Quiz 9

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When food distends the duodenum, the duodenum releases which hormone?

CCK

A set point refers to ____.​

a very narrow range that the body works to maintain at a stable level

​The brain finds out about the degree of stretch of the stomach from ____.

activity of the vagus nerve

​Poikilothermic organisms have body temperatures that ____.

are the same as the temperatures of their environments​

How do amphibians and reptiles control their body temperature?

by choosing an appropriate area of the environment

​People who are lactose intolerant can consume a little milk, and larger amounts of ____, which are easier to digest.

cheese and yogurt

​Homeostasis is to ____ as allostasis is to ____.

constant; variable

​In response to infection, leukocytes release proteins called

cytokines​

The small intestine ____.

digests proteins, fats, and carbohydrates​

One advantage of being homeothermic is that it ____.

enables the individual to stay active when the environment is cool​

​The term ____ refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

homeothermic

​Which hormone controls the rate at which glucose leaves the blood and enters the cells?

insulin

​A fever ____.

is part of the body's defense against an illness​

​The temperature required by reproductive cells of birds and most mammals is ____.

lower than the rest of the body

Which group would most likely benefit from taking leptin?

obese people who fail to produce leptin

Which area of the hypothalamus seems to be critical for the ending of meals?

paraventricular nucleus​

​Ghrelin is associated with ____ in the periphery and ____ in the brain.

stomach contractions; excitation of the arcuate nucleus​

​The vagus nerve is to ____ as the splanchnic nerves are to ____.

stomach fullness; nutrient contents of the stomach

The POA/AH monitors body temperature partly by monitoring ____.

​its own temperature

After damage in and around the ventromedial hypothalamus, animals are more likely to ____.​

​overeat and gain weight


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