Quiz 7

What is conjugation?

Creation of derived forms of a verb from its principal parts by inflection (regular alteration according to rules of grammar)

What is case?

Different forms of a word used depending on the word's function in a sentence.

English has three kinds of objects. What are they?

Direct object, indirect object, prepositional object.

All interrogative words can always be used as topics as well as subjects.

False

In English, the subject must always come first in the sentence.

False

In Japanese, subjects, direct objects, and indirect objects are marked by particles that follow the verb.

False

Languages with case markings have very strict word order.

False

Subjects are always only one word long.

False

Topic is a very prominent grammatical category in Russian.

False

In order for a noun to be complete in Russian, it must have an ending that provides the following information:

Gender, number, and case

What is declension?

Inflection of nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and articles to indicate number (at least singular and plural), case (nominative or subjective, genitive or possessive, etc.), and gender

The four cases used in many of the languages that have case are Nominative, Genitive, Dative, and Accusative. What is the function of the Accusative case?

It is used as the recipient of the action (the patient).

The four cases used in many of the languages that have case are Nominative, Genitive, Dative, and Accusative. What is the function of the Genitive case?

It is used as to show relationship or possession.

The four cases used in many of the languages that have case are Nominative, Genitive, Dative, and Accusative. What is the function of the Dative case?

It is used for showing direction or the indirect recipient of the action.

The four cases used in many of the languages that have case are Nominative, Genitive, Dative, and Accusative. What is the function of the Nominative case?

It is used for subjects.

What is the function of an object of a verb?

It receives the action of the verb.

What is inflection?

Modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, grammatical mood, grammatical voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case

Some nouns or pronouns that occur after a verb (in English) are not objects. What are they?

Predicate words

What do the abbreviations S, DO, IO, and PO stand for?

Subject, direct object, indirect object, prepositional object

What is the difference between plain subjects and topic subjects in Japanese?

The topic subject has a different particle, wa, than a plain subject, ga.

If a sentence has more than one verb, each verb has its own subject.

True

In English, case is not very prominent. It is visible mostly only on the pronouns.

True

In English, the subject is the noun before the verb that answers the question who? or what?.

True

In Russian, case is used extensively to show functions. This means that the word order can be more free.

True

Russian has a different ending for almost every case and number. Therefore, when you look at a word you can be pretty sure what the function is.

True

Russian objects have endings that show function. Therefore, indirect objects can show function without using a separate word for for whom? or to whom?.

True

The topic is shared information between the speaker and the listener.

True

Usually a language is said to "have cases" only if nouns change their form by declension to reflect their case

True

Complete the phrase: "The topic is the sentence element that"

expresses what the sentence is about.

Complete the phrase: "A subject is the person or thing in a sentence that"

performs the action of the verb.