Real Property Questions
A SECTION in a rectangular survey system contains
640 acres per section
The process by which the government can acquire ownership of private land for public use is A) condemnation. B) adverse possession. C) doctrine of prior appropriation. D) escheat.
A) Condemnation - Condemnation is the process through the courts or administrative action by which a government acquires ownership of private land for public use. Eminent domain is the right of the government to acquire ownership and condemnation is the process used to implement that right. Escheat is the taking of land by the government when the land is abandoned or when the owner dies without heirs capable of inheriting the land. The doctrine of prior appropriation is tied to how priority is set in water rights.
Under an existing zoning ordinance, no signs that extend more than three feet above the highest point of a roof may be placed on any building. An owner wants to erect a nine-foot-high revolving sign on the roof of his store. In order to do this legally, the owner must get A) a variance. B) a nonconforming-use permit. C) a special-use permit. D) a deed to the air rights.
A) Variance - A variance permits a landowner to use the property in a manner that is strictly prohibited by the existing zoning. A nonconforming-use permit would only apply to a use that existed prior to the zoning ordinances. A variance does not require ownership of air rights. Special-use permits are tied to how the property is used, such as a school or daycare.
Property owner who has the legal right to cross over a neighbor's land holds
An Easement
A Township contains A) 640 acres. B) 36 sections. C) 6 square miles. D) 23,040 square feet.
B) 36 Sections Each section is 1 square mile. Each township is 6 square miles and contains 36 square miles, so a township contains 36 sections. Each section is 1 square mile, or 640 acres. The 36 square miles of a township are 23,040 acres
The primary intent of zoning ordinances is to A) limit the amount and types of businesses in a given area. B) ensure that proposed land uses conform to the master plan. C) demonstrate the police power of the state. D) protect residential neighborhoods from commercial encroachment.
B) ensure that proposed land uses conform to the master plan. - Zoning ordinances are local laws that implement the master (comprehensive) plan and regulate and control use of land and structures within designated land-use districts.
Primary survey lean running EAST to WEST in the rectangular survey system is
Base Line
A wooded area with biking and hiking trails is situated between old cotton mills and a housing development. This area is considered
Buffer Zone
A section in the rectangular survey system contains A) 36 townships. B) 160 government lots. C) 640 acres per section. D) 160 acres per section.
C) 640 acres per section. Each township contains 36 sections, each section is one square mile, or 640 acres per section.
Personal property includes all of the following EXCEPT A) trade fixtures. B) a chair or sofa. C) emblements. D) a custom built-in bookcase.
D - custom build-in bookcase The key word is built-in; since the bookcase is attached, it is real property. Chairs, emblements, and trade fixtures are all examples of personal property.
A property owner has a large parcel of land surveyed into lots and streets, and then files a SUBDIVISIONS plat. Each lot can legally be described by use of which of the following?
Lot and Block System
When the state or local government restricts the amount of rent a landlord can charge, it is called
Rent Control
A license is an example of a
Temporary right
A tire company has a manufacturing plant located in an area that has just been rezoned for residential use. The company is allowed to continue operating the plant under the new zoning classification as a nonconforming use. However, if the plant is destroyed by fire or other hazard, the tire company MOST likely
Would not be allowed to rebuild the plant in that location under an circumstances
When is a certificate of occupancy issued? A) After a newly constructed building has been inspected and found satisfactory by the municipal inspector B) After applying for a variance C) When applying for a building permit D) After applying for a conditional-use permit
A) After a newly constructed building has been inspected and found satisfactory by the municipal inspector - The certificate of occupancy, granted by an inspector from the jurisdiction, is necessary before a newly constructed building can be used. The certificate can only be issued after construction has been completed. The certificate is not used in determining a variance or a conditional-use permit.
An annual crop that is considered personal property is called A) an emblement. B) an appurtenance. C) an intangible property. D) a fixture.
A) An Emblement - Annually cultivated crops such as fruit, vegetables, and grains are known as emblements and are considered personal property. A fixture is an item that was once personal property, but has been attached or affixed to real estate and has become real property. A fixture is tangible and transfers with the property unless detached from the property prior to its sale. An appurtenance is anything that attaches to and runs with the land, such as improvements, rights, and fixtures.
The primary survey line running EAST and WEST in the rectangular survey system is A) the base line. B) the range line. C) the township line. D) the principal meridian.
