questions assessment of muscular skeletal

The homecare nurse is evaluating the musculoskeletal system of a geriatric patient whose previous assessment was within normal limits. The nurse initiates a call to the health care provider and/or emergency services when which of the following changes are found? a) Decreased agility b) Increased joint stiffness c) Decreased flexibility d) Decreased right-sided muscle strength

877-6971183d) Decreased right-sided muscle strength

client with a sports injury undergoes a diagnostic arthroscopy of the left knee. Which of the following comments by the client following the procedure should the nurse address first? a) "My toes are numb." b) "My foot is swollen." c) "My feet are cold." d) "My knee aches."

a) "My toes are numb."

The nurse is evaluating a patient's peripheral neurovascular status. Which of the following should the nurse report to the health care provider as a circulatory indicator of peripheral neurovascular dysfunction? a) Cool skin b) Weakness c) Paresthesia d) Paralysis

a) Cool skin

Which of the following is a characteristic of fracture pain? a) Piercing b) Sore c) Deep d) Dull

a) Piercing

The older client asks the nurse how best to maintain strong bones. The best response by the nurse is: a) "Range of motion exercises build bone mass." b) "Weight-bearing exercises can strengthen bones." c) "Weight-resistance exercises can strengthen bones." d) "Cardio-training is the best way to build bones."

b) "Weight-bearing exercises can strengthen bones."

A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration? a) An arthroscopy b) An electromyography c) A serum calcium test d) A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

b) An electromyography

A client has undergone arthroscopy. After the procedure, the site where the arthroscope was inserted is covered with a bulky dressing. The client's entire leg is also elevated without flexing the knee. What is the appropriate nursing intervention required in caring for a client who has undergone arthroscopy? a) Apply warm compresses to the insertion site. b) Apply a cold pack at the insertion site. c) Assist with performing ROM exercises. d) Provide a gentle massage.

b) Apply a cold pack at the insertion site.

Which hormone inhibits bone reabsorption and increases calcium deposit in the bone? a) Growth hormone b) Calcitonin c) Vitamin D d) Sex hormones

b) Calcitonin

The nurse is conducting an admission history of a client admitted with a fracture. The nurse recognizes that which of the client's medications placed the client at risk for fractures? a) digoxin (Lanoxin) b) prednisone (Deltasone) c) metoprolol (Lopressor) d) furosemide (Lasix)

b) prednisone (Deltasone)

Which of the following is an indicator of neurovascular compromise? a) Warm skin temperature b) Pain on active stretch c) Capillary refill of more than 3 seconds d) Diminished pain

c) Capillary refill of more than 3 seconds

After a fracture, during which stage or phase of bone healing is devitalized tissue removed and new bone reorganized into its former structural arrangement? a) Reparative b) Revascularization c) Inflammation d) Remodeling

d) Remodeling

Which medication taken by the client in the previous 24 hours would be of greatest concern to the nurse caring for a client undergoing a bone biopsy? a) digoxin b) furosemide c) NPH insulin d) aspirin

d) aspirin

The emergency room nurse is reporting the location of a fracture to the client's primary care physician. When stating the location of the fracture on the long shaft of the femur, the nurse would be most correct to state which terminology locating the fractured site? a) The fracture is on the diaphysis. b) The fracture is on the epiphyses. c) The fracture is ventrally located. d) The fracture is on the tuberosity.

a) The fracture is on the diaphysis.

