Quiz 11 - Disorders of Heart Failure and Circulatory Shock

Increased cardiac workload with left heart failure can result in which of the following change to the myocardial cells a) Hyperplasia b) Hypertrophy c) Atrophy d) Dysplasia

b) Hypertrophy

A patient is told that she has cardiac valve leaflets, or cusps, that are floppy and fail to shut completely, permitting blood flow even when the valve should be completely closed. The nurse know that this condition can lead to heart failure and is referred to as which of the following? a) Pericardial effusion b) Valvular regurgitation c) Valvular stenosis d) infective endocarditis

b) Valvular regurgitation

A nurse will be providing care for a female patient who has a diagnosis of heart failure that has been characterized as being primarily right-sided. Which of the following statements best describes the presentation that the nurse should anticipate? The client: a) has pitting edema to the ankles and feet bilaterally, decreased activity tolerance, and occasional upper right quadrant pain. b) has cyanotic lips and extremities, low urine output, and low blood pressure. c) has a distended bladder, facial edema, and nighttime difficulty breathing.

b) has cyanotic lips and extremities, low urine output, and low blood pressure.

A nurse is performing client health education with a 68-year-old man who has recently been diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following statements demonstrates an accurate understanding of his new diagnosis? a) "I'll be sure to take my beta blocker only when I feel short of breath." b) "I'm going to avoid as much physical activity as I can so that I preserve my strength." c) "I'm trying to think of ways that I can cut down the amount of salt that I usually eat."

c) "I'm trying to think of ways that I can cut down the amount of salt that I usually eat."

A patient in the nursing home wonders why he is having these signs and symptoms of left-sided failure. Which of the following explanations will the nurse give the patient? a) "The left ventricle is not adequately perfusing your gastrointestinal tract, leading to diarrhea and vomiting b) "The left ventricle is having problems pumping blood forward so blood is backing up systemically causing edema in your feet." c) "The left ventricle is having problems pumping blood forward, and this is causing blood to back up into your lungs."

c) "The left ventricle is having problems pumping blood forward, and this is causing blood to back up into your lungs."

A 20-year-old male client is experiencing a severe immunologically mediated reaction in which histamines have been released into the blood. Select the type of reaction most likely occurring with this client. a) Septic shock b) Anaphylactic shock c) Distributive shock d) Neurogenic shock

c) Distributive shock

A client who developed a deep vein thrombosis during a prolonged period of bed rest has deteriorated as the clot has dislodged and resulted in a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following types of shock is this client at risk of experiencing? a) Distributive shock b) Hypovolemic shock c) Cardiogenic shock d) Obstructive shock

d) Obstructive shock

The health care provided is reviewing lab results of a client diagnosed with heart failure. The provider notes the client's ANP and BNP levels have been increasing and remain significantly elevated. These results would be interpreted as: a) Results are not significant assessment data. b) The client is improving. c) The more the results continue to increase, the better the outcome for the client. d) The condition is getting progressively worse.

d) The condition is getting progressively worse.

An elderly client has been diagnosed with chronic leff-sided heart failure. He is prescribed an ACE inhibitor to treat the symptoms and improve his quality of life. This drug will alleviate the client's symptoms of heart failure by: a) selectively blocking the synthesis of renin in the kidneys. b) promoting cardiac output through a reduction in preload. c) enhancing inotropy by maximizing calcium channel function. d) blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.

d) blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.

The nurse is caring for a client who has just experienced an acute myocardial infarction and is diagnosed with "pump failure". The nurse is aware that the client is experiencing which type of shock? a) Hypovolemic b) Neurogenic c) Anaphylactic d) Septic e) Cardiogenic

e) Cardiogenic