Reproductive TB2

56) A boy has a genetic mutation such that FSH is not produced, but LH is normal. After the boy grows to maturity, it is likely he will A) not develop secondary sex characteristics. B) be sterile. C) be impotent. D) have impaired function of the interstitial cells. E) produce large amounts of inhibin.

B

23) The special type of cell division required to produce gametes is called A) mitosis. B) meiosis. C) maturation. D) capacitation. E) fertilization.

B

24) The external marking of the boundary between the two testes is the A) spermatic cord. B) raphe. C) tunica albuginea. D) acrosome. E) dartos muscle.

B

26) The fold of skin that covers the glans penis is the A) ejaculatory duct. B) prepuce. C) corpus cavernosum. D) corpus spongiosum. E) penile urethra.

B

27) The urethral meatus is an opening in the A) prepuce. B) glans penis. C) corpus spongiosum. D) corpus cavernosum. E) corona radiata.

B

31) The pituitary hormone that stimulates the interstitial cells to secrete testosterone is A) FSH. B) LH. C) ACTH. D) ADH. E) GH.

B

33) The male reproductive system is most closely associated with which of the following systems? A) muscular B) urinary C) endocrine D) digestive E) integumentary

B

36) The delicate layer of serous membrane that covers the testis is called the A) median raphe. B) tunica vaginalis. C) tunica albuginea. D) dartos. E) lamina propria.

B

37) A primary spermatocyte matures into ________ spermatids having ________ chromosomes. A) millions of; 46 B) four; 23 C) one; 46 D) millions of; 23 E) four; 46

B

38) The special type of cell division required to produce gametes is called A) mitosis. B) meiosis. C) maturation. D) capacitation. E) fertilization.

B

47) A typical ejaculation releases approximately ________ sperm. A) 1 million B) 250 million C) 100,000 D) 20 million E) 800 million

B

51) If the prostate stopped secreting fluid, this would result in semen A) that lacked sperm. B) with a higher than normal pH. C) with less fructose. D) with no mucus. E) that was rich in prostaglandins.

B

48) Secondary spermatocytes each contain A) 23 chromosomes. B) 23 pairs of chromosomes. C) twice the diploid number of chromosomes. D) 46 pairs of chromosomes. E) 46 chromosomes.

A

54) Contraction of the dartos muscle A) tightens the scrotal sac. B) produces an erection. C) propels sperm through the urethra. D) moves sperm through the ductus deferens. E) initiates seminal emission.

A

55) Functions of the accessory glands of the male reproductive system include all of the following except A) production of spermatozoa. B) meeting the nutrient needs of spermatozoa for motility. C) propelling spermatozoa and fluids along the reproductive tract. D) producing buffers. E) activating the spermatozoa.

A

6) The organ that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra is the A) ductus deferens (vas deferens). B) epididymis. C) seminal gland (seminal vesicle). D) ejaculatory duct. E) corpus cavernosum.

A

69) The broad ligament is a(n) A) extensive mesentery that encloses the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus. B) thickened fold of mesentery that supports and stabilizes the position of the ovary. C) pocket formed between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior surface of the rectum. D) structure that anchors the ovary to the rectouterine pouch. E) structure that extends from the lateral surface of the ovary to the pelvic wall.

A

77) A rise in the blood levels of follicle-stimulating hormone at the beginning of the ovarian cycle is responsible for A) follicle maturation. B) menstruation. C) ovulation. D) menopause. E) atresia.

A

85) The uterine phase that develops because of a fall in progesterone levels is the A) menses. B) proliferative phase. C) secretory phase. D) follicular phase. E) luteal phase.

A

30) The role of FSH in males is to A) stimulate the interstitial cells to produce testosterone. B) stimulate the nurse cells to produce inhibin. C) initiate sperm production in the testes. D) develop and maintain secondary sex characteristics. E) influence sexual behaviors and sex drive.

C

32) Which of the following glands contributes the most volume to semen? A) prostate gland B) rete testis C) seminal gland (seminal vesicle) D) bulbourethral gland E) prepuce

C

45) The ductus deferens is approximately ________ cm long. A) 15-20 B) 50-60 C) 40-45 D) 31-35 E) 12

C

50) Where in the male reproductive system would you expect to find the most mature spermatozoa? A) in the seminiferous tubules B) in the head of the epididymis C) in the ductus deferens and ejaculatory duct D) in the seminal gland E) in the prostate gland

C

7) Inward projections of the tunica albuginea, known as septa, divide the testis into A) seminiferous tubules. B) straight tubules. C) lobules. D) rete testis. E) the epididymis and the testis proper.

C

70) The organ that transports the ovum to the uterus is the A) uterosacral ligament. B) vagina. C) uterine (Fallopian) tube. D) infundibulum. E) myometrium.

C

72) The round ligaments extend from the A) base of the uterus and vagina to the lateral walls of the pelvis. B) lateral surface of the uterus to the anterior surface of the sacrum. C) lateral margins of the uterus, through the inguinal canal to the external genitalia. D) body of the uterus to the fundus. E) cervix of the uterus to the vagina.

C

74) The thick muscular layer of the uterus is the A) endometrium. B) perimetrium. C) myometrium. D) uterometrium. E) sarcometrium.

C

76) The surge in luteinizing hormone that occurs during the middle of the ovarian cycle triggers A) follicle maturation. B) menstruation. C) ovulation. D) menopause. E) atresia.

C

8) Straight tubules originate at the seminiferous tubules and form a network of passageways called the A) epididymis. B) ductus deferens. C) rete testis. D) efferent ducts. E) vas deferens.

C

87) Fatty folds of skin that encircle and partially conceal the labia minora and vestibule are the A) fornices. B) ampullae. C) labia majora. D) mons pubis. E) vestibular arches.

C

90) The principal hormone secreted by the corpus luteum is A) LH. B) FSH. C) progesterone. D) luteosterone. E) estrogen.

C

5) The organ that monitors and adjusts the composition of tubular fluid, recycles damaged spermatozoa, and is the site of sperm maturation is the A) ductus deferens. B) rete testis. C) seminal gland (seminal vesicle). D) epididymis. E) prostate gland.

D

68) Which of the following descriptions best matches the term endometrium? A) thick layer of smooth muscle cells B) supports the uterus anteriorly C) supports the uterus laterally D) consists of a functional zone and a basilar zone of epithelium E) After ovulation, the ovum is captured by it.

D

71) The organ that provides mechanical protection and nutritional support for the developing embryo is the A) vagina. B) uterine tube. C) ovary. D) uterus. E) cervix.

D

75) Which of the following statements concerning oogenesis is false? A) Oogenesis begins before birth. B) Ova develop from stem cells called oogonia. C) An ovum completes its last meiosis after it is fertilized. D) About half the oogonia complete mitosis between birth and puberty. E) By the time of their birth, girls have already lost about 80 percent of their oocytes.

D

78) The average length of the menstrual cycle is ________ days. A) 16 B) 19 C) 21 D) 28 E) 35

D

81) During the menses, A) progesterone levels are high. B) a new uterine lining is formed. C) secretory glands and blood vessels develop in the endometrium. D) the old functional layer is sloughed off. E) the corpus luteum is most active.

D

83) The vagina is A) lined by simple columnar epithelium rich in goblet cells. B) similar to the inner lining of the uterus. C) another term for the cervix. D) a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the external genitalia. E) a muscular tube extending between the uterus and the anus.

D

91) Menstruation is triggered by a drop in the levels of A) FSH. B) LH. C) relaxin. D) progesterone. E) inhibin.

D

97) The ________ is the rounded portion of the uterine body superior to the attachment of the uterine tubes. A) body B) cervix C) myometrium D) fundus E) internal os

D

34) Which of the following can be found inside the spermatic cord? A) blood vessels B) nerves C) lymphatic vessels D) ductus deferens E) All of the answers are correct.

E

35) Nurse cells A) are found in the seminiferous tubules. B) form the blood-testis barrier. C) coordinate spermatogenesis. D) secrete the hormone inhibin. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

40) During meiosis I, maternal and paternal chromosomes come together during the process called ________ to form a ________. A) synapsis; chromatid B) prophase I; chromatid C) synapsis; spermatid D) metaphase II; tetrad E) synapsis; tetrad

E

43) Interstitial cells A) are also called Leydig cells. B) respond to luteinizing hormone. C) produce testosterone. D) are located between seminiferous tubules. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

44) The PSA test is used for diagnosis of A) testicular cancer. B) penile cancer. C) prostatitis. D) premature puberty. E) prostate cancer.

E

10) The spermatic cord is A) a bundle of tissue that contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics that serve the testis. B) a narrow opening that links the scrotal chamber with the peritoneal cavity. C) the external marking of the boundary between the two chambers of the scrotum. D) a layer of smooth muscle in the skin of the scrotal sac. E) a dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds the testis.