Which of the following is a neurovascular problem caused by pressure within a muscle area that increases to such an extent that microcirculation diminishes? a) Remodeling b) Compartment syndrome c) Hypertrophy d) Fasciculation

b) Compartment syndrome

Which of the following would be a circulatory indicator of peripheral neurovascular dysfunction? a) Weakness b) Cool skin c) Paralysis d) Paresthesia

b) Cool skin

A patient is diagnosed with a fracture of a diarthrosis joint. The nurse knows that an example of this type of joint is the: a) Symphysis pubis. b) Elbow. c) Fifth thoracic vertebrae. d) Skull.

b) Elbow

What is the term for a lateral curving of the spine? a) pphysis b) Scoliosis c) Diaphysis d) Lordosis

b) Scoliosis

A patient has a fracture that is being treated with open rigid compression plate fixation devices. How will the progress of bone healing be monitored? a) The bone will heal on its own without intervention. b) Serial x-rays c) Remove the plate and determine if the bone is growing back. d) Arthroscopy

b) Serial x-rays

The nurse observes the client and notes a shuffling gait. The nurse recognizes this finding is consistent with: a) Paget's disease b) Scoliosis c) Parkinson's disease d) Lower motor neuron disease

c) Parkinson's disease

The nurse working in the orthopedic surgeon's office is asked to schedule a shoulder arthrography. The nurse determines that the surgeon suspects which of the following findings? a) Fracture of the clavicle b) Injury to the radial nerve c) Tear in the joint capsule d) Decreased bone density

c) Tear in the joint capsule

Which of the following is an age-related change to the musculoskeletal system? a) Increased elasticity of tendons b) Decrease in collagen c) Thickening of the vertebral discs d) Loss of bone mass

d) Loss of bone mass

Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for a client who has undergone arthrography? a) Report joint crackling or clicking noises occurring after the second day. b) Avoid sunlight or harsh, dry climate. c) Avoid intake of dairy products. d) Gently massage joints with any crackling or clicking joint noises.

a) Report joint crackling or clicking noises occurring after the second day.

Which serum level indicates the rate of bone turnover? a) Aspartate aminotransferase b) Osteocalcin c) Myoglobin d) Creatinine kinase

b) Osteocalcin

A 10-year-old boy who was brought to the emergency room after a skiing accident is diagnosed with a fracture of the distal end of the femur. The nurse understands that this type of fracture is significant because: a) Osteoblast formation will stop during the time needed for fracture healing. b) Potential growth problems may result from damage to the hhyseal plate. c) Periosteal blood vessels will be damaged, thus compromising blood flow to the compact bone. d) Red blood cell production will be temporarily reduced because of the damage to the medullar cavity.

b) Potential growth problems may result from damage to the epiphyseal plate.

Skull sutures are an example of which type of joint? a) Amphiarthrosis b) Synarthrosis c) Diarthrosis d) Aponeuroses

b) Synarthrosis

The nurse reading a patient's chart notices that the patient is documented to have paresthesia. The nurse plans care for a patient with which of the following? a) Absence of muscle movement suggesting nerve damage b) Involuntary twitch of muscle fibers c) Abnormal sensations d) Absence of muscle tone

c) Abnormal sensations

The primary functions of cartilage are to reduce friction between articular surfaces, absorb shocks, and reduce stress on joint surfaces. Where in the human body would you expect to find cartilage? a) Between the vertebrae b) Covering elbow joints c) All options are correct. d) Between the ribs

c) All options are correct.

A patient is diagnosed with a fracture of a diarthrosis joint. The nurse knows that an example of this type of joint is the: a) Skull. b) Symphysis pubis. c) Fifth thoracic vertebrae. d) Elbow.

d) Elbow.

Which assessment finding would cause the nurse to suspect compartment syndrome in the client following a bone biopsy? a) Capillary refill < 3 seconds b) Toes move freely without pain c) Bounding dorsalis pedis pulses d) Increased diameter of the calf

d) Increased diameter of the calf

After a person experiences a closure of the epiphyses, which statement is true? a) The bone grows in length but not thickness. b) The bone increases in thickness and is remodeled. c) Both bone length and thickness continue to increase. d) No further increase in bone length occurs.

d) No further increase in bone length occurs.

