Quiz 1 (Ch.1-6)

How many calories are supplied by vitamins?

0

What is Diabetes?

A disorder of carbohydrates metabolism characterized by abnormal glucose levels

What term characterizes a diet that provides all of the essential nutrients, fiber, and calories in amounts sufficient to maintain health?

Adequacy

Insoluble fibers are:

All answers are correct - soften stools and help maintain regular bowel movements - reduce the risk of hemorrhoids - reduce the risk of diverticular disease - decrease the risk of diabetes

Which of these is a dietary lipid?

All are dietary lipids - Steroids - Phospholipids - Triglycerides - Fatty Acids

There are some fatty acids, which are considered "essential fatty acids" because they cannot be synthesized by humans, and must be supplied by diet. Which of the following would be considered an essential fatty acid?

All four answers are correct - Omega-6 fatty acid - Linoleic acid - Alpha-linoleic acid - Omega-3 fatty acid

Which of the following is a cause of death in which diet can play a part?

All of the above - Heart disease - Cancer - High blood pressure

Type 1 Diabetics can find treatment by

All of the above are correct - insulin injections - insulin pump - regular monitoring glucose levels with a glucose meter

Carbohydrates are:

All of the above are true regarding carbohydrates - Found in milk - Abundant in grains and other plant food - Are the exclusive source of energy for red blood cells and the brain - Are molecules made up of Carbohydrates arranged as one or more sugar units

Which of the following ingredients count as added sugars?

All of the answers are correct - Corn sweetener - Honey - Corn syrup - Dextrose

What is the unit used to measure energy?

Calories

What is the process that allows lipids (fats) to mix with water?

Emulsification

There is no difference between hunger and appetite

False

Foods that have nutrients added to enhance their nutrient content are...

Fortified

What is the preferred source of energy for the brain?

Glucose

A person suffering from Celiac Disease should eliminate ___________ from their diet to ease symptoms

Gluten

Susan wants to enhance her immunity during the flu season. Which of the following would be the LEAST credible source of info?

Guidelines of flu prevention on the website "your health.com"

This is known as the "good" type of cholesterol. It picks up cholesterol from the body cells and returns them to the liver.

HDL- High-density lipoproteins

A protective mechanism to keep the body alive is called what?

Hunger

Villi and microvilli are fingerlike and hair-like projections; which line the small intestines. Their purposes are to...

Increase surface area of the small intestine

Which of the following is a general name for diseases that cause inflammation and irritation of the digestive system?

Inflammatory bowel disease

Which of the following is NOT true about Fiber?

It is easily broken down by digestive enzymes

Lactose intolerance is caused by...

Lactase deficiency

Fats and some vitamins must first enter the __________ before they find their way into the blood

Lymphatic vessels

Glucose, fructose, and galactose are examples of...

Monosaccharides

In the digestive system, what is the pathway of organs; which food takes during digestion and absorption?

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Peristalsis refers to:

Muscular movement of food materials through the esophagus and digestive tract

What term refers to a food that supplies large amounts of nutrients relative to the number of calories it contains?

Nutrient dense

What is the estimated percentage that Obesity accounts for in all the cases of Type 2 Diabetes?

Over 80

The energy yielding nutrients are:

Proteins, Carbohydrates, and Fats

The primary role of Carbohydrates in the human body is to....

Provide the body with energy

The standard that represents the average nutrient intake estimated to meet the daily requirements of nearly 98% of healthy individuals is called the....

Recommended Dietary Allowance

What is it called when molecules move freely across the cell membrane and down the concentration gradient?

Simple diffusion

Most nutrient absorption takes place in the...

Small intestine

Which organ of the digestive system adds acid, enzymes, and gastric juices that grind food into a semiliquid?

Stomach

The most recent Dietary Guidelines for Americans:

Stress the consumptions of nutrient-dense foods

When fructose and glucose are bonded together, what do they form?

Sucrose

Typical Americans eat....

Too many calories made up of sugars and solid fats

Over-nutrition and Under-nutrition are forms of malnutrition

True

This type of Diabetes Mellitus occurs more frequently in people under the age of 30

Type 1

The forcible ejection of stomach contents is called what?

Vomiting

Which nutrient is the medium for all bodily processes?

Water

Triglycerides are compounds made up of a glycerol molecule and two fatty acids

false

Plants store glucose as...

starch

Alcohol provides energy but NOT considered a nutrient

true

Glucagon and Insulin are hormones that regulate the amount of glucose in the blood.

true

Insulin facilitates the uptake of glucose by body cells.

true

Saturated fatty acids have hydrogen atoms that fill every possible bond with carbon atoms. They are relatively solid at room temperature, and most commonly found in animal products and some vegetable products.

true

The body's form of stored glucose is called glycogen

true

The glycemic index is the potential of foods to increase blood glucose and insulin levels

true