REL 350W Final Quiz (Quiz 1, 2, and 3)

The Gospel of Matthew starts with a genealogy, which honors the reputation and status of a person. In Matthew 1:1, it begins "An account of the genealogy of Jesus the Messiah, the son of David, the son of [_____]." This aligns Jesus with two important Old Testament figures.

Abraham

"Most scholars today believe that one author wrote both the gospel of Luke and the [_____] of the Apostles" (Sholtz 114).

Acts

The Gospel of Luke is a gospel that is oriented to not only Israel but to all nations/Gentiles. This is initially evident in its inclusion of a genealogy of Jesus. Unlike Matthew's genealogy, Luke's genealogy begins in reverse starting with Jesus and ending with [_____], the 'father of humanity' and first human, who is called son of God.

Adam

In the gospel of Luke, Luke uses various people of status to help create an accurate time of when events occurred. One example is in Luke 2, where Luke writes, "In those days a decree went out from Emperor [_____] that all the world should be registered. This was the first registration and was taken while Quirinius was governor of Syria." (Luke 2:1-2)

Augustus

Jesus is said to be born in [_____] in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke rather than Nazareth.

Bethlehem

In Mark 8:27 "Jesus asked his disciples, 'Who do people say that I am?' And they answered him, 'John the Baptist; and others, Elijah; and still others, one of the prophets. He asked them, 'But who do you say that I am?' Peter answered him, 'You are the Messiah.'" This famous conversation happened as they were traveling alongside the villages of [_____] (2 words).

Caesarea Philippi

One of the possible sources of Jesus' Son of Man language comes from the Old Testament book of [_____], where God as Ancient One took his throne; his clothing was white as snow, and the hair of his head like pure wool; his throne was fiery flames, and its wheels were burning fire, and the Son of Man comes to God on the clouds.

Daniel

In Luke, we read about a priest named Zechariah and his wife who was a descendant of Aaron. They lived according to the commandments and regulations of the lord. "But they had no children, because [_____] was barren, and both were getting on in years."

Elizabeth

[_____] (one word) is a character in the Old Testament who is said to have been the great-great-great-great grandson of Adam, and to have walked with God until he was "taken" by God (Genesis 5:24). In a later apocalyptic text bearing this person's name, he is directly referred to as the "Son of Man."

Enoch

The end of the Infancy Gospel of Thomas expands on a story told in Luke 2:41-51 about Jesus when he was twelve years old. Jesus and his parents went to Jerusalem for the festival of the Passover. After the festival ended, Jesus stays behind in Jerusalem, but his parents didn't know and assumed he was in a group of travelers heading home. They began to worry when they could not find Him, but after three days they found him in the temple, teaching all who heard him. His mother cried out why He had done this to them and Jesus responds, "Why were you searching for me? Did you know know that I must be in my [____] house?" (Luke 2:49)

Father's

Following his baptism by John the Baptist, Jesus began his ministry in [_____] a northern region of Palestine with a major fishing business because of the large lake in its region.

Galilee

In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus is aligned with the prophets Isaiah, Elijah, and Elisha, indicating the author had knowledge of Old Testament scripture. However, the Gospel of Luke's focus on geographical and temporal accuracy and detail is characteristic of a [_____] historian.

Greek

In the Infancy Gospel of Thomas, Jesus is taught [____] letters (alphabet) as a means of making him civilized, so he will stop accidentally killing people and being unruly with his divine powers.

Greek

In Gospel of Mary 10:11-13 (Miller numbering), after Levi criticizes Peter for questioning what Mary has said, he says, "Rather we should be ashamed and, once we have clothed ourselves with the perfect [_____], we should do what were were commanded and announce the good news, and not be laying down any rules or making laws."

Human

As described in Scholtz, Jesus uses the phrase [____] (two words) in the Gospel of John frequently to describe himself in sayings that are metaphors for himself, like "the bread of life" (John 6:35), "the light of the world" (John 8:12), and "the good shepherd" (John 10:11).

I am

In Acts of John 98, we see that John is actually allowed to hear the voice of Jesus from that beyond place and that the cross represents the unity of all the things that Jesus has done, "This cross of light is sometimes called Word by me for your sakes, sometimes Mind, sometimes Jesus, sometimes Christ, sometimes Door, sometimes Way, sometimes Bread, sometimes Seed, sometimes Resurrection, sometimes Son, sometimes Father, sometimes Spirit, sometimes Life, sometimes Truth, sometimes Faith, sometimes Grace." This emphasis and repetition of these "sometimes" phrases closely resembles the [____] (two words) sayings found throughout the Gospel of John.

I am

[_____] texture analysis focuses on words as tools for communication. This is a stage of analysis prior to the analysis of 'meaning', that is, prior to 'real interpretation' of the text. Example of this type of analysis include focus on repetition and progression.

Inner

An important text for understanding Jesus in Luke's Gospel is Luke 4:18 where Jesus says "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to bring good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim release to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to let the oppressed go free," depicts Jesus as the new [_____] and portrays a map of what Jesus is going to do in the rest of Luke.

Isaiah

Both Matthew and Mark point to Jesus' appearances in Galilee to the North, but Luke presents Jesus' appearances in and around [_____].

Jerusalem

The city where Jesus was crucified and which was the home of the only temple for Jews was [_____].

Jerusalem

The Infancy Gospel of James writes of a time before Jesus: the story of His mother, Mary. Mary's mother and father, Anna and [____], were unable to conceive a child and were ashamed. So they prayed to God to bless them with a child and promised the child as a gift to God who would serve God all its life.

Joachim

In the Infancy Gospel of James, when Salome hears from Mary's midwife that Mary is still a virgin even after giving birth, she insists on checking for herself before she believes it. Upon doing so, she cries out "I'll be damned because of my transgression and my disbelief; I have put the living God on trial. Look! My hand is disappearing It's being consumed by the flames!" (Infancy Gospel of James 20:3-4). This scene is similar to Thomas's behavior in the Gospel of [_____], as Thomas refuses to believe that Jesus is resurrected until he puts his finger in the marks in his hands and side for himself.

John

The Gospel of [_____] is believed to be the last of the four Canonical Gospels to have been written around 90-100 CE.

John

Isaiah 40:3 prophesies that "one crying in the wilderness" will "prepare the way of the Lord" (Isaiah 40:3). This scripture is recontextualized in the Gospel of Mark when [_____] (three words) "prepares the way" for Jesus (Mark 1:3).

John the Baptist

The prophet [_____] (3 words) prepares the way for Jesus' ministry by pointing to the one who was to come after him and by depicting through his own death by beheading how Jesus the Messiah will also be rejected, arrested, and killed.

John the Baptist

In the Gospel of Infancy Thomas Jesus proclaims "Don't you know that I don't really belong to you? Don't make me upset" (Infancy Thomas 5:5-6). This is one of the first times we see Jesus openly say that [____] is not his father, and he even uses this as leverage against him.

Joseph

One aspect of repetitive texture in the Gospel of Mark is the [_____] (3 words), which is the hope of God's coming rule and reign on earth. This topic is referenced 14 times in Mark.

Kingdom of God

In the Gospel of John, there is an ill man with two sisters, Mary and Martha, who dies and is buried in a tomb, and Jesus raises him from the dead. Jesus says to his disciples, "Our friend [_____] has fallen asleep, but I am going there to awaken him" (John 11:11).

Lazarus

According to John, in precreation Jesus as the Word was the source and creator of [____], which "was the light of humans. And the light shines in the darkness, and the darkness did not overcome it" (John 1:4-5).

Life

In Luke 11, Jesus taught the disciples to pray by telling them to say: "Father, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our sins, for we ourselves forgive everyone indebted to us. And do not bring us to the time of trial. This is called the [ _____]. (2 words)

Lord's Prayer

In Infancy James, an angel of the lord appears to Anna much like an angel appears to Mary in the Gospel of [____]. The angel tells Anna that the Lord has heard her prayer and that she will give birth to a child who will be talked about all over the world (4:1).

Luke

Mary is a popular forename in the New Testament. The Gospel of Mary does not focus on Mary the mother of Jesus, but Mary [____], who, according to Luke 8:2, was possessed by seven demons whom Jesus drove out.

Magdalene

In John 20 Jesus' tomb is found to be empty and it is later understood that Jesus had been resurrected. John 20:17, where Jesus says, "I am ascending to my Father and your Father," is an important verse upon which the Gospel of [____] expands.

Mary

In the opening of I Samuel, Hannah, one of Elkanah's wives, is barren but prays earnestly and ultimately gives birth to the prophet Samuel (1 Samuel 1). Similarly, in the Gospel of Infancy James, Anna, wife of Joachim, is also childless, but after praying and lamenting her barrenness, she becomes pregnant and gives birth to [____].

Mary

In the Gospel of Mary 5:5-7 (Miller numbering), she tells the disciples, "Do not weep and do not grieve nor be irresolute, for His grace will be entirely with you and protect you. But rather, let us praise His greatness, for He has prepared us and made us into [_____].

Men

[_____] texture can be seen throughout the Gospels and focuses on divine power that restores and brings new energy to human beings. In Luke 8:44 a woman came up behind Jesus, "touched the fringe of his clothes, and immediately her hemorrhage stopped."

Miracle

The opening chapters of Matthew mirror the story line of [_____] when telling about the birth and childhood of Jesus. An example of this is in Exodus 1:16: The King of Egypt said ...: "When you act as midwives to the Hebrew women, and see them on the birthstool, if it is a boy, kill him; but if it is a girl, she shall live." This closely resembles Matthew 2:16-18, "When Herod saw that he had been tricked by the wise men, he was infuriated, and he sent and killed all the children in and around Bethlehem who were two years old or under"

Moses

In the transfiguration account in the Acts of John, the earthly Jesus talks to the eternal logos Jesus, rather than to [_____] (three words) as he is in the Synoptic Gospels.

Moses and Elijah

[_____] (2 words) Discourse, one of the three ways of being religious in the ancient Mediterranean world, focused on interaction between humans and the divine on the plane of history. This discourse parallels the Prophetic and Apocalyptic cultural textures of Judaism and early Christianity.

Mythical Historical

When the first few segments of the Gospel of Thomas were discovered in Egypt, they were not recognized as part of an undiscovered gospel and were thought to be only a handful of stray sayings. That changed, however, when the [____] (two words) library was uncovered, which included a more complete copy of the Gospel of Thomas.

Nag Hammadi

The [_____], or the drawing near of the Son of Man, is a central and common theme in apocalyptic texture where it talks about the "end of time". In Mark 13:26, it says that "At that time, people will see the Son of Man coming in clouds with great power and glory." The end of time signifies the day when God loses patience with the wickedness of the world and oversees judgment of the Earth.

Parousia

Throughout Mark, there are three [_____] Predictions where Jesus foretells his death and suffering to the disciples. These predictions appear in Mark 8:31, 9:31, and 10:33-34 where the disciples fail to grasp the concept that Jesus will be the suffering-dying-rising Messiah.

Passion

In the Gospel of John, Jesus dies as the [_____] lamb whose bones were not broken, "But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs... These things occurred so that the scripture might be fulfilled, 'None of his bones shall be broken'" (19:32-33, 36).

Passover

Mark 14:1 begins at a time when the chief priests and scribes are searching for a way to arrest Jesus. "It was two days before the [_____] and the festival of Unleavened Bread."

Passover

In Mark 8, after feeding the four thousand, Jesus asks his disciples "Who do you say I am?" (Mark 8:29). [_____] expresses his belief in Jesus saying, "You are the Messiah" (8:29). As typical in the Gospel of Mark, Jesus responds by instructing his disciples "not to tell anyone about him" (Mark 8:30).

Peter

The [_____] were a strictly observant Jewish group that existed during the time of Jesus. They were an organization whose ideas centered on social reform through enforcement of the practices of the Mosaic Laws and their interpretations—the oral torah. Throughout the Gospels this group is often depicted as being in opposition to Jesus and his teachings.

