Quiz chapter 10_psychology 101_True&False

The sensory register can hold sensory images indefinitely, as long as we continue to rehearse the information.

False

The serial-position effect is the tendency for recall of the items in the middle of the list to surpass recall of the first and last items on a list.

False

There is concrete evidence that early traumatic events cause memory dissociation.

False

We encode our memories as exact replicas of our sensory experiences.

False

When a witness expresses complete certainty about his or her report, the memory is almost always reliable.

False

When patients are unable to form new declarative memories, they cannot acquire new procedural memories either.

False

Under most circumstances, recognition is easier than recall.

True

Users of sign language report experiencing TOT states, called tip-of-the-finger states.

True

Vivid recollections of emotional events are called "flashbulb memories."

True

When Sir Frederic Bartlett asked people to read unfamiliar stories and then to recite the stories to him later, he found that the details were often changed to make the story coherent.

True

When the priming method is used for measuring implicit memory, a person typically reads or listens to information and is later tested to see whether the information affects performance on the same or another type of task.

True

The medulla is involved in the formation of declarative long-term memories.

False

A fill-in-the-blank quiz of psychology terms would test for recognition of the terms.

False

An accurate way to conceptualize memory is to think of it as a video camera that records each moment of a person's life.

False

Auditory images are held in the sensory register for one-quarter to one-half second.

False

Elaborative rehearsal is defined as the rote repetition of material in order to maintain its availability in memory.

False

Flashbulb memories, unlike other memories, are accurate records of the past.

False

George Miller's famous estimate of the capacity of short-term memory is the "magical 2 to 20 range."

False

Implicit memory is usually measured through recall tasks.

False

In general, psychologists agree that the inability to remember experiences during the first years of life is due to the defense mechanism of repression.

False

Knowing that flash floods occur quickly when water runs off hard, dry ground would be an episodic memory.

False

Memories that involve knowing how to do something without really thinking about it, like combing your hair, are called declarative memories.

False

Organizing memories by semantic groups is a human characteristic that is uninfluenced by schooling.

False

Priming is a method for measuring explicit memory.

False

Proactive interference occurs when recently learned material interferes with the ability to remember similar material that was stored previously.

False

Procedural memory is defined as the conscious, intentional recollection of an event.

False

Source misattribution occurs when a person experiences the partial loss of memory with no apparent biological cause.

False

The ability to retrieve and reproduce from memory previously encountered material is called recognition.

False

The brain circuits that take part in the formation of long-term memories are the same as those involved in long-term storage.

False

The formation of short-term memories and long-term memories involve the same chemical and structural changes at the level of the neurons.

False

The higher the anxiety level of a person, the more accurately he or she is able to describe an event.

False

A long-lasting increase in the strength of synaptic responsiveness is called long-term potentiation.

True

Children can be induced to report traumatic experiences that never actually happened to them.

True

Confabulation is especially likely to occur if you have thought about the imagined event many times.

True

Conscious, intentional recollection of an event is called explicit memory.

True

Different aspects of a memory are probably processed separately and stored at different locations that are distributed across wide areas of the brain, with all the sites participating in the representation of the event or concept as a whole.

True

Human patients who have damage to the cerebellum cannot be classically conditioned to blink their eyes in response to a tone.

True

If you are shown a long list of items and then are asked to recall them, your retention of any particular item will likely depend on its place in the list.

True

In ancient times, philosophers compared memory to a soft wax tablet that would preserve anything imprinted on it.

True

In discussions of the capacity of short-term memory, a chunk is a meaningful unit of information.

True

In the three-box model of memory, short-term memory holds a limited amount of information.

True

In the three-box model, all incoming information from the outside world must make a brief stop in the sensory register.

True

It has been suggested that autobiographical memories cannot be formed until a child's self-concept has emerged.

True

Knowing how to ride a bicycle would be a procedural memory.

True

Long-term memories undergo a gradual period of consolidation before they "solidify" and become stable.

True

Long-term memory formation involves lasting structural changes in the brain.

True

Long-term potentiation is thought to be the biological mechanism of long-term memory.

True

Many researchers believe that long-term potentiation is the process underlying many, and perhaps all, forms of learning and memory.

True

Preschoolers' memories are more vulnerable to suggestive questions than are the memories of school-aged children.

True

Recognition is the ability to identify previously encountered information.

True

Researchers have been able to induce memories of events that never happened.

True

The hippocampus is involved in the formation of declarative long-term memories.

True

The inability to distinguish what you originally experienced from what you heard or were later told about an event is called source misattribution.

True

The parallel distributed processing (PDP) model of memory represents the contents of memory as connections among a huge number of interacting processing units, distributed in a vast network and all operating in parallel.

True

The parts of the brain involved in the storage of events are not well-developed until a few years after birth.

True

The relearning method, devised by Hermann Ebbinghaus over a century ago, assesses whether or not you learn material more quickly the second time you learn it.

True

The sensory register is made up of many separate subsystems, one for each sense.

True

This true-false question requires recognition.

True

Trivial Pursuit, a popular board game that tests a player's skills in retrieving and reproducing popular culture and general knowledge, requires the recall of explicit memories.

True