Quiz 8 Sociology Chapter 8 & 9

During his career, Anthony has worked as a juvenile police officer, corrections counselor in a state prison, and executive director of an urban redevelopment program. In view of this, which description best describes Anthony's career path?

Anthony has been an applied sociologist

Karl Marx suggested that the force that drives human history and is at the core of human society is ________. Group of answer choices

Class Conflict

The theorist who is sometimes referred to as "the second founder of sociology" was ________.

Herbert Spencer

Because of her outstanding contributions to social reform, as demonstrated in her work as co-founder of Hull-House, ________ was a co-winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931.

Jane Addams

The social thinker of the 19th century who predicted that there would be a classless society once the working class united and began a revolution was ________.

Karl Marx

The contemporary conflict sociologist who pointed out that conflict is most likely to develop among people in close relationships was ________. Group of answer choices

Lewis Coser

Max Weber referred to the self-denying approach to life characterized by people living frugal lives and saving their money as the ________.

Protestant Ethic

The notion that only the fittest members of society deserve to survive and that social programs to help the poor will ultimately weaken the social order is a doctrine known as ________.

Social Darwinism

The American sociologist who focused on social analysis, developing abstract models showing how parts of society harmoniously work together, was ________. Group of answer choices

Talcott Parsons

The first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University, who spent his lifetime studying race relations in America and was one of the founders of the NAACP, was ________.

W.E.B Du Bois

Functionalists refer to how parts of a society fit together to form a whole as ________.

a structure

Of the following, which discipline is most appropriately classified as a natural science?

biology

The first goal of each scientific discipline is to ________.

explain why something happens

Which of the following elements did C. Wright Mills attribute as being the one that sociologists would use to explain individual behavior?

external influence

At the first meeting of the American Sociological Society, attendees discussed the primary reason for sociology as the practical application to the improvement of social life. This goal of sociology was aligned with the discipline's ________ stage of development in the United States.

first

Mark views society as a system of interrelated parts, while John views society as composed of groups competing for scarce resources. Mark would be considered a(n) ________ and John would be seen as a(n) ________.

functionalist; conflict theorist

Capitalism is becoming the world's dominant economic system. This is referred to as ________.

globalization of capitalism

Functionalists and conflict theorists tend to focus on the ________, or large scale patterns of society, in conducting their analyses.

macro level

Cindy is interested in how the movement of Maytag production plants and other industries from the Midwest to Mexico has changed the lives of thousands of unemployed workers and their communities. Cindy is conducting a ________ analysis. Group of answer choices

macro-level

According to Robert Merton, ________ are the intended beneficial consequences of people's actions.

manifest functions

Durkheim referred to patterns of behavior that characterize a social group as ________.

social factors

The sociological perspective emphasizes how the social context influences people's lives, particularly how people are influenced by ________.

society

Which sociological perspectives are best to use in developing an accurate understanding of society?

structural functionalism and the conflict of perspective

What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories, one that is often employed by sociologists?

the scientific method

What quality did Max Weber stress as being the hallmark of social research?

value neutrality