Pharisees

Jesus was crucified between 29 AD and 34 AD, during which time [_____] (2 words) was serving as the Roman procurator for the city of Jerusalem.

Pontius Pilate

The [_____] in the very beginning of the Gospel of Luke sets it apart from the other gospels. Here, Luke himself is speaking to Theophilus and explaining how he will, in his following writings, convey the story of Jesus.

Prologue

Carter differentiates Luke from the other Gospels as it is the only Gospel that has an actual sequel that recounts the spread of the message of Jesus to the wider [_____] world.

Roman

The Gospel of Luke is one of two Gospels that mentions the [_____], a group who were viewed as outsiders by Israelites. Luke describes one of the most famous parables regarding a man of this group of people who saves a man who was beaten up on a road.

Samaritans

In Mark, Jesus foretells that the Son of Man will go through much suffering and will be rejected and killed, and after three days rise again. Peter rebukes Him saying that this shouldn't happen. Jesus then says, "Get behind me, [_____]! For you are setting your mind not on divine things but on human things." (Mark 8:33).

Satan

One unique characteristic of the gospel of Matthew is the [_____] (4 words) which emphasizes his teachings and begins in Matthew 5:1-3 with "When Jesus saw the crowds, he went up the mountain; and after he sat down, his disciples came to him. 2 Then he began to speak, and taught them, saying: 'Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven."

Sermon on the Mount

In the beginning of Matthew 4, we find Jesus being tempted in the wilderness by the devil. "He fasted for forty days and forty nights, and afterwards he was famished. The tempter came and said to him, 'If you are the [_____] (3 words), command these stones to become loaves of bread.'"

Son of God

One of the times Jesus was tempted was during his return from Jordan. In Q Luke 4:1-13, Jesus was tempted by the devil for forty days. "He ate nothing at all during those days, and when they were over, he was famished. "If you are the [_____] (3 words), command this stone to become a loaf of bread." Jesus answered him, "It is written, 'One does not live by bread alone.'" (4:1-4)

Son of God

After Jesus tells the disciples in Gospel of Mary 4:8 (Miller numbering), "Go then and preach the gospel of the Kingdom," the disciples grieve and weep, saying, "How shall we go to the Gentiles and preach the gospel of the Kingdom of the [_____] (three words)? If they did not spare Him, how will they spare us?"

Son of Man

In the Gospel of Mary 4:3-7 (Miller numbering), Jesus says, "Beware that no one lead you astray saying, "Lo here or lo there! For the [_____] (three words) is within you. Follow after Him! Those who seek Him will find him."

Son of Man

Prophetic-apocalyptic blended texture in Q Luke 11:29 consists of the declaration that "'This generation is an evil generation; it asks for a sign, but no sign will be given to it except the sign of Jonah. For just as Jonah became a sign to the people of Nineveh, so the [_____] (three words) will be to this generation,'" because Jesus is a prophet to confront the people and warn them of their doom, but eventually becomes the savior of the people and the symbol of redemption and mercy from God.

Son of Man

Scholars often point out the secrecy related to who Jesus is in the gospel of Mark. The secret is revealed in Mark 14:61-62 when the high priest asks Jesus "Are you the Messiah, the Son of the Blessed One?' 62 Jesus said, 'I am; and"you will see the [_____] (3 words) seated at the right hand of the Power", and "coming with the clouds of heaven."

Son of Man

When the gospel narratives are laid out side by side, the gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke share much material in common. Because of this, Matthew, Mark, and Luke are often termed [_____] (2 words).

Synoptic Gospels

The emphasis in Luke in the account of the [_____] is on Jesus having been anointed to go to Jerusalem for his exodus to heaven. (Robbins 2013 p. 88)

Transfiguration

in the Infancy Gospel of Thomas, the boy Jesus teaches a teacher who is attempting to teach him the alphabet. In 6:23, Jesus talks about the first letter alpha, explaining, "How it has two straight lines or strokes proceeding to a point in the middle, gathered together, elevated, dancing, three-cornered, two-cornered, not antagonistic, of the same family, providing the alpha has lines of equal measure." He is probably referring to the [____].

