Quiz 12

The anterior pituitary synthesizes and secretes ______ different hormones, while the posterior pituitary stores and secretes only ______ different hormones

7; 2

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? a: Primary plexus b: Secondary plexus c: Hypophyseal portal veins

ACB

13. Oxytocin: a. is produced and secreted by cells in the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus b. is produced only in females c. secretion is regulated by a negative feedback loop d. stimulates ejection of milk from the breasts

D

The release of hormones from adrenal cortex is stimulated by...

adrenocorticotropic hormone

The hypothalamus influences endocrine activity by: a. secreting regulatory hormones that influence the anterior pituitary gland b. producing hormones that are stored in the posterior pituitary gland c. overseeing the autonomic nervous system d. stimulating hormone secretion by the adrenal medulla

all of the above

endocrine glands

are ductless glands, are the organs of the endocrine system, secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, and help maintain homeostasis

Which of these hormone pairs has antagonistic (opposite) effects?

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

Which hormones are collectively called the gonadotropins?

follicle- stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

The "master control center" of the endocrine system is the...

hypothalamus

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels?

insulin

which is not true about the thyroid gland?

it has 2 lobes connected by the central portion called the commissure

Which is not correct regarding the posterior pituitary?

it is composed of the pars intermedia and the infundibular stalk

where are the target cells for antidiuretic hormone

kidney tubules and smooth muscle of arteriole walls

which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland?

melatonin

In response to high blood glucose, the pancreas releases insulin to enable glucose to enter body cells. When the blood glucose level returns to normal, insulin release stops. This is an example of regulation by

negative feedback

Where are the target cells for follicle-stimulating hormone?

ovaries and testes

What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?

prepare the body for emergency situations and prolong fight or flight response

Which is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?

rapid, immediate recovery to pre stimulation state

The primary androgen released by the testes is

testosterone

where is the pituitary gland located

within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone