Renal/Urinary

Which structure is found separating the renal pyramids? Renal papillae Ureter Renal columns Renal pelvis

Renal columns

Where does the kidney filter the blood? Renal pelvis Renal tubule Renal pyramid Renal corpuscle

Renal corpuscle

Where does filtration of the blood occur within the kidneys? Renal pyramids Renal pelvis Renal medulla Renal cortex

Renal cortex

Which of the following regions of the kidney is in contact with the fibrous capsule? Renal medulla Renal cortex Renal pyramid Renal pelvis

Renal cortex

Which region of the kidney is the most superficial? Renal pelvis Renal medulla Renal column Renal cortex

Renal cortex

A major calyx is a component of which of the following anatomical structures? Renal medulla Renal pelvis Renal sinus Renal cortex

Renal pelvis

The ureter, blood vessels, and nerves penetrate the kidney on its medial surface. False True

True

The vessel that supplies blood to the nephron is called the ________. arcuate artery efferent arteriole afferent arteriole cortical radiate artery

afferent arteriole

The pressure in the left source beaker simulates _______. osmotic pressure glomerular hydrostatic pressure blood pressure capsular pressure

blood pressure

When blood pressure increases, what changes can occur to maintain glomerular filtration rate? dilation of the efferent arteriole dilation of the afferent arteriole constriction of the afferent arteriole dilation of the afferent arteriole constriction of the afferent arteriole and dilation of the efferent arteriole dilation of the efferent arteriole

constriction of the afferent arteriole and dilation of the efferent arteriole

In which segment of the nephron would you find cuboidal cells with many microvilli and mitochondria? distal convoluted tubule proximal convoluted tubule glomerulus nephron loop (thin segment)

proximal convoluted tubule

At which concentration of glucose carriers was the glucose concentration reduced to zero? 100 200 300 400

400

What is the normal range for glomerular filtration rate? 80 - 140 ml/min 20 - 40 ml/min 200 - 250 ml/min 1 - 5 ml/min

80 - 140 ml/min

Which hormone had the greater effect on urine volume? Neither ADH nor aldosterone affected urine volume. Both ADH and aldosterone had an equal effect on urine volume. ADH aldosterone

ADH

What is the function of the renal pelvis? Changes the composition of urine Filters waste products out of the blood Collects newly formed urine Receives the glomerular filtrate

Collects newly formed urine

Where are the renal columns located? Renal pelvis Renal pyramids Renal medulla Renal cortex

Cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, ureter

The fibrous capsule is a layer of adipose tissue that surrounds the kidney. False True

False

The medullary pyramids contain collecting tubules (ducts) that travel towards the renal cortex, carrying urine to exit the kidney. False True

False

Name the strong transparent covering that encases the kidney: Broad ligament Perirenal fat capsule Renal fascia Fibrous capsule

Fibrous capsule

As the pressure in the beaker was increased, which of the following occurred? Glomerular filtration rate increased, and urine volume decreased. Glomerular filtration rate decreased, and urine volume decreased. Glomerular filtration rate increased, and urine volume increased. Glomerular filtration rate decreased, and urine volume increased.

Glomerular filtration rate increased, and urine volume increased.

Where does the ureter penetrate the kidney? Hilum Renal medullla Carina Renal cortex

Hilum

What happened to the urine concentration when the solute gradient in the interstitial space was increased? The urine concentration stayed the same. The urine concentration increased. The urine concentration went to zero. The urine concentration decreased.

The urine concentration increased.

What happened to the urine volume when the solute gradient in the interstitial space was increased? The urine volume decreased. The urine volume increased. The urine volume went to zero. The urine volume stayed the same.

The urine volume decreased.

What will happen to the urine volume if ADH is NOT added to the collecting duct? The urine volume will decrease. The urine volume will stay the same. The urine volume will go to zero. The urine volume will increase.

The urine volume will increase.