Trinity

There are three basic theories on the literary relationship between the Gospels of Mark, Matthew, and Luke. The [_____] (three words) argues that Mark and a sayings document called Q were used by Matthew and Luke in the composition of their gospels

Two Source Theory

John 1:14 says "And the [____] became flesh and made his dwelling among us." The phrase ho logos is the Greek term and is used to describe Jesus as God's son on earth. It also shows God's ability to create things just like in Genesis.

Word

In Infancy Thomas, [____] offered to Joseph that he would teach Jesus the Greek alphabet to get him under control. After speaking with the boy Jesus, however, he realized that while he "strove to get (himself) a disciple," he found himself actually having "a master." (InfThomas 7:2)

Zaccheus

While Matthew starts his Gospel with Mary and Joseph, Luke's story starts with [_____] in the temple at Jerusalem when he receives an angelic visit predicting the birth of his son, John the Baptist.

Zechariah

In Gospel of Mary 3:2, Peter asks Jesus, "What is the sin of the world?" In 3:3-8, "The Savior said, 'There is no sin, but it is you who make sin when you do the things that are like the nature of [_____], which is called sin. Then He continued and said, 'That is why you become sick and die, for you are deprived of the one who can heal you."

adultery

The religious texture that talks of the end times followed by divine intervention when the Earth will be renewed is [______] texture. This can be seen in Mark 13:21-27 where Jesus warns of false messiahs who will attempt to lead the elect astray. He talks of "that suffering" when "the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light." Then, "they will see "the Son of Man coming in clouds" with great power and glory. Then he will send out the angels, and gather his elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of heaven."

apocalyptic

In Matthew 18, the disciples asked Jesus, "Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?" In answering them, Jesus came to them and said, "Truly I tell you, unless you change and become like [_____], you will never enter the kingdom of heaven (Matt 18:3)."

children

Matthew's gospel is the only gospel in the New Testament that uses the word [_____]. Jesus talks about how members should interact with one another and creates a community for this new-found religion.

church

During the Last Supper in John, Jesus washes the feet of his disciples. Through this ritual, he enacts the new [_____] he gives to them to "love one another just as I have loved you" (John 13:34-35).

commandment

In Infancy Thomas, Jesus' childhood from age five to age twelve is the focus. As Jesus grows up, he performs many miracles. At the beginning of the story, he gathers water into pools and with a single command purifies the water by separating muddy earth out of it. Then he molds twelve sparrows out of soft clay and gives them life. All of this is like he is playing [____]. But he also takes life, which means he must learn how to control his powers. He has much wisdom even at his young age as seen in his interactions with his tutors.

creation

In Mark 8, Jesus is talking with his disciples about the sacrifice it would take to follow him in his ministry. "He called the crowd with his disciples, and said to them, "If any want to become my followers, let them deny themselves and take up their [_____] and follow me" Mark 8:34).

cross

During his crucifixion in the Acts of John, John flees to the Mount of Olives. In a cave on the Mount of Olives, Jesus shows John a [____] (three words), and says to John "This ... is sometimes called Word by me for your sakes, sometimes Mind, sometimes Jesus, sometimes Christ ... But in truth, as known in itself and as spoken to us, it is the marking off of all things and the uplifting and foundation of those things that are fixed but had been unstable, and the harmony of the wisdom and indeed the wisdom of the harmony" (Acts of John 98).

cross of light

The Gospel of Thomas contains 114 units (logia) of sayings attributed to Jesus which are often placed in short dialogues or are parables. Therefore, it is constructed differently from the four Canonical Gospels, because it does not have a narrative account of the life of Jesus that ends with the [_____] and resurrection of Jesus.

crucifixion

In the opening of the Gospel of Thomas the narrator says "'Whoever discovers the interpretation of these sayings will not taste death" (Thomas 1:1). This shows the reader that knowing one's self is the means to gain [____] (2 words)

eternal life

The word [_____] is Greek for "gospel" or "good news." It is where we get the word evangelist, of which we find Mark to be the first .

