Read & Interact CH 9 - Geography

geography is the study of how people earn their living and how livelihood systems vary from place to place. (Enter only one word per blank.)

economic

industries are primary industries that remove nonrenewable metallic and nonmetallic resources from the Earth's crust. (Enter only one word per blank.)

extractive

True or false: Since the middle of the 20th century, rapid population growth has exceeded food supplies, leading to problems with malnutrition in many parts of the world.

false

Although the Green Revolution increased world food production, the price for this has included ______. (Select all that apply.)

groundwater depletion a loss of traditional agriculture decrease in food security

Gross National Income measures miss the activities in the ______ economy such as the shoe shining business shown here.

informal

Materials such as gravel and limestone are typically mined ______.

near the site where they are to be used

What proportion of the world's land area is covered by forests?

nearly 1/3

Humankind's basic economic concern is ______.

producing or securing sufficient food resources

subsistence agriculture involves large areas of land and minimal labor input per hectare. Both yields per land unit and population densities are low. (Enter only one word per blank.)

Extensive

Which of these would be considered primary economic activities? (Select all that apply.)

Fishing through aquaculture forestry industrial farming of cattle mineral extraction

______ is a measure of the total domestic and foreign value added of all goods and services claimed by residents of a country during a year.

Gross National Income (GNI)

Which of the following are responsible for a decline in the area covered by forests.

cattle ranching commercial lumbering fuelwood gathering

In agriculture, farmers produce not to provide food for themselves, but primarily for a market off the farm itself. (Enter only one word per blank.)

commercial

Which of these is not one of the five factors controlling the economic activities of humans?

dependency ratios

What is the consequence of exceeding the maximum sustainable yield in fishing?

depletion of fish stocks

industries are primary industries based on harvesting the natural bounty of renewable resources. (Enter only one word per blank.)

gathering

The involved the development of high-yield grain varieties and improved irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide practices. (Enter only one word per blank.)

green revolution

subsistence agriculture involves the cultivation of small land holdings through the expenditure of great amounts of labor per acre. Yields per unit and population densities are both high. (Enter only one word per blank.)

intensive

The of a resource is the largest volume of use that will not impair its ability to be renewed or maintain the same future productivity. (Enter only one word per blank.)

maximum sustainable yield

The physical environment, cultural considerations, technological development, economic factors, and decisions control the economic activity of humans.

political

Countries that depend on primary commodities for the bulk of their export earnings are vulnerable to ______.

price volatility

Developing countries are more dependent on trade of commodities than developed countries. (Enter only one word per blank.)

primary

economic activities are those that harvest or extract something from the Earth. (Enter only one word per blank.)

primary

Which of these is not a focus of economic geography?

spatial distribution of political entities

A farmer in India who produces rice and vegetables primarily for the family's consumption is primarily engaging in a ______ economy.

subsistence

A(n) economy is one in which goods and services are created for the use of the producers and their kinship groups, with little exchange of goods. (Enter only one word per blank.)

subsistence

Farm production in commercial agriculture responds to ______.

the consumption requirements of the larger society

One of the most important factors in determining where low-value materials such as aggregates will be mined is ______.

the cost of transportation