A) Base Line base lines run east and west in a rectangular survey system, while the principal meridians run north and south. Township lines run east and west; range lines run north and south. Sections are created through the intersection of these lines.
A landowner divided much of her land into smaller parcels and has recently sold a tract adjacent to a nature preserve. The preserve and the tract that was sold are landlocked and cannot be entered except through one of the other tracts still belonging to the landowner. The buyer of the tract will probably be granted what type of easement by a court action? A) Easement by necessity B) Easement in gross C) Easement by prescription D) Conditional-use permit
A) Easement by Necessity - An easement by necessity arises when there is no ingress or egress (entry or exit) from one piece of property without crossing over a parcel of land owned by another. An easement in gross permits a right-of-way for an individual or company to use another's property. An easement by prescription is acquired when a person makes continuous and visible use of another's land for a certain period of time without the owner's permission. A conditional-use permit is granted by a municipality to a property owner to allow a special nonconforming use of property in a residential district.
When a landowner takes an easy route to his own property over a neighbor's land without the neighbor's knowledge for an extended period of time, the landowner may have acquired A) an easement by prescription. B) a easement by necessity. C) a title by eminent domain. D) a license.
A) Easement by Prescription - An easement by prescription may be acquired through open, continuous, exclusive, actual/visible and notorious/hostile (Remember: OCEAN) use of another's property for a number of years as prescribed by state law. A license is a personal revocable right to enter another's property for a specific use. Eminent domain is the government's right to acquire property for a public use. An easement by necessity is created by a court to grant access to property that has no access to a street or public way (i.e., landlocked property)
A landowner constructed a building seven stories high. Several years later, the municipality changed the zoning ordinance, prohibiting buildings that exceed six stories in height. Which of the following is TRUE regarding the existing seven-story building? A) It is a nonconforming use. B) The building must be demolished. C) The owner must obtain a variance. D) It is a conditional use.
A) Nonconforming Use - A building that existed prior to the current zoning ordinance may be allowed to continue legally with some restrictions A conditional- or special-use permit allows a property to be used for a common good not currently allowed in zoning ordinances. A variance is permission to use a property in a way expressly prohibited by zoning ordinances.
A hurricane destroyed several apartment buildings in a community, creating an imbalance between the supply and demand of rental units. If the local government imposes a law that restricts the amount of rent a landlord may charge, it is known as A) rent control. B) rent restriction. C) gross rent. D) fixed rent.
A) Rent Control - Rent control is, by definition, the government restricting the amount a property owner may charge. Rent restrictions are tied to property requirements such as every building having a certain number of low-income residents. A gross or fixed lease is when the tenant pays only rent.
All of the following are variances EXCEPT A) a retail store in a residential neighborhood. B) a building that exceeds height limits. C) an owner given permission to build into a setback. D) a fence built to a height of 15 feet.
A) Retail store in a residential neighborhood
A woman has permission from her friend to hike on his property during the autumn months. Her friend has granted her A) a license. B) a conditional-use permit. C) an easement by necessity. D) riparian rights.
A) a license. - A license is a personal revocable right to use another's property with permission of the owner. The permission is personal, nontransferable, and can be revoked at any time. A conditional-use permit is granted by a city or municipality to a property owner to allow a special nonconforming use of property in a residential district. Riparian rights give to owners of land along the course of a river, stream, or similar body of water the rights to use the water according to state or local laws. An easement by necessity is created by a court when an owner sells a parcel of land that has no access to a street except over the seller's remaining land.
The construction of a family room, additional bedroom, and extra bathroom has been completed on the owner's home. Before the addition can be used, which of the following is TRUE? A) certificate of occupancy must be issued. B) The municipality must issue a conditional-use permit. C) The bath must be inspected by the plumbing inspector. D) The municipality must issue a building permit.
A) certificate of occupancy must be issued. - A certificate of occupancy grants permission to occupy a completed building structure after it has been inspected. A building inspector may inspect the plumbing during the actual building process before completion. A building permit is issued before construction begins. A conditional-use permit does not relate to actual building construction but permits use of a property for a use related to, but not permitted by, zoning ordinances.
For land to be taken by the government under its right of eminent domain, which of the following must apply? A) The taking must be for a public purpose. B) There must be a statutory dedication. C) This must be an adverse action. D) There must be constructive notice.
A) taking must be for a public purpose
To determine the kinds of land uses and the amounts of land for each use in a subdivision, a developer must consider A) the master plan of the local government. B) what the developer considers an ideal development. C) the customs of the area and what other developers have already constructed. D) which buildings will provide the most profit for the developer.
