Reading Quizzes History 1,2,3,4

Which of the following is true of Japanese foreign policy under the shoguns?

Beginning in 1630, policies were implemented that sought to sharply restrict Japanese interaction with foreign lands.

The outbreak of the bubonic plague in the fourteenth century began in

China.

Early Botanical Illustration - New World Plants (c. 1492) The Old World dandelion stepped off invaders' ships in the crusted mud of English and Spanish boots and spread far beyond the newcomers' initial cultural dominions, becoming today's most familiar "weed." The commentator in this illustration of the dandelion is also portraying a classical example of the two-directional functioning of the__________.

Columbian Exchange

In the sixteenth century, the Ottomans captured

Egypt and Syria.

Muhammad Ali was the

Egyptian leader who overthrew Ottoman control.

Most of the actual early exploration of the Pacific Ocean was carried out by the

English.

In 1803, the United States doubled in size after the Louisiana Territory was purchased from

France.

Which of the following is true of French involvement in the American Revolution?

French naval involvement was critical in forcing British surrender at Yorktown.

What was a consequence of the nationalist rebellions of the 1820s through 1840s in Europe?

Greek independence

What effect did colonial taxation have in the sub-Saharan African colonies?

It forced farmers to become cash-crop farmers.

Which of the following is true of the economic conditions involving the United States and the war?

It seemed that U.S. recovery from a recession depended on the sale of war materials to the Allied powers.

What nineteenth-century English thinker promoted individual freedom, universal suffrage, taxation of high personal income, and an extension of the rights of freedom and equality to women?

John Stuart Mill

The majority of the "comfort women" in World War II were from China and

Korea.

Who sought to convert China to Christianity?

Matteo Ricci

Which of the following is true regarding the Confucian social hierarchy?

Military forces existed outside it and were considered a necessary evil.

The leader who first organized the Manchu tribes into a centralized state was

Nurhaci.

Which of the following empires began as an Islamic frontier state on the border of the Christian world?

Ottoman

The nation that led the way in early European exploration was

Portugal.

Pan-Slavism was actively promoted by

Russia.

The turning point in Napoleon's empire was his disastrous 1812 invasion of

Russia.

Which of the following is true of the initiation and application of apartheid in South Africa?

The apartheid system divided the black and colored population by a number of measures in order to reduce the possibility of a unified liberation movement.

Which of the following is true of the American state formed in the immediate wake of the American Revolution?

The new government was both federal and based on the idea of popular sovereignty.

In which of the following ways didRussian businesspeople differ from their western European counterparts?

They did not challenge monarchy or rule by nobility in their country.

Which of the following is true of Russian political developments and U.S.-Russia relations in the twenty-first century?

U.S. governmental investigations into Russian hacking of the Democratic National Committee has continued tense relations between Russia and the U.S.

The term manifest destiny is associated with what country?

United States

Ibn Battuta was

a Moroccan legal scholar who traveled extensively and recorded his observations.

According to Freud, the root of neurotic behavior was

a conflict between conscious and unconscious mental processes.

By the late nineteenth century, what was a common characteristic or action shared by the leaders ofthe Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Qing China, and Tokugawa Japan?

a recognition of the need for major reforms if they were to compete with industrial states

The Japanese finally surrendered in August 1945

after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and a declaration of war on Japan by the Soviet Union.

The term mestizo refers to

an individual of indigenous and European parentage.

OPEC is

an oil-producer cartel.

The British initially made use of Australia

as a penal colony.

How was marriage thought of in the Ming and Qing dynasties?

as a purely contractual matter to further the male line of descent

In 1947, the United Nations proposed that Palestine should

be divided into Jewish and Arabic halves.

Which of the following represented a key factor in the end of the Soviet-Chinese alliance?

competition between the countries for influence over newly independent countries in Asia and Africa

The First Five-Year Plan was

designed to transform the Soviet Union from an agricultural nation into an industrial one.

By the end of the nineteenth century, the only thing keeping China from being completely divided up into spheres of influence by foreigners was

distrust among the foreign powers.

