by which one of the following: inability to sense emotions, delusions, speaking less or not at all, or little or no motivation?

Speaking less or not at all.

Peter went to the football game with his friends. They support team A, and another people support team B. At the end of the game, team A lost the game with 0:1. Peter and his friends are angry and they fight with another people who support team B. Which theory describe this behavior?

Spillover Effect

CJ randomly selects 50 participants that complain of frequent headaches and randomly assigns them to two groups. One is a acetaminophen 500mg group, and the other is a placebo group. He gives a pill to each of them on their request, but gives a real one to 25 of them, and a fake one to 25 of them. What is the independent variable?

Strength of pill

Which of the following is true of taste: A. It is the only sense besides vision the does not adapt B. It is the only sense that does not go through the thalamus C. There are five regions of the tongue that correlate with taste D. Taste is a chemical sense

Taste is a chemical sense

Joe wants to perform a study. So next time he is at Brick, he observes the behavior of 15 random guys based on the color of their shirt. Five are wearing red, five are wearing green, and five are wearing blue. He wants to see if the color of a man's shirt will predict how good he is at getting girls' numbers. Given this information, what the independent variable in his experiment?

The color of the shirts

Extinction happens when..

The conditioned response is diminished.

Jerry is a rather large individual who recently went to his doctor for a check up. The doctor told him to try to watch his weight. Which of the following things would the doctor most likely have told Jerry to help him watch his weight: start taking weight pills, try to avoid going to buffets, if he does go to buffet put all of his food on separate plates, or the last two?

The last two

A sound is played 10 times and you only here it 4 times. Why is this?

The sound is above your absolute threshold

Which of the following is NOT true about experiencing an emotion of happiness: A. Some of the ways to increase your happiness is to look beyond wealth for satisfaction, or to find activities that makes you by doing so. B. There is no correlation between genetic basis and happiness, therefore, genetic basis cannot be a predisposition of happiness. C. Money seems to buy happiness, only when it lifts people out of an extreme poverty D. Happiness is located in between the pleasant/positive and high arousal dimension

There IS a correlation between genetic basis and happiness, therefore, genetic basis CAN be a predisposition of happiness.

What is the difference between an internal and external locus of control?

Those who have internal believe they control their own destiny, while those who have external believe in forces outside of their control that decide their fate.

If an experiment has randomly assigned participants it is a

True Experiment

Which is not a contributor to the Bystander Effect: diffusion of responsibility, conformity, rationalization of inaction, or altruism?

altruism

What lobe of the brain controls muscle movements?

frontal lobe

Which method can describe brain's function and structure?

fMRI (Functional MRI)