Quizzes for Exam One: Strength and Conditioning

If the stress of a training session is too great, which of the following is true?

anabolic reactions < catabolic reactions in the muscle

In order to stimulate increases in bone mineral density, bone must experience a load equal to _________.

1/10 of the fracture force

The A-band is comprised of __ myosin filaments.

2

With respect to training young children, what is the recommended recovery period between resistance training session?

48-72hrs

In a myofibril, in cross section ___ actins can interact with each myosin.

6

Maximum strength is dependent on the following conditions, EXCEPT

All Answers are Correct: - Recruitment of motor units - Pennation of muscle fibers - Contraction velocity - Body size

Which of the following is not true about isometric exercise?

Always produce spikes in systolic blood pressure

Which of the following is not a byproduct of overtraining?

Always results in injury or illness

Which of the following is not a characteristic of using growth hormone?

Directly stimulates ATP production

Which of the following is an example of a hinge joint?

Elbow

Which of the following is not a byproduct of protein breakdown?

Enzymes

Which of the following lever classes has the fulcrum at one end and the effort is applied between the fulcrum and the load?

Class III Lever

The use of a weight belt directly provides stability to the lumbar spine during heavy lifting.

False

Sled pushes for conditioning utilize what form of resistance?

Friction

The side to side shuffling movement of a basketball defender occurs in what anatomical plane?

Frontal

This dietary supplement has been falsely attributed to drastic increases in muscle mass.

HMB

Which of the following is the first phase of Periodization training?

Hypertrophy phase

This line of drugs decrease tremor and calms anxiety.

beta-blockers

The force produced when both limbs contract together is lower than the sum of the forces they produce unilaterally is called

bilateral deficit

When considering exercise program for a child, which is the most important consideration to determine their relative abilities

biological age

A marathon runner is looking to improve her time to fatigue and ability to run longer distances. A combination of which supplements would best help her to achieve these goals?

caffeine, beet root concentrate, and sodium bicarbonate

All of the following hormones use a second messenger to cause effects in the body EXCEPT:

cortisol

An athlete has been taking a supplement for roughly 40 days. He has seen an increase in his squat 1RM, body weight, and vertical jump height. Which of the following are they most likely supplementing with?*

creatine

All of the following are benefits of resistance training in youth EXCEPT

decreased insulin sensitivity

The majority of bone formation occurs where in the bones during growth?

diaphysis (growth plates)

This describes the normal fluctuations in hormone levels throughout the day.

diurnal variation

What is the recommended stretching technique to use with preadolescence as they start their resistance training sessions?

dynamic stretching

Which of the following identifies the layer of connective tissue enveloping a single muscle fiber?

endomysium

Two individuals of the same body mass are lifting weights. Assuming all other factors to be equal, the persona with tendons inserted on the bone ___________ the joint center should be able to lift __________ weight.

farther from; a heavier

This is the location for 85-90% of all intervertebral disk herniations during human movement?

L4-L5 and L5-S1

The active form of the hormone that is most likely to interact with receptors on the target tissue are

free hormones

Acromegaly, a disfiguring disease characterized by a widening of the bones, arthritis, organ enlargement, and metabolic abnormalities, is a risk factor for athletes who use which of the following as an ergogenic aid?

human growth hormone

____________ is the enlargement of muscle fiber cross-sectional area, and ____________ is the increase in the number of muscle fibers via longitudinal fiber splitting.

hypertrophy; hyperplasia

As an adaptation to resistance training, which of the following is a beneficial change in pennated muscles?

increased angle of pennation

Which of the following are primary neural adaptations to anaerobic training?

increased firing rates and increased motor unit recruitment

As an adaptation to anaerobic training, which of the following is the benefit of the stretch response of muscle?

increased force production

Which of the following is a physiological role of growth hormone and its superfamily?

increased immune cell function

Which of the following is the purported ergogenic effect of oral supplementation of arginine?

increased muscle blood flow

Deconditioned female high school athletes who participate in sports such as basketball and soccer appear to be at increased risk for developing injuries to the

knee

This is the primary amino acid associated with muscle protein synthesis.

leucine

The primary differentiation in performance from a sex perspective is that

males typically have more muscle mass

Which of the following is the primary mechanism leading to strength gains in preadolescents?

neural factors

The muscle buffering capacity relates to an athlete's ability to

regulate H+ concentrations

All of the following factors affect the degree to which blood flow is increased in the working muscles during anaerobic training EXCEPT

resting heart rate of the athlete

The primary, and most effective, anabolic steroid used by athletes is

testosterone

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating target heart rate?

Target heart-rate = % intensity X heart-rate reserve + resting heart-rate

Which of the following is an adaptation in tendons from high-intensity anaerobic training?

the increased packing density of collagen fibers

All of the following are adaptations of the endocrine system to resistance training EXCEPT

type of hormone released

The increased ability of the body to increase receptor sensitivity to a hormone to interact with a receptor is known as?

upregulation

When comparing males and females, which of the following is true regarding strength and power capabilities?

When strength is expressed relative to muscle cross-sectional area, no significant differences exist between the sexes

Which of the following is not a fitness misconception?

Working out requires extra energy.

- Liver - Pancreas - Testes

- Insuling-like growth factor (IGF) - Insulin - Testosterone

The following are features of the Female Athlete Triad (RED-S). Select all that apply

- reduced bone mineral density - energy deficiency - loss of menstruation

How many amino acids must be found in your diet and cannot be manufactured by your own body?

9

A strength athlete is taking BCAA, what is the most likely performance enhancement?

No actual effect

This is the definition of power.

Power = Force/Time

The barbell bench press occurs predominantly in which anatomical plane?

Saggital Plane

Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right sections?

Sagittal Plane

Hormones in the bloodstream are protected from degradation and have extended half-lives due to binding proteins.

True

Preadolescent children can and should be prescribed properly programmed resistance training exercises.

True

Unloaded plantar-flexion and dorsiflexion of the ankle joint is an example of what type of lever system?

Type 1

When one is performing a vertical jump, in order to generate sufficient force in a limited amount of time (<200ms), which muscle fibers are bypassed through the principle of selective recruitment?

Type I