Blood flows from the peritubular capillary to the renal vein through this sequence of vessels. cortical radiate vein, arcuate vein, interlobar vein cortical radiate vein, interlobar vein, arcuate vein arcuate vein, cortical radiate vein, interlobar vein interlobar vein, arcuate vein, cortical radiate vein

cortical radiate vein, arcuate vein, interlobar vein

The addition of aldosterone _______. increased the urine volume decreased the urine volume to zero decreased the urine volume resulted in no change in urine volume

decreased the urine volume

Which of the following resulted in an increase in glomerular filtration rate? increasing the efferent arteriole diameter increasing the efferent arteriole diameter and increasing the afferent arteriole diameter decreasing the afferent arteriole diameter decreasing the efferent arteriole diameter and increasing the afferent arteriole diameter decreasing the efferent arteriole diameter and decreasing the afferent arteriole diameter

decreasing the efferent arteriole diameter and increasing the afferent arteriole diameter

As the number of glucose carriers increased, the concentration of glucose in the _______. distal tubule decreased and bladder decreased distal tubule decreased distal tubule increased and bladder decreased distal tubule increased bladder decreased

distal tubule decreased and bladder decreased

When the beaker pressure was lowered, which of the following decreased? glomerular filtration rate urine volume glomerular pressure and glomerular filtration rate glomerular pressure glomerular pressure, glomerular filtration rate and urine volume

glomerular pressure, glomerular filtration rate and urine volume

This structure is a capillary bed from which blood is filtered into the nephron: renal corpuscle glomerulus peritubular capillary glomerular capsule

glomerulus

Which structures form the filtration membrane in the nephron? efferent arteriole and the glomerular capsule afferent arteriole and the efferent arteriole glomerulus and the glomerular capsule afferent arteriole and the glomerular capsule

glomerulus and the glomerular capsule

When the glucose transport maximum is reached, _______. glucose is excreted in the urine and all of the glucose is reabsorbed all of the glucose is reabsorbed glucose is excreted in the urine not all of the glucose is reabsorbed glucose is excreted in the urine and not all of the glucose is reabsorbed

glucose is excreted in the urine and not all of the glucose is reabsorbed

Which of the following resulted in a decrease in glomerular capillary pressure? decreasing the afferent arteriole diameter increasing the efferent arteriole diameter increasing the efferent arteriole diameter and decreasing the afferent arteriole diameter increasing the afferent arteriole diameter decreasing the efferent arteriole diameter and increasing the afferent arteriole diameter

increasing the efferent arteriole diameter and decreasing the afferent arteriole diameter

When the efferent arteriole constricts, _______. the glomerular capillary pressure increases the back pressure in the Bowman's capsule increases urine volume decreases the glomerular filtration rate decreases

the back pressure in the Bowman's capsule increases

With the valve between the collecting duct and the urinary bladder closed and with the pressure increased, _______. the glomerular filtration rate increased and the glomerular pressure decreased the glomerular filtration rate increased the glomerular pressure decreased the glomerular pressure increased the glomerular filtration rate increased and the glomerular pressure increased

the glomerular filtration rate increased and the glomerular pressure increased

With ADH added but in the absence of aldosterone, _______. the potassium concentration decreased and urine volume decreased the potassium concentration increased the potassium concentration increased and urine volume decreased the potassium concentration decreased urine volume decreased

the potassium concentration increased and urine volume decreased

This type of epithelium is found lining the inside of the urinary bladder: simple squamous transitional stratified squamous simple cuboidal

transitional

With the valve between the collecting duct and the urinary bladder closed, _______. the glomerular pressure decreased urine volume was zero the glomerular filtration rate was zero the glomerular pressure increased

urine volume was zero

The nephron loops of the juxtamedullary nephrons are surrounded by a looping, ladder-like blood vessel called the ________. perinephron capillary medullary loop vasa recta peritubular capillary

vasa recta

The urine was the most concentrated _______. with aldosterone without ADH with ADH but without aldosterone without both ADH and aldosterone with both ADH and aldosterone

with both ADH and aldosterone