Quiz 11 (Blood)

Healing after clot formation involves repair of the damaged blood vessel by connective tissue cells. clot dissolution. serum being squeezed out of the clot. clot retraction. All of these choices are correct.

All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following plasma proteins is most abundant? immunoglobulins albumin fibrinogen globulins hemoglobin

albumin

A person with an increased eosinophil count might be suffering from a chronic bacterial infection. an allergic reaction. a head cold. a viral infection. an acute bacterial infection.

an allergic reaction.

All these can cause leukopenia except lead poisoning. dehydration. radiation therapy. acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). immunosuppressant drugs.

dehydration.

The buffy coat does not contain erythrocytes. granulocytes. agranulocytes. lymphocytes. platelets.

erythrocytes.

A blood clot attached to a blood vessel wall is called a(an) prostacylin. thrombus. hemorrhage. embolus. anticoagulant.

thrombus.

A person with type B blood has antibody A. will have a transfusion reaction if given type B blood. has antigen A. has antibody B. can receive type A blood.

has antibody A.

Bilirubin is formed from the globin groups of hemoglobin. is found in white blood cells. may build up in the circulation and cause jaundice. may be reused in erythropoiesis. is made from bile.

may build up in the circulation and cause jaundice.

Which blood component is NOT correctly matched with its function? monocytes - become macrophages platelets - phagocytize bacteria plasma proteins - maintain blood osmotic pressure; involved in clotting leukocytes - protect against disease erythrocytes - transport oxygen

platelets - phagocytize bacteria

A blood clot that forms when a blood vessel is cut is an example of blood functioning in protection. maintenance. transportation. communication elimination.

protection.

When a blood vessel is damaged, which of the following events occurs last? Platelets adhere to collagen. von Willebrand factor is produced. Platelets are activated. Collagen is exposed. Platelets begin to stick to each other and form a plug.

Platelets begin to stick to each other and form a plug.

______________ is more likely to cause anemia than any of the other factors below. Smoking Any factor that creates a state of hypoxemia Air pollution other than by carbon monoxide High altitude Renal insufficiency

Renal insufficiency

When erythrocytes are destroyed, which of the following events occurs? Iron is secreted into the bile. The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids. Heme is transported by transferrin to the liver. Urine output increases. Bile is manufactured by the gall bladder.

The globin portion of the molecule is broken down into amino acids.

Sickle-cell disease is not advantageous to protect carriers against malaria. a cause of anemia. a hereditary hemoglobin defect. a cause of malaria. caused by a recessive allele that modifies the structure of hemoglobin.

a cause of malaria.

The function of plasmin is to promote platelet plug formation. control osmotic pressure of the blood. activate factor XII. hydrolyze fibrin. promote the formation of plasma.

hydrolyze fibrin.

Each body function on the left is correctly matched with the corresponding function of the blood on the right EXCEPT: immune function - platelet factors initiate coagulation thermoregulation - allows heat to escape from the body at the skin acid-base balance - buffers acids and bases respiration - transports oxygen and carbon dioxide osmotic balance of the blood - plasma proteins contribute to it

immune function - platelet factors initiate coagulation

If your son is diagnosed with hemophilia, he would have an antigen-antibody reaction. a type of cancer affecting white blood cells. an increased erythrocyte count. a disorder of the clotting process. an infection of the blood.

a disorder of the clotting process.

The structural framework of the blood clot is formed by a fibrin polymer. a fibrinogen polymer. a thrombin polymer. soluble fibrin. soluble fibrinogen.

a fibrin polymer.

Type AB blood has both A and B antibodies in the plasma. has both A and B antigens on the red cells. has no antigens on the red cells. has both A and B antibodies on the red cells. has O antigens on the red cells.

has both A and B antigens on the red cells.

Which of the following cell types is incorrectly matched with its description? lymphocytes - become macrophages basophils - release histamine eosinophils - parasites monocytes - largest of the WBCs neutrophils - most numerous WBCs

lymphocytes - become macrophages

A deficiency of which of the following stem cells would result in a marked increase in the clotting time of blood? monoblast myeloblast proerythroblast lymphoblast megakaryoblast

megakaryoblast

Which of the following is an agranulocyte? monocyte erythrocyte eosinophil neutrophil basophil

monocyte

Macrophages are derived from basophils. eosinophils. neutrophils. monocytes. correct

monocytes.