A) the master plan of the local government. - A master plan (or comprehensive plan) created by a local government usually covers land use, housing needs, community facilities, utilities, and energy conservation. Before the actual subdividing can begin, a developer must go through the process of land planning. The resulting land development plan must comply with the municipality's master plan. While other considerations may be important to the developer, they must comply with the master plan.
How many acres are in a lot that is one-quarter of a mile wide by one-quarter of a mile long? A) 10 acres B) 40 acres C) 80 acres D) 120 acres
B) 40 Acres 1,320 feet (1/4 (.25) of 5,280 feet {one mile}) × 1,320 feet = 1,742,400 square feet ÷ 43,560 (square feet in an acre) = 40 acres
A landowner sells one acre of his two-acre property to a friend. He reserves for himself an appurtenant easement over the friend's land for ingress and egress. The landowner's property is A) subject to an easement in gross. B) the dominant tenement. C) cleared of the easement when the landowner sells the remaining acre to a third party. D) the servient tenement.
B) Dominant Tenement - The landowner's parcel benefits from the easement and is the dominant tenement. The neighbor's tract, over which the easement runs, is the servient tenement. The landowner's easement remains with the property when it is sold. An easement in gross is a company's right to use another's property, such as an easement for a utility company to run power lines over another's property.
A homeowner recently fenced his property. By mistake, the fence extends one foot over his own lot line onto a neighbor's property. The fence has created A) an easement by prescription. B) an encroachment. C) an easement by necessity. D) a license.
B) Encroachment A license is a personal revocable right to use another's property with permission. An easement by necessity is created by a court when an owner sells a parcel of land that has no access to a street except over the seller's remaining land. An easement by prescription is created when a person openly, continuously, exclusively, actually, and notoriously (hostile) uses land of another without the owner's permission. REMEMBER: OCEAN.
A property owner tells his next-door neighbor that she can store her camper in his yard for a few weeks until he needs the space. The property owner does NOT charge the neighbor rent for the use of his yard. The owner has given his neighbor A) an easement by necessity. B) a license. C) an estate in land. D) an easement appurtenant.
B) License - A license is a revocable personal privilege to use the land of another for a specific purpose, and the right is given orally or informally. The property owner's permission does not grant the neighbor an easement or an estate in the land.
A woman applies to the municipality for permission to open an adult daycare facility in her neighborhood. Many elderly persons live in the neighborhood. The municipality may grant her A) a variance. B) a special-use permit. C) a nonconforming-use permit. D) an amendment to the zoning ordinance.
B) Special-use Permit - A special-use permit usually is granted to a property owner to allow a special use of a property for the common good. A nonconforming-use permit allows an existing property to be used for a purpose that existed prior to current zoning ordinances and not permitted under those ordinances. A special-use permit would not require an amendment to zoning ordinances. A variance is permission to build a structure or conduct a use that is expressly prohibited by current zoning laws.
The Method of describing land that uses compass degrees, feet, and monuments is known as A) the informal system. B) the metes-and-bounds system. C) the rectangular survey system. D) the lot and block system.
B) The Metes and bounds system - A metes-and-bounds system starts at a point of beginning (POB) and proceeds around the property's boundaries by referring to linear measurements, monuments, and directions. An informal system would be a street address. The rectangular survey system divides land into rectangles and describes those rectangles with principal meridians and base lines. The lot and block system uses lot and block numbers referred to in a plat map and is often used in urban areas.
The buyer has been informed in the title work that there is an easement on the property he has under contract. At closing, what will happen with the easement? A) The buyer needs to send the seller notice to terminate the easement before closing in order to have it removed. B) The easement will transfer with the title, with the buyer's only choice being to terminate the purchase contract if the easement is an issue. C) If the buyer's attorney sends a lis pendens with a notice of revocation, the easement will terminate upon transfer of the title. D) The easement will transfer with the deed but can be revoked once the buyer is in title.
B) The easement will transfer with the title, with the buyer's only choice being to terminate the purchase contract if the easement is an issue. - Easements are irrevocable rights, so the seller or buyer cannot terminate or revoke the easement. The buyer's only choice is to take the property with the easement or terminate the purchase contract.
The right of the government to take ownership of real property is called A) condemnation. B) eminent domain. C) escheat. D) police power.