evangelion

The Son's prayer found in John 17 is driven by priestly and precreation rhetorolects. Jesus prays before his crucifixion, and the prayer paints Jesus as the Son who has completed the work the Father gave him to do on earth. Included throughout the prayer is a motif of [____], referring to Jesus' relation to the Father 'before the world existed.'

glorification

In the opening of the Gospel of Thomas, we are presented with a theme of "knowing." "3 But, the kingdom of Heaven is inside of you and outside. 4 Whoever knows himself will find it" (3:3-4). From the Greek word for "know," people often refer to the Gospel of Thomas as [____].

gnostic

While Mark contains a focus on Jesus' teaching of the Kingdom of God, Mathew uses the term Kingdom of [_____] as a form of circumlocution of the word God, following a form of Jewish religious piety that avoids saying God's name directly (Scholz, 106).

heaven

In John 2:1-11, we witness Jesus performing a miracle while at a wedding in Cana. When his mother comes and reports that there is not enough wine, Jesus' response is: "'Woman, what concern is that to you and to me? My [____] has not yet come.'"

hour

Sociorhetorical interpretation examines the values and beliefs of literature and the world. Individual locations, relation to groups, modes of intellectual discourse, and spheres of ideology are all examples of [_____] texture.

ideological

Within the New Testament, the gospels are interwoven with oral-scribal [_____] originating from the Hebrew Bible. Many aspects of the Gospels are the result of reworking and engagement with Hebrew bible figures such as Moses, Abraham, and Elijah being applied to Jesus.

intertexture

The Q Texts contain prophetic texture in which Jesus describes his lifestyle as that of an [_____], describing how he travels from place to place and saying that "... the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head (Q Luke 9:58)"

itinerant

A dramatic exorcism took place in Matthew 8:28-34 when two demon possessed men approached Jesus. Jesus cast the demons out of the men and send them into a herd of pigs, after learning that their name was [_____].

legion

In contrast to Luke, where Jesus seeks and finds the lost, in Thomas, you must seek and find the meaning of Jesus' words so the kingdom of God may be inside of you. This is illustrated in the gospel of Thomas 1:1 when Jesus says "Whoever finds the meaning of these words will not die." In Thomas 3:3-5 Jesus continues, "But the kingdom of Heaven is inside of you and outside. Whoever knows himself will find it. And when you know yourselves, you will understand that you are the children of the [____]" (two words).

living father

While the Gospel of Thomas has versions of sayings and parables in Matthew, Mark, and Luke, its point of view is more similar to the Gospel of John. Thomas is considered a "sayings gospel" and each saying unit is called a [____].

logion

While Jesus was alive he spent much of his time teaching. In Q Luke 6:27-36, he said "But I say to you that listen, [_____] your enemies, do good to those who hate you, bless those who curse you, pray for those who abuse you." (6:27-28)

love

The opening portion of the Gospel of Mary has been lost. When the portion available to us begins, someone has asked Jesus about the nature of [_____], whether it will be destroyed or not. This signals to us that there is significant philosophical texture in this gospel.

matter

In the Gospel of Mary, when Mary is relaying to the disciples what Jesus told her in private, she talks about asking Jesus the process by which she sees visions. Jesus responds that "He does not see through the soul nor through the spirit, but the [____] that is between the two that is what sees the vision" (Gospel of Mary 7:6). This is a rare example of philosophical texture, in which Jesus explains how humans and the universe work.

mind

Jesus appears in many forms throughout the Acts of John. In some instances he appears as a child (88) and in others as a "bald-headed" man "with a thick and flowing beard" (89). When the Acts of John recounts the transfiguration of Jesus on the mountain in the presence of Peter, James, and John (90)—a story which is told in Matthew, Mark, and Luke—Jesus' body is not simply bright and shining, but it is "[_____], and not at all like a man" (90).

naked

"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 He was in the beginning with God. 3 All things came into being through him" (John 1:1-3). These verses in John show [____] texture.