An instructor is describing the process of bone development. Which of the following would the instructor describe as being responsible for the process of ossification? a) Cancellous bone b) Osteoclasts c) Cortical bone d) Osteoblasts

d) Osteoblasts

A 16-year-old patient is seen in the emergency room for a knee injury that happened during a basketball game. Diagnostic tests reveal torn cords of fibrous connective tissue that connect muscles to bones. The nurse knows that the patient had sustained a tear of the: a) Tendon. b) Ligament. c) Bursa. d) Fascia.

a) Tendon.

The nurse would expect which of the following diagnostic tests to be ordered for a patient with lower extremity muscle weakness? a) Arthrocentesis b) Bone scan c) Electromyograph (EMG) d) Biopsy

c) Electromyograph (EMG)

A patient has had a stroke and is unable to move the right upper and lower extremity. During assessment the nurse picks up the arm and it is limp and without tone. How would the nurse document this finding? a) Atonic b) Rigidity c) Flaccidity d) Tetanic

c) Flaccidity

A client undergoes an arthroscopy at the outpatient clinic. After the procedure, the nurse provides discharge teaching. Which response by the client indicates the need for further teaching? a) "Elevating my leg will reduce swelling after the procedure." b) "I may notice some bruising or swelling in my knee." c) "My physician may prescribe pain pills after the procedure." d) "I should use my heating pad this evening to reduce some of the pain in my knee

d) "I should use my heating pad this evening to reduce some of the pain in my knee

A patient is scheduled for a procedure that will allow the physician to visualize the knee joint in order to diagnose the patient's pain. What procedure will the nurse prepare the patient for? a) Arthrocentesis b) Bone scan c) Electromyography d) Arthroscopy

d) Arthroscopy

Which of the following describes a muscle that is limp and without tone? a) Paralysis b) Atonic c) Spastic d) Flaccid

d) Flaccid

A nurse practitioner assesses a patient's movement in his left hand after a cast is removed. The nurse asks the patient to turn his wrist so the palm of his hand is facing up. This movement is known as: a) Extension. b) Supination. c) Pronation. d) Eversion.

b) Supination.

The nurse is conducting the admission assessment for the client who is to undergo an arthrogram. What is the priority question the nurse should ask? a) "Are you claustrophobic?" b) "When did you last eat?" c) "Do you have any allergies?" d) "When did you last urinate?"

c) "Do you have any allergies?"

The nurse is providing care to a client following a knee arthroscopy. Which of the following would the nurse expect to include in the client's plan of care? a) Administering the prescribed analgesic. b) Applying warm packs to the insertion site. c) Maintaining the client's NPO status. d) Keeping the affected knee flexed.

a) Administering the prescribed analgesic.

The nurse is creating a teaching plan for a 65-year-old woman on prevention of osteoporosis. The nurse should include which of the following on the teaching plan? Select all that apply. a) Increased consumption of low-fat milk b) Daily intake of 1,000 IU of vitamin D c) Increased consumption of fish d) Daily intake of 800 mg of calcium

a) Increased consumption of low-fat milk b) Daily intake of 1,000 IU of vitamin D c) Increased consumption of fish

Which of the following terms refers to the shaft of the long bone? a) Diaphysis b) Lordosis c) Scoliosis d) Epiphysis

a) Diaphysis

A nurse understands the influence of hormones on bone maintenance. Therefore, the nurse knows that a patient on long-term cortisol may experience: a) Accelerated bone modeling. b) Increased bone resorption. c) Inhibition of osteoclasts. d) Increased deposits of calcium in the bone.

b) Increased bone resorption.

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult patient and observes the patient has an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. What does the nurse understand this common finding is known as? a) Lordosis b) Kyphosis c) Osteoporosis d) Scoliosis

b) Kyphosis

A client experiences a musculoskeletal injury that involves the structure that connects a muscle to the bone. The nurse understands that this injury involves which of the following? a) Ligament b) Tendon c) Cartilage d) Joint

b) Tendon

What is the term for a rhythmic contraction of a muscle? a) Atrophy b) Crepitus c) Clonus d) Hypertrophy

c) Clonus