B) eminent domain. the process by which the right is exercised is condemnation. Escheat is the taking of land by a government when the land is abandoned or when the owner dies without heirs capable of inheriting the land. Police power is the government's rights to impose laws and regulations for the public welfare.
An owner of a property with a lake has given the neighbor verbal permission to fish in the lake. The neighbor's right of use is MOST likely A) an easement appurtenant. B) an easement in gross. C) a license. D) an encumbrance
C - License A license is a personal right to enter the land of another for a specific purpose and can be terminated or revoked at any time. Typically, these are not in writing and are not considered to be encumbrances since the owner may take the license. Easements are irrevocable written—usually in a deed—rights of use in another property.
Tax Lien on a property can hinder the sale of property because it is A) an encroachment. B) a general lien and will attach to the real and personal property. C) an encumbrance. D) a monetary charge that the purchaser must satisfy.
C) An Encumbrance - claim, charge, or liability that attaches to real estate. It is a right or interest held by someone other than the fee owner of the property and affects title to real estate. A tax lien is a specific lien attached to the real property when real estate property taxes are not paid by the owner. It is not an encroachment, which is an illegal extension of a building or structure onto another's property. A purchaser is not required to satisfy a tax lien unless agreed to by the purchaser in the purchase contract.
Neighbor A uses Neighbor B's driveway to reach A's garage, which is on their property. B's attorney explains that ownership rights of A's real estate includes an easement appurtenant, giving him the right to use B's driveway. In this case, B's property is A) the leasehold interest. B) the dominant tenement. C) the servient tenement. D) the licensed property.
C) Servient Tenement - In an appurtenant easement, the parcel over which the easement runs is known as the servient tenement, and the neighboring parcel that benefits from the easement is known as the dominant tenement. B's property is the servient tenement, and A's is the dominant tenement. The easement does not create a leasehold estate. A license is a personal privilege with permission from a landowner to enter the land for a specific purpose.
A map illustrating the sizes and locations of streets and lots in a subdivision is called A) a metes and bounds. B) a survey. C) a subdivision plat. D) a government survey.
C) Subdivision Plat - A plat is a map. A subdivision plat is a map of a subdivision showing at least those details required by local subdivision regulations. A survey is the process by which boundaries and land areas are measured and determined. Metes and bounds and government survey are not part of a plat map.
A town enacts a new zoning code. Under the new code, commercial buildings are not permitted within 1,000 feet of a nearby lake. A commercial building built years before on the lakeshore but permitted to continue in its former purpose operates as A) a special use. B) a variance. C) a nonconforming use. D) an adverse possession
C) a nonconforming use. - Nonconforming-use permits allow uses existing before zoning restrictions were enacted prohibiting those uses. A municipality may allow the uses to continue for a specified length of time and with a limited right of transfer to later buyers. A variance is permission for a property use expressly prohibited by zoning ordinances. A special use or conditional use is permission to use a property for a related, but nonconforming, use for the public good. Adverse possession is not related to zoning issues but refers to the open, hostile, and continuous possession of another's property.
A pizza parlor rents space in a retail shopping center. Its owner bolts a large iron pizza oven to the floor to cook the pizzas. The oven is A) a rental fixture. B) a fixture. C) a trade fixture. D) a real property.
C) a trade fixture. - The iron oven is a trade fixture used for a specific business purpose. It is personal property even though it is attached to the rented space. The owner must remove the oven on or before the last day of the lease. A fixture is an item permanently attached to the property and is considered real property. If the restaurant owner assembles and builds an oven in the space that cannot easily be removed, its removal may cause severe damage to the space. If not removed, the oven becomes a permanent fixture—real property—belonging to the landlord.
A purchase contract contains several personal property items and fixtures that will be transferred upon sale of the property. Which of the following is TRUE? A) The fixtures and personal property will need to be itemized in the bill of sale. B) All fixtures must be listed in the deed to convey to the buyer. C) All personal property must be listed in the bill of sale to convey to the buyer. D) There is no need to list the personal property in the contract because it will automatically convey unless it is excluded by the seller.
C) all personal property must be listed in the bill of sale to convey to the buyer - Fixtures are appurtenant, attached to the property, and automatically conveyed with the deed without being listed. Personal property must be listed in the bill of sale in order to be included in the sale
All of the following terms are associated with the economic characteristics of real estate EXCEPT A) area preference. B) improvements. C) license. D) permanence of the investment.
