Quiz 1 & 2

Which concepts are NOT considered a core feature/expectation of cloud computing?

-Dedicated resources -Physically isolated -Capital Expense Heavy

EC2

AWS' cloud computing offering

Which of the following are emerging industry trends affect most Enterprise IT organizations today?

- DevOps - Software Defined Infrastructure - Cloud Computing

NAT (Network Address Translation)

Converts a public IP address to a private one and vice versa

Compare and contrast Incident and Problem Management.

Incident Management is more focused on creating a quick fix to restore services at the moment so as not to impact business operations, like an unplanned interruption of a service. Priority here would be attempting to get things working as fast as possible. Problem Management would then be attempting to fix such issues from ever occurring again or at the least minimizing the affects of problems which cannot be prevented. Priority here would be creating a solution to an issue.

Hybrid Cloud

Refers to a cloud computing model where services are offered by both third-party vendors and corporate/enterprise IT

Framework

Software providing generic functionality to ease the burden of common programming tasks

SAN (storage area network)

a high-speed network with the sole purpose of providing storage to other attached servers; Storage infrastructure consisting of a dedicated network (typically fiber channel) and storage devices

Which of the following statements are true about networking concepts?

- A layer 3 firewall is basically a router with special software to drops packets based on definitions provided - A layer 4 conversation requires five unique values (Src IP/port, Dest IP/port & protocol) - Using a VLAN, a broadcast domain (subnet) can span multiple Ethernet switches

Which of the following statements are considered IT Troubleshooting steps?

- Devise the best approach to address the problem - Isolate the cause of the problem - Verify that a problem actually exists - Ensure a clear understanding of the problem and its history

Which of the following statements are considered IT Troubleshooting principles?

- Do not make things worse - Suppress any assumptions - Use reductive problem isolation techniques - Ensure clarity of symptoms/evidence/actions

Which of the following disciplines are typically considered "IT Infrastructure Support"?

- Network Engineering - Storage Engineering - Server Engineering

Which of the following statements are considered IT Troubleshooting goals?

- Saving evidence for root cause determination - Determining root cause - Getting user(s) working again

Which of the following statements are true about Operating System concepts?

- The "Process" is the primary logical unit of an operating systems) The "Process" is the basic logical execution unit of an operating system - Hardware decoupling & automatic failover are two of the primary advantages of virtualization - Windows & Linux both work with hierarchical filesystems

Which of the following statements are true about programming & database concepts?

- Within a running process, each thread maintains it's own call stack - Platforms like IIS & WebSphere offer services like security, load balancing and protocol abstraction - Relational databases offer durability by committed all changes to a log prior to updating the database

SaaS (Software as a Service)

A cloud offering whereby a fully functional application is provided to the customer with only application configuration options/customizations are available

PaaS (Platform as a Service)

A cloud offering whereby a specific type of technology function (e.g. database, application server) is provided

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

A cloud offering whereby virtual computing (VMs) are provided

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

A core protocol in the TCP/IP suite that belongs in the Network layer of the OSI model. ARP obtains the MAC (physical) address of a host, or node, and then creates a local database that maps the MAC address to the host's IP (logical) address; IP to MAC address matching for local network communications

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

A network service that provides automatic assignment of IP addresses and other TCP /IP configuration information; UDP-based broadcast protocol that provides IP addresses to hosts (typically PCs, phones, IoT devices)

Fog Computing

A relatively new paradigm which focuses on offloading or moving processing and storage to endpoint devices consuming cloud services

Instrumentation

Ability to monitor or measure the level of an application's performance, to diagnose errors, and to write trace information

Compare and contrast Multi-tasking, Multi-processing and Multi-threading

Multitasking is the illusion given to the user that they are running various applications at the same time when in reality what the CPU is doing is allotting a certain amount of time to each application (or process) for it to run, but it is done so so quickly that the user cannot see that they are being executed one at a time. Multi-processing is where multiple CPU's are being run so that each can execute a task thus several processes are actually being run at the same time rather than the illusion of multi-tasking. Multi-threading does allow a process to do multiple things at the same time, but it's not like multi-tasking in that if there are multiple CPUs available, then time slicing is not occurring, but instead multiple actions are executing at the same time.

Multicloud

Refers to a cloud computing model where services are offered by third-party vendors independently of corporate/enterprise IT

DNS (Domain Name System)

UDP-based protocol used to turn names into IP addresses

Compare and contrast an "application first" vs. an "infrastructure first" approach to troubleshooting and explain why both disciplines are necessary.

When it comes to application first approach, you are looking at the issue one piece at a time. You would begin inspecting the issue from the application side itself, seeing what issues are going on there that the user might have and begin attempting to solve such issues. You make such an approach if there is an issue going on with one application, and if the error you are working on is a valid error, but once multiple applications are involved making the issue more complex or the possibility that you might be wasting time trying to fix one error that may not even be the underlying issue, then you might take a difference approach. Infrastructure first approach would then be looking at the bigger picture of everything, in which you would see if you can make some kind of connection as to what the problem and solution might be by checking monitoring tools or error systems in logs. This could be beneficial if the system detects a problem and by looking at everything that is affected you can begin to get an idea of what to do, but you could be mislead because the issue you are looking at might not have anything to do