Quiz Questions- Exam 3

Which of the following are features typical of English Romanesque style?

-Massive fortress-like construction -long, narrow format -double transept

The _____ vault, also seen in the Romanesque era, directs weight to the corners of the form, allowing builders to create wider interior spaces and larger window openings.

-groin

Which of the following inspires movement away from medieval style in 14th century Italy?

-interest in ancient Greece and Rome -a growing class of wealthy merchants and business people -interest in the natural world

Which of the following are typically found in Viking Era artworks?

-wood construction -animal forms -interlace design

Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, was originally a Greek city known as

Byzantium

Gothic arches, relying on rounded Roman arches, tends to be squat and earth hugging.

False

In his work at the Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel, Giotto continues to use the gold background of images inspired by Byzantine style.

False

Romanesque churches were often oriented so that the choir pointed to the west.

False

The Early Christian basilica form is based on the traditional design of pagan Greek and Roman temples.

False

The Gothic church facade is generally less decorated than the Romanesque facade.

False

The mosaics of a Byzantine church are intended primarily to represent the real world rather than creating a spiritual or supernatural effect within the church.

False

Which of the following is not commonly found in Islamic art?

Human forms

The _____ is a form of exterior support applied to many Gothic churches that allows builders to increase the height of the church and the size of the windows.

flying buttress

Commonly seen in the Early Medieval style, _____ consists of bands of color, often derived from animal forms, that are looped, braided, and knotted into complex linear patterns to full space in a design.

interlace

The term "maesta" means _____ and is used to refer to an image of the enthroned Virgin and Child.

majesty

The _____ is a religious journey to a holy place common during the Romanesque era.

pilgrimage

The art of the Early Medieval period was primarily

portable and useful

The circular stained glass window often found on the facade of a Gothic church is called a _____ window.

rose

Early Christian and Byzantine builders often used _____, or materials recycled from earlier Roman buildings, in their structures.

spolia

The combination of Roman, Jewish, and Greek image traditions and ideas in Early Christian art and culture is known as

syncretism

The phrase "Notre Dame", seen as part of the name of many Gothic cathedrals, is French for "Our Lady" and a reference to

the Virgin Mary

The medieval emperor Charlemagne wanted to revive the culture and style of _____ in his territory.

the roman empire

The term millefiori means _____ and refers to a glassworking technique found in Early Medieval art.

thousand flowers

The Romanesque Last Judgement scene typically represents the damned and Hell on Christ's left-hand side, following traditional symbolism of the left as the "bad" side.

true

The barrel vault commonly seen in Romanesque architecture, consists of an extended arched ceiling covering the length of the nave.

true

On the Romanesque church facade, the main sculptural area is known as the

tympanum

The dome of Hagia Sophia was meant to emulate that of the Roman structure known as the

Pantheon

The Byzantine image of Christ as a divine judge of mankind is called the

Pantokrator

As Gothic style developed, the buildings became increasingly delicate and emphasized height and light in their designs.

True

Byzantine style frequently demonstrates a combination of Roman realistic detail with more spiritually-focused imagery.

True

Early images of Christ such as the Good Shepherd often depicted him as a youthful, athletic form like the human figures of Greek and Roman art.

True

Human figures in Byzantine images are often covered with elaborate pattern and display little anatomical detail as a way of emphasizing the spiritual focus of the image.

True

In Islamic architecture, arches are commonly used for decorative purposes as well as for structural ones.

True

Much of the style of Early Christian art is borrowed and adapted from the familiar Roman style of the time.

True

Romanesque architecture in Italy often borrowed elements such as domes and colonnades from examples provided by existing Roman and Early Christian buildings.

True

The design of many Islamic structures, such as the Dome of the Rock, is inspired by similar Christian and Byzantine structures such as San Vitale.

True

Though Islamic structures often follow plans similar to those of Christian buildings, they are differentiated because of their highly decorated exteriors.

True

Viking Era art often combines traditional designs, such as interlace, with Christian elements.

True

The common form of painted religious image in the Byzantine world is known as

an icon

The Byzantine Empire can be considered to be a continuation of the _____ Empire.

Roman

Redesigned in th 12th century, _____ is considered to be the birthplace of Gothic style.

St. Denis

In the fresco technique used by Giotto, the artist paints on what surface?

Wet plaster

Many of the structural features of the Romanesque church design come from the _____ form of Early Christian churches.

basilica

The first public Christian churches were built using the design known as a

basilica

A _____ is used to reinforce the wall of a building, commonly seen on the facade (front) of a Romanesque church.

buttress

An ancient Arabic proverb proclaims, "Purity of writing is purity of the soul." This refers to what highly valued art form?

calligraphy

A common form of cemetery in the Roman Empire, also used by the Early Christian, is the

catacomb

The use of color to indicate areas of light and shadow, creating an illusion of three-dimensional form, is known as

chiaroscuro

Which Carolingian manuscript most clearly shows the influence of Roman style with its realistic landscape setting and natural human forms?

coronation gospels

The cruciform plan of many Romanesque churches is in the shape of a

cross