C) license. - A license is the permission to use another's property and is not an economic characteristic of property. Permanence of the investment refers to the labor and capital used for an investment. Area preference refers to the location of the property. Improvements are additions to a property to enhance its value.
A municipality establishes development goals that are often used to control growth in its A) environmental regulations. B) restrictive covenants. C) master plan. D) building codes.
C) master plan. - Local governments establish development goals by creating a master plan, which is also known as a comprehensive plan. Restrictive covenants are private limitations on the use of property established by a developer or owner and binding on future owners. Governments pass environmental regulations to help maintain clean air and water. Building codes are ordinances that specify construction standards that must be met when constructing or repairing buildings.
The system of legal description that defines a parcel of land by tracing its perimeter is known as A) lot and block system. B) street address. C) metes and bounds. D) rectangular survey.
C) metes and bounds. - A metes-and-bounds description traces a parcel's perimeter by starting at a point of beginning (POB) and always ending back at the POB so the described tract is completely enclosed. The rectangular survey system divides land into rectangles and describes those rectangles with principal meridians and base lines. The lot and block system uses lot and block numbers in a plat map to describe property and is often used in urban areas. A street address is not a legal description.
Process by which the government can acquire ownership of private land for public use
Condemnation
All of the following are true of the government's police power EXCEPT A) that it takes private land if the public will benefit from the taking. B) that it is used to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of the community. C) that it sets land-use policy to demonstrate the authority of the state. D) that it sets private controls in certain subdivisions on the types of floor plans, fencing, and house colors.
D Government rights do not include the private right to control issues within only certain neighborhoods; these are known as deed restrictions and are usually set by the original developer.
The type of easement granting a right-of-way for a utility company's power lines is A) an easement by prescription. B) an appurtenant easement. C) an easement in gross. D) an easement by necessity
D - Easement in Gross Easements in gross are individual rights to use someone's land, as in the case of the utility company. An easement in gross can be assigned, conveyed, and inherited. An easement by necessity is created by a court when an owner sells a parcel of land that has no access to a street except over the seller's remaining land. An easement by prescription is acquired when a person makes continuous and visible use of another's land for a certain period of time without the owner's permission. An appurtenant easement has two parties; an example would be a right to drive across a neighbor's land.
A property owner who has the legal right to cross over a neighbor's land holds A) an encroachment. B) a police power. C) an estate in land. D) an easement
D) An Easement - An easement is a right of use or passage. An easement is not an estate in land, as it does not create any right of ownership. An easement is not an exercise of the police power of the state. An easement is not an encroachment, which is an illegal extension of a structure onto another's property.
Which of the following is NOT an example of governmental power? A) Police power B) Eminent domain C) Taxation D) Declaration
D) Declaration The four governmental powers that limit private rights on land are represented by the acronym PETE: police power, eminent domain, taxation, and escheat. Declaration is used to establish common interest property such as condominiums.
Which Statement about Encumbrances on real estate is TRUE? A) Encumbrances are of no monetary value to their owners. B) An encumbrance on a property makes it impossible to sell the property. C) All encumbrances must be removed before the title can be transferred. D) Easements and encroachments are always encumbrances on real property.
D) Easement and encroachments are always encumbrances on real property - An encumbrance is a charge or claim that attaches to real property and lessens its value or impairs its use - An easement is a right to use the land of another for a specific purpose. -An encroachment occurs when a building or structure illegally extends onto another's property or beyond legal property lines. -Both easements and encroachments are encumbrances. -An encumbrance transfers with a property when the property is transferred or sold. Encumbered land may be sold to anyone who is willing to accept these limitations included with the land. -An easement on a parcel is an encumbrance to the owner of the land but an appurtenance (something of value) to the owner, or holder, of the easement.
A developer grants a local power company the right to install necessary transmission lines. The developer has granted the power company A) a license. B) a conditional-use permit. C) an easement by prescription. D) an easement in gross.
D) Easement in Gross - An easement in gross is a company's right to use another's land. A license is a personal privilege to enter the land of another for a specific purpose. A license can be terminated or canceled. An easement by prescription is acquired when a person makes continuous and visible use of another's land for a certain period of time without the owner's permission. A conditional-use permit is granted by a municipality to a property owner to allow a special nonconforming use of property in a residential district.
A property description states, "Starting at the corner of Ash Street so many feet to 2nd Street," and so forth. This description is MOST likely A) a lot and block. B) a government survey. C) a rectangular survey. D) a metes and bounds.