The most numerous of the leukocytes is the neutrophil. lymphocyte. basophil. eosinophil. monocyte.

neutrophil.

Differential count of ______________ typically increases in response to bacterial infections. basophils erythrocytes neutrophils monocytes eosinophils

neutrophils

Which of the following phrases is least likely to be used in describing erythrocytes? nucleus is centrally located biconcave cells cytoplasm contains hemoglobin cannot undergo mitosis cells can change shape

nucleus is centrally located

When large quantities of blood are lost, erythrocytes must be replaced to restore thrombin levels. oxygen-carrying capacity. normal blood pH. iron levels. the body's ability to fight infection.

oxygen-carrying capacity.

Which of the following is mismatched? hemorrhagic anemia - loss of blood from the body pernicious anemia - loss of blood from the body hemolytic anemia - increased destruction of erythrocytes iron deficiency anemia - lack of iron absorption for erythropoiesis aplastic anemia - bone marrow fails to produce erythrocytes

pernicious anemia - loss of blood from the body

For a person whose hematocrit is 45%, in which choice below are the components of blood correctly ranked in order of decreasing percent volume? plasma, WBCs, RBCs WBCs, plasma, RBCs RBCs, WBCs, plasma plasma, RBCs, WBCs WBCs, RBCs, plasma

plasma, RBCs, WBCs

During platelet plug formation, vitamin K production increases. platelets stick to the exposed collagen fibers of injured vessels. thrombin is released from endothelial cells. activated platelets release fibrinogen. platelets multiply.

platelets stick to the exposed collagen fibers of injured vessels.

RhoGam injections are given to protect the father. prevent sensitization of the mother. activate fetal Rh antigens. desensitize the fetus. change the mother's blood type.

prevent sensitization of the mother.

Blood does not participate in the initiation of blood clotting. help to regulate body temperature. produce plasma hormones. help to stabilize the pH of extracellular fluids. transport a variety of nutrients.

produce plasma hormones.

Myeloid hemopoiesis in adults happens in the liver. spleen. thymus. red bone marrow. yellow bone marrow.

red bone marrow.

Functions of plasma proteins include body temperature regulation. serving as a source of energy for metabolism. transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide. regulation of osmotic pressure. buffering the blood.

regulation of osmotic pressure.

Which of the following cell types is an immature red blood cell? monocyte thrombocyte reticulocyte leukocyte erythrocyte

reticulocyte

Platelets release ____________, a chemical vasoconstrictor that contributes to the vascular spasm. prostacyclin thrombin heparin thromboplastin serotonin

serotonin

An increased amount of heparin in the blood might stop the clotting process. speed up the clotting process. enhance the clotting process. slow down the clotting process. have no effect on the clotting process.

slow down the clotting process.

Erythropoiesis does not require vitamin K. All of these are required. iron. folate. vitamin B12.

vitamin K.

_____________ would not decrease colloid osmotic pressure (COP) in blood. Hypoproteinemia A diet extremely low in protein Severe liver failure Starvation A diet predominantly based on red meat

A diet predominantly based on red meat

_____________ is not found in plasma. Fibrinogen Glucose Urea Glycogen Albumin

Glycogen

___________ is a protein not commonly found in plasma. Fibrinogen Prothrombin Hemoglobin Albumin Transferrin

Hemoglobin

In which of the following situations might Rh incompatibility develop? Mother is Rh positive; fetus is Rh positive Mother is Rh positive; father is Rh positive Mother is Rh negative; fetus is Rh positive Mother is Rh positive; fetus is Rh negative Mother is Rh negative; fetus is Rh negative

Mother is Rh negative; fetus is Rh positive

Which of the following is a stage of hemostasis? agglutination vascular dilation coagulation platelet formation erythropoiesis

coagulation

Mature erythrocytes have a centrally located nucleus. are actually just cellular fragments. do not contain protein. contain hemoglobin in their cytoplasm. mature from cells called megakaryocytes.

contain hemoglobin in their cytoplasm.

