Rainbows Concepts

*48.75 degrees

Critical angle for water/air interface

larger

Double bow's angle is ______ than primary bow angle

angles, position

Elements crucial to see rainbow: - _______ ( this is major element to see rainbow) - ________/location of the sun and the viewer

location

Falling water or storms are necessary for rainbow and so are the viewers' ______________ relative to the sun. The different angles or positions that they see the rainbow affect what colors we see. At different angles, we see different colors.

angle, 2, light

How do double rainbows form? - The second rainbow forms when the ________ of the sun on the rainbow allows for __ total internal reflections to occur before the ______ leaves the raindrop

Refraction spreads all the colors

How does refraction affect what we see? Why does refraction matter? Why does it matter if raindrops refract?

away

If facing ________ from sun, you can see rainbow

*refracted, alongside, internally reflected

If the angle of light on raindrop is small (30 degrees), light is ___________. If the angle of light is the critical angle for water (48.75 degrees), light travels ______________ (interverse) water. If the angle of light is big (bigger than 48.75 degrees) than light is _______________ ________________ and total internal reflection occurs.

48.75, 40, 42, 50, 52

MUST happen to see a rainbow: - the angle must be larger than _________ degrees in order for total internal reflection to occur - must be standing at ___-___ degrees to see red and purple of the rainbow - must be standing at ____-___ degrees to see the secondary rainbow (red and purple) - the position of the sun and the viewer are, therefore, crucial

brighter, below, flipped

Primary rainbows are always _________ than secondary rainbow (which is faded). Primary rainbow is always _________ secondary. Both rainbows are ____________. The primary rainbow starts with red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple while the secondary rainbow starts with purple, blue, green, yellow, orange, red.

arch

Rainbows are "bow" or "________" shaped because they are fully a circle

42 degrees

The angle that allows us to see the higher color of the rainbow red

40 degrees

The angle that allows us to see the lower color of the rainbow purple

Total internal reflection

The reflection of light on the back of a raindrop.

less

The second angle of incidence is ____________ than 48.75 degrees

back, light, away, total internal reflection

What is so special about 40-42 degrees? - The angle is so important because this is the angle that the sunlight makes with the ______ of the raindrop. - The _______ passes out of the raindrop and moves _______ from the viewer and is not observed - For us to see the rainbow, the light MUST undergo ______________________________

*total internal reflection

When angle exceeds 48.75, _________________________ occurs

refracted

When light exits the raindrop, color is further ____________

dispersed, prisms

White light is ____________ through a prism due to the different wavelengths of the different colors refracting by different amounts in the rainbow. Water droplets act as _________/spheres. Water is denser than air, so light slows as it enters a water droplet and then speeds ups as it exists.