D) Metes and Bounds - This is the only legal description that uses a starting point. The rectangular survey system and the government survey system, divides land into rectangles and describes those rectangles with principal meridians and base lines. The lot and block system uses lot and block numbers referred to in a plat map and is often used in subdivisions.
Legal descriptions are used in purchase contracts and deeds and must be accurate. All of the following would be considered a good and accurate legal description EXCEPT A) a description using compass degrees and a point of beginning. B) the lot and block number. C) the section, township, and range where the property is located. D) the property address with full zip code.
D) Property Address with full zip code Addresses which change are not used as legal descriptions but are often included as a property reference. Lot and block, metes and bounds, and the government survey are all acceptable legal descriptions.
A metes-and-bounds legal description A) is used to complete areas omitted from recorded subdivision plats. B) is not acceptable in court in most jurisdictions. C) can be made only in areas excluded from the rectangular survey system. D) uses descriptions moving in a set direction
D) Uses descriptions moving in a set direction - A metes-and-bounds description starts at a point of beginning (POB) and moves clockwise around the boundaries, always ending back at the POB so the described tract is completely enclosed. The metes and bounds, government survey, and lot and block are all accepted in courts. The method may be used in areas included in the rectangular survey system. The metes-and-bounds method is often used to survey large parcels of land before the parcels are broken into subdivision plats.
The BEST way to ensure that there are no encroachments to a property and to properly verify the boundaries of a parcel of land is to A) write a legal description. B) find the monuments. C) verify the benchmarks. D) get a survey.
D) get a survey. - Encroachments are found through actual notice or visual inspection by the buyer or someone working for the buyer. A survey shows the location of all improvements on a property and whether any improvements extend over the property lines. A legal description is a description of a specific real estate parcel complete enough for an independent surveyor to locate and identify the parcel. Monuments are fixed objects or markers to identify corners or places where boundary lines change directions, but they will not identify encroachments. Benchmarks are permanent reference points established for use in surveys to measure differences in elevation, but they will not identify encroachments
Under its police powers, a municipality may regulate all of the following about housing in a development EXCEPT A) lot sizes. B) building heights. C) type of structure. D) restrictive covenants.
D) restrictive covenants. - Restrictive covenants are private controls of land use, not public controls. Building heights, lot sizes, and types of structure may be regulated by a municipality under its police powers.
The LEAST specific method for identifying real property is A) metes and bounds. B) lot and block. C) rectangular survey. D) street address.
D) street address. - A legal description is a precise method of identifying a parcel of land and includes metes and bounds, rectangular survey, and lot and block methods. A street address is not a legal description and, therefore, not as precise.
All of the following will terminate an easement EXCEPT A) the abandonment of an easement. B) the nonuse of a prescriptive easement. C) when the need for the easement no longer exists. D) the release of the right of easement from the servient tenant to the dominant tenement.
D) the release of the right of easement from the servient tenant to the dominant tenement. - An easement is terminated when the owner of the dominant tenement who benefits from the easement releases that right to the owner of the servient tenement. All of the other events shown will terminate an easement.
To determine whether a location can be put to future use as a retail store, you would examine A) the building code. B) the list of permitted nonconforming uses. C) the housing code. D) the zoning ordinances or regulations.
D) the zoning ordinances or regulations - Zoning ordinances regulate how properties in various parts of a jurisdiction may be used. Nonconforming uses refer to uses existing prior to current zoning ordinances but now permitted by a jurisdiction. Building/housing codes are ordinances that specify construction standards that must be met when constructing or repairing buildings.
A recorded subdivision plat is used in the: A) the metes-and-bounds system. B) the lot and block system. C) the geodetic survey system. D) the rectangular survey system.
Lot and Block system - A recorded subdivision plat, which becomes part of the legal description, uses the lot and block system. The rectangular survey system divides land into rectangles and describes those rectangles with principal meridians and base lines. The geodetic survey system refers to the government system that identifies property through a network of benchmarks, each one identified by its longitude and latitude. The metes-and-bounds system outlines the perimeter of a parcel by starting at one point and ending at the same point.
If the owner of the dominant tenement becomes the owner of the servient tenement and merges the two properties, A) the easement becomes dormant. B) the easement is terminated. C) the properties retain their former status. D) the easement is unaffected.
The easement is terminated - One way of terminating an easement occurs when the owner of either tenement becomes the owner of both, and the properties are merged under one legal description. At that point, there is no more need for the original easement.