precreation

The Gospel of John reconfigures Hebrew bible text in John 1:1-5 through [_____] texture when it describes Jesus as the agent and agency of creation of the world as the Word.

precreation

Infancy James describes the upbringing of Mary the future mother of Jesus. The document is driven by [_____] texture throughout, starting from before her birth to after the birth of Jesus. Mary is depicted as growing up in the temple and being kept from anything unclean.

priestly

Infancy James is set before Jesus is born and doesn't even have a focus on Jesus, but rather goes back to when Mary was born. Strong [____] texture is used in Infancy James which includes not only offerings, but also talk of blessing, joy, and gladness.

priestly

One example of [_____] texture is present in Matthew 6:3-4. Jesus instructed his followers by saying, "But when you give alms, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your alms may be done in secret; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you."

priestly

In the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus frequently issues new, revamped commands which function as "new Torah." He often uses the phrase "woe to you" when addressing those who are backsliding, giving Matthew a mix of repetitive and [_____] texture (Robbins The Invention of Christian Discourse 118).

prophetic

Consisting of the birth, the bringing up, and the selection of Joseph as the Guardian of Mary, the Infancy Gospel of James is also called the [____] because it comes prior to the good news.

protoevangelium

In the Gospel of John, Mary Magdalene requests that the man (Jesus) who comes up to her while she is weeping outside the empty tomb tell her where he has laid the body, if he has carried it away, Jesus speaks her name, "Mary!" Mary turns and speaks to Jesus in Hebrew calling him "[____]," which means "teacher" (John 20:16).

rabbouni

In Q, Jesus says nothing about the death/crucifixion or [_____] as events in the career of the Son of Man. But in Mark these events become a major topic and show up prominently in the Son of Man sayings.

resurrection

In the Gospel of Thomas, Jesus teaches and asks his disciples many things. During one of those times, Jesus asks his disciples to describe what he is like. Matthew said, "You are like a sage, a temperate person." Peter said, "You are like a [____] (two words)."

righteous angel

The Gospel of Thomas is often referred to as a [____] gospel, because it contains many of the "secret words that the Living Jesus spoke" (DeConick 2007).

sayings

Robbins' analytic technique helps readers identify the "five textures of text: inner texture, intertexture, social and culture texture, ideological texture, and sacred texture" (Robbins The Invention of Christian Discourse 115). This approach is called [_____] (2 words).

socio-rhetorical interpretation

In the synoptic gospels, Jesus often teaches in parables (for example, the parable of the sower, Matt 13:1-9; Mk 4:1-9; Lk 8:4-8) or with one-liners. However, in John's gospel, Jesus teaches primarily through extended [____] in which he is often the focal point of the discussion.

speeches

In the Acts of John, the beloved disciple John talks about Jesus' many physical forms when he is seen by the other disciples, and even by himself. At one point, he says that "Sometimes when I meant to touch him, I met a material and solid body, and at other times, again, when I felt him, the [_____] was immaterial and bodiless and as if it were not existing at all."

substance

In Mark 10:17-19, a rich man comes to Jesus and asks him for religious guidance. "As he was setting out on a journey, a man ran up and knelt before him, and asked him, 'Good Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?' Jesus said to him, 'Why do you call me good? No one is good but God alone. You know the commandments: "You shall not murder; You shall not commit adultery; You shall not steal; You shall not bear false witness; You shall not defraud; Honor your father and mother."'" These verses illustrate a blending of prophetic and [_____] textures.

wisdom

In Q Luke 7:33-35, there is a comparison made between John the Baptist and the Son of Man. Where it says, "For John the Baptist has come eating no bread and drinking no wine, and you say, 'He has a demon'; the Son of Man has come eating and drinking, and you say, 'Look, a glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!' Nevertheless, [_____] is vindicated by all her children."

wisdom

In the Gospel of John, John the Baptist changes from a prophet to a [____] as he testifies about Jesus to the disciples who are with him and they not only go and follow Jesus, but they go and tell another person about Jesus. This starts a chain of sharing belief where people come to Jesus and also believe in him.

witness