Quiz 19
Which of the following is not one of the three main factors influencing blood pressure?
emotional state
Blood flow (F) is directly proportional to resistance (R) and inversely proportional to the pressure differential (P)
false
The third major branch of the aortic arch is the ________ artery.
left subclavian
The first major branch of the aortic arch is the ________ branch.
...
he first major branch of the aortic arch is the ________ branch.
...
Blood flow to the skin:
muscular arteries
Of the following numbered blood vessels, which ones carry oxygen-poor (relatively deoxygenated) blood? 1. superior mesenteric artery 2. hepatic portal vein 3. umbilical arteries 4. umbilical vein 5. pulmonary arteries 6. pulmonary veins
2, 3, 5
Which of the following is LEAST likely to cause circulatory shock?
A severe thrombosis of the femoral vein
The type of blood vessel that is most influential in regulating blood pressure:
A) elastic arteries C) arterioles D) capillaries that have pre-capillary sphincters
Arterial blood pressure decreases in response to all of the following EXCEPT:
A) A decrease in left ventricular stroke volume B) A decrease in blood viscosity A decrease in the elasticity of arteries
Which of the following does NOT enhance venous return of blood from the legs?
A) Shunting of blood through venous anastomoses C) Venous valves
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding regulation of the heart and circulatory system?
A) Under resting conditions, the parasympathetic nervous system is the primary neural system regulating the heart rate. B) Long-term regulation of blood pressure is primarily achieved by renal mechanisms that increase blood volume. C) Baroreceptors located in the aortic arch and carotid artery sinuses raise blood pressure by stimulating the cardoinhibitory center of the medulla.
The arteries that are also called distributing arteries are the:
A) elastic arteries. B) muscular arteries. C) arterioles.
The circulatory route that runs from the digestive tract to the liver is called:
A) hepatic portal circulation.
Aldosterone will:
A) promote an increase in blood pressure. B) promote a decrease in blood volume. C) result in a larger output of urine.
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the autoregulation of blood flow to tissues?
Abnormally low oxygen levels produce vasodilation In the pulmonary arterial system
Which statement best describes arteries?
All carry blood away from the heart.
Select the correct statement about blood flow.
Blood flow through the entire vascular system is equivalent to cardiac output.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding normal blood circulation in the fetus?
C) Some fetal blood flows from the right ventricle into the left ventricle
Which of the following is likely during vigorous exercise?
Capillaries of the active muscles will be engorged with blood.
Vascular blood pressure is lowest in the capillaries
False
Vasodilation is a widening of the lumen due to smooth muscle contraction.
False
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the transport of water, solutes, leukocytes, and other substances by capillaries?
Larger molecules are transported from the blood stream to tissues by pinocytosis
An increase in blood viscosity will cause an increase in peripheral resistance.
True
An obstruction in the superior vena cava would decrease the flow of blood from the head and neck to the heart.:
True
The pulmonary circulation does not directly serve the metabolic needs of body tissues.
True
Which of the following is true about veins?
Veins are called capacitance vessels or blood reservoirs.
The term ductus venosus refers to:
a special vessel that allows blood to bypass the liver
Mechanisms that do not help autoregulate blood pressure include:
alcohol.
Arterial ________ provide alternate pathways for blood to get to an organ.
anastomoses
The arteries that directly feed into the capillary beds are called:
arterioles.
Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of:
capillaries
Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of:
capillaries.
The hepatic portal vein:
carries nutrient-rich blood to the liver.
A patient with essential hypertension might have pressures of 200/120 mm Hg. This hypertensive state could result in all of the following changes except:
decreased size of the heart muscle
The influence of blood vessel diameter on peripheral resistance is:
significant because resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius.
Which tunic of an artery contains endothelium?
tunica interna (intima)
Histologically, the ________ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer.
tunica intima (interna)
Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure and continuous blood circulation?
tunica media
Factors that aid venous return include all except:
urinary output.
Select the correct statement about factors that influence blood pressure.
xcess red cell production would cause a blood pressure increase.