When the antigens on erythrocytes bind with antibodies in the plasma, the blood group changes. agglutination of erythrocytes occurs. the antibodies dissolve. hemolysis of leukocytes may occur. coagulation occurs.

agglutination of erythrocytes occurs.

The hematocrit is an estimate of blood flow/hour. the percentage of RBCs in a given volume of blood. the number of RBCs in the body. the amount of hemoglobin by weight in the blood. the number of WBCs per mm3.

the percentage of RBCs in a given volume of blood.

Agglutination of red blood cells means they form a clot. they lose their nucleus. they clump together. they bump into each other. they rupture.

they clump together.

Hematocrit is ____________ of the total blood volume. 47% to 63% 37% to 52% 42% to 45% 25% to 37% less than 1%

37% to 52%

Type A blood can safely donate RBCs to _____________ and can receive RBCs of type ___________. O; O AB; O O; AB B; A A; B

AB; O

In the platelet release reaction, activated platelets are connected by fibrinogen. ADP and thromboxanes stimulate other platelets to become activated. factor XII is activated. platelets convert to fibrin. prostaglandin production is inhibited.

ADP and thromboxanes stimulate other platelets to become activated.

The antibodies that circulate in the plasma are made by monocytes that become macrophages. B lymphocytes or plasma cells, which are part of the immune system. the liver, which makes all of the plasma proteins. the spleen, which uses them to tag red blood cells for destruction. the kidney, which monitors plasma composition.

B lymphocytes or plasma cells, which are part of the immune system.

The main reason why an individual AB, Rh-negative cannot donate blood to an individual A, Rh-positive is because anti-D antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBC of the recipient. anti-B antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient. anti-A antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor. anti-A antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient. anti-B antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor.

anti-B antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor.

In hemolytic disease of the newborn, antibodies from the fetus cross the placenta and affect the mother. antibodies from the mother cross the placenta and affect the fetus. fibrin is hydrolyzed. the mother frequently dies during childbirth. hemolysis of white blood cells may occur.

antibodies from the mother cross the placenta and affect the fetus.

These are the least abundant formed elements. neutrophils platelets erythrocytes basophils eosinophils

basophils

When defective erythrocytes are broken down, their iron is excreted into the small intestine. bilirubin is formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin. they are removed from the blood by the lungs. their heme groups are converted into amino acids. their components cannot be recycled.

bilirubin is formed from the breakdown of hemoglobin.

In adults, red blood cells are made in one place, spend most of their lifespan in another, and most are finally destroyed in yet another place. Which choice lists these locations in the correct chronological order? bone marrow; spleen; blood vessels spleen; blood vessels; spleen bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen blood vessels; spleen; bone marrow spleen; blood vessels; bone marrow

bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen

Which of the following is (are) associated with decreased hematopoiesis? both vitamin B12 deficiency and iron deficiency anemia iron deficiency anemia hemorrhage restricted blood flow to the kidney vitamin B12 deficiency

both vitamin B12 deficiency and iron deficiency anemia

Fibrinolysis is responsible for clot dissolution. activation of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. activation of the extrinsic pathway of coagulation. clot consolidation. clot retraction

clot dissolution.

Which of the following events is one of the three main stages of coagulation? conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin platelet aggregation platelet plug formation conversion of thrombin to prothrombin calcium is released

conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

Stem cells are abundant in the plasma. form branches of trees. are specialized cells. give rise to formed elements in the blood. are found in yellow bone marrow.

give rise to formed elements in the blood.

Which of the following functions is associated with the blood? electrical stimulation of the heart maintenance of DNA content of egg cells delivery of oxygen to tissue cells transport of neurotransmitters across synapses transport of digestive enzymes to the small intestine

delivery of oxygen to tissue cells

The viscosity of blood is due more to _____________ than to any other factor fibrin sodium erythrocytes nitrogenous wastes albumin

erythrocytes

The viscosity of blood is due more to _____________ than to any other factor. erythrocytes nitrogenous wastes albumin fibrin sodium

erythrocytes

Which of the following formed elements do not have chromosomes? erythrocytes, reticulocytes and erythroblasts erythrocytes erythroblasts reticulocytes erythrocytes and reticulocytes

erythrocytes and reticulocytes

The condition characterized by overproduction of erythrocytes is called hemophilia. leukemia. erythrocytosis. anemia. thalassemia.

erythrocytosis

The plasma component that forms fibrin, the insoluble protein, in a blood clot is fibrinogen. globulin. sodium. fibrinolysis. albumin.

fibrinogen.

Randolf was suffering from severe hepatitis. His skin appeared to be jaundiced. That color change was due to increased globin in his circulatory system, increased bilirubin in his circulatory system and decreased rate of globin breakdown. increased globin in his circulatory system. increased heme in his circulatory system. increased bilirubin in his circulatory system.

increased bilirubin in his circulatory system.

Which of the following would lead to increased erythropoiesis? increased blood pressure increased CO2 levels increased environmental O2 levels increased blood pH increased erythropoietin levels

increased erythropoietin levels

An increased erythropoietin (EPO) output by the kidneys would lead to all of the following except increased blood osmolarity. increased RBC production. increased hematocrit. increased hypoxemia. increased blood viscosity.

increased hypoxemia.

Aspirin inhibits platelet plug formation by blocking the binding of platelets to collagen. making the platelet surface less sticky. blocking the effects of serotonin. stimulating the release of heparin. interfering with the synthesis of prostaglandins.

interfering with the synthesis of prostaglandins.

All these can lead to polycythemia except excessive aerobic exercise. iron deficiency. emphysema. cancer of the erythropoietic line of the red bone marrow. dehydration

iron deficiency.

Heparin is a potent anticoagulant. blocks the action of factor X. dissolves blood clots. promotes coagulation. is produced by eosinophils.

is a potent anticoagulant.

Erythropoietin is a product of the kidney. is produced by the red bone marrow. inhibits the production of erythrocytes. is found both in the plasma and inside red blood cells. is produced in response to increased blood pressure.

is a product of the kidney.

Iron is needed to produce hemoglobin. is a plasma coagulation factor. prevents carbon monoxide from binding to hemoglobin. is the binding site for carbon dioxide on the hemoglobin molecule. interferes with the normal function of hemoglobin.

is needed to produce hemoglobin.

Plasma transports waste products but not nutrients. is serum plus formed elements. is the liquid matrix of the blood. accounts for less than half of the blood volume. is one of the formed elements.

is the liquid matrix of the blood.

The only formed elements that possess a nucleus when mature are the thrombocytes. erythrocytes. RBCs. leukocytes. platelets.

leukocytes.

An increase in hemoglobin increases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to various tissues. the osmotic pressure of the blood. the leukocyte count. the quantity of plasma protein available for blood clotting. the body's immune response.

the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to various tissues.

When a person is transfused with the wrong blood type, the white cells clot. the erythrocytes agglutinate. fibrinogen is activated. they bleed to death. hemorrhaging occurs.

the erythrocytes agglutinate.

Plasma is ____ while formed elements are ____. mostly protein; the matrix lacking in protein; regulators of blood osmolality a blood gas; blood clots the liquid portion of blood; the cells the cellular portion of blood; acellular components

the liquid portion of blood; the cells

Mr. Smith moved from a low altitude to a high altitude and experienced an increase in RBCs. Which of the following caused this increase? He exercised more. the increased metabolic rate seen at higher altitudes the lower temperature present at higher altitudes the lower oxygen concentration seen at higher altitudes the increased CO2 retention that occurs at high altitudes

the lower oxygen concentration seen at higher altitudes

All of these prevent the spontaneous formation of a clot except the presence of tissue thromboplastin. the presence of antithrombin in plasma. the presence of heparin in plasma. the smooth prostacyclin-coated endothelium of blood vessels. the dilution of thrombin when blood flows at a normal rate

the presence of tissue thromboplastin.

Each hemoglobin molecule has two iron atoms and two globin chains. has one heme group. contains two polypeptide chains. transports one oxygen molecule. transports four oxygen molecules.

transports four oxygen molecules.

Hemoglobin catalyzes the reaction that forms carbonic acid. is only used once then decomposed. gives white blood cells their color. is normally found in both the plasma and erythrocytes. transports oxygen in the blood.

transports oxygen in the blood

A person with type O blood should receive a blood transfusion from a donor with type A blood. type O blood. type AB blood. type B blood. type A or type B blood.

type O blood.