Evolutionary socialists despaired of the willingness of governments to enact change and began to call for revolution.

false

In the industrial society, the family was the basic productive unit. Family members worked together and contributed to the welfare of the larger group; there was little distinction between work and family life.

false

Like the practitioners of Islam, practitioners of Christianity resisted synthesis with traditional beliefs and customs of sub-Saharan peoples.

false

The earliest and most successful imitators of the Japanese model for economic development were the "two little tigers," Hong Kong and Thailand.

false

The leader of the opposition to U.S. Marines occupying Nicaragua in the 1920s was Anastacio Somoza Garcia.

false

The mortality rate during voyages in the Middle Passage was strictly managed by slavers during the early years of the trade, but grew worse in the later centuries of the slave trade.

false

The most famous of the Mughal monuments, and one of the most prominent of all Islamic edifices, was the Süleymaniye mosque.

false

With the defeat of Mexico, the United States laid claim to all Mexican territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

false

Central to Renaissance thought was a(n)

fascination with classic Greek and Roman art and philosophy.

Which of the following was a core characteristic of the fascism of the 1920s and 1930s?

hatred and fear of class-based visions of society

In the long term, the Columbian exchange

increased world population because of the spread of new food crops.

Marco Polo's stories

influenced other Europeans to visit China.

In a purely scientific sense, the uncertainty principle proposes that

it is impossible to specify simultaneously both the position and velocity of a subatomic particle.

In the end, Portugal was unable to maintain its early domination of trade because

it was a small country with a small population.

The spread of Mongol control

laid the political foundation for a surge in long-distance trade.

The Catholic church dramatically pushed the sale of indulgences in the sixteenth century because of the

need to raise funds for the construction of St. Peter's basilica.

Which of the following was among Gandhi's actions or advocated methods for achieving Indian independence?

opposing Indian industrialization

The mandate system

particularly angered the Arab world because it violated promises made by the French and British.

Daimyo were

powerful Japanese territorial lords.

For the Spanish, the greatest attraction of the Americas was

precious metals.

The British Calico Acts of 1720 and 1721

prohibited the importation of cotton cloth.

The vast majority of slaves

provided agricultural labor on plantations.

The Treaty of Tordesillas

split Central and South America between Spain and Portugal.

Zheng He was

the Chinese admiral who made seven journeys of exploration.

The reconquista was

the Spanish Catholic capture of Spain back from Islamic control.

The English, French, and Israelis were forced to withdraw from controlling the Suez Canal during the crisis in 1956 because

the United States condemned the attack and forced them to withdraw.

What was the ultimate effect of the Mexican Revolution?

the establishment of a new constitution that addressed some of the goals of the revolutionaries, even the changes were not immediately implemented

Luther's initial stimulus for formulating the Ninety-Five Theses was

the sale of indulgences.

The Meiji reformers actively sought to learn from and mimic western Europeans and Americans because

they wanted to gain parity with foreign powers and force the revision of unequal treaties.

The Council of Trent

took steps to reform the Catholic church.

During the second half of the nineteenth century, many Europeans believed that imperial expansion and colonial domination were crucial for the survival of their states.

true

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the shoguns of Japan brutally and almost completely stamped out the practice of Christianity in Japan.

true

In 1899 the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists, known as Boxers, organized to rid China of "foreign devils" and their influences.

true

In a single generation the Meiji leaders transformed Japan into a powerful industrial society poised to play a major role in world affairs.

true

Slaves resisted in numerous ways: slow work, sabotage of equipment, running away, and slave revolts.

true

The French Revolution and the wars that followed it heightened feelings of national identity throughout Europe.

true

The Nazi eugenics measures in the 1930s served as a precursor to the wholesale extermination of people classified as racial inferiors.

true

The Soviet blockade of Berlin (1948-1949) failed to force the British, French, and Americans to vacate Berlin.

true

The pressures of the Great Depression led to a reassessment of U.S. foreign policy in Latin America during the 1920s and 1930s; this revamped approach became known as the "Good Neighbor Policy."

true

The term fascism derives from the fasces, an ancient Roman symbol of punitive authority consisting of a bundle of wooden rods strapped together around an axe.

true

What was a component of the National Policy?

using tariffs to protect very new industries

As much as ninety-five percent of the condemned witches were

women.