A

15) Sperm develop from stem cells called A) spermatogonia. B) primary spermatocytes. C) secondary spermatocytes. D) spermatids. E) spermatozoa.

A

39) Spermatozoa are functionally matured within the A) epididymis. B) ductus deferens. C) rete testes. D) seminiferous tubules. E) seminal gland (seminal vesicle).

A

41) Crossing over occurs during ________ of meiosis ________. A) prophase; I B) metaphase; I C) interphase; II D) prophase; II E) interphase; I

A

42) How many tetrads form during synapsis? A) 23 B) hundreds C) thousands D) 46 E) 4

A

92) The granulosa cells of developing follicles secrete A) estradiol. B) progesterone. C) FSH. D) LH. E) GnRH.

A

14) Sperm production occurs in the A) ductus deferens. B) seminiferous tubules. C) epididymis. D) seminal glands (seminal vesicles). E) rete testis.

B

16) When spermatogonia divide, the daughter cells are called A) spermatogonia. B) spermatocytes. C) spermatids. D) spermatozoa. E) Sertoli cells.

B

79) During the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle, the A) corpus luteum is forming. B) functional zone of the endometrium is restored. C) fertilized ovum implants. D) old functional layer is sloughed off. E) endometrium finalizes the preparation for implantation.

B

84) The vulva includes all of the following except the A) mons pubis. B) vagina. C) labia minora. D) clitoris. E) labia majora.

B

86) The space bounded by the labia minora is the A) fornix. B) vestibule. C) hymen. D) clitoris. E) isthmus.

B

95) The ________ is the region of the vagina that surrounds the cervix. A) rugae B) fornix C) dartos D) fundus E) external os

B

100) The primary follicle develops from the A) ovarian hilum. B) tunica albuginea. C) primordial follicle. D) ovarian stroma. E) granulosa cells.

C

11) The dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds the testis is called the A) median raphe. B) spermatic cord. C) tunica albuginea. D) dartos. E) epididymis.

C

17) The cells that are formed during spermatogenesis by the first meiosis are called A) spermatogonia. B) primary spermatocytes. C) secondary spermatocytes. D) spermatids. E) spermatozoa.

C

19) The organ that produces a secretion that contains fructose, prostaglandins, and fibrinogen is the A) prostate gland. B) bulbourethral gland. C) seminal gland (seminal vesicle). D) corpus cavernosum. E) preputial gland.

C

20) The organ that surrounds the urethra and produces an alkaline secretion is the A) seminal gland (seminal vesicle). B) bulbourethral gland. C) prostate gland. D) preputial gland. E) Bartholin's gland.

C

25) The organ that delivers semen into the female reproductive tract is the A) urethra. B) ejaculatory duct. C) penis. D) corpus cavernosum. E) corpus spongiosum.

C

3) Sperm are moved along the ductus deferens (vas deferens) by A) hydrostatic force. B) ciliary action. C) peristaltic contractions. D) suction. E) hydraulic action.

C

93) Which of the following is not an action of estrogen? A) stimulates bone growth B) maintains female secondary sex characteristics C) mimics the symptoms of menopause D) maintains accessory reproductive organs E) initiates repair of the endometrium

C

94) Problems with ligaments attachments to the uterus or stretched ligaments would result in A) an increased probability of STDs. B) cervical cancer. C) a change in orientation of the uterus. D) endometriosis. E) All of the answers are correct.

C

96) Which region of the uterine tube captures the ovum? A) ampulla B) anterior segment C) infundibulum D) posterior segment E) isthmus

C

99) The portion of the uterine tube that ends in fingerlike fimbriae is the A) ampulla. B) distal segment. C) infundibulum. D) proximal segment. E) isthmus.

C

12) Interstitial cells produce A) sperm. B) inhibin. C) nutrients. D) testosterone. E) androgen-binding protein.

D

13) The nurse cells of the seminiferous tubules do all of the following except A) maintain the blood-testis barrier. B) support spermiogenesis. C) secrete inhibin. D) secrete testosterone. E) secrete androgen-binding protein.

D

22) Semen contains all of the following except A) spermatozoa. B) seminal fluid. C) prostaglandins. D) spermatogonia. E) fibrinogen.

D

28) The erectile tissue that surrounds the urethra is the A) membranous urethra. B) penile urethra. C) glans penis. D) corpus spongiosum. E) corpus cavernosum.

D

29) The paired erectile bodies in the penis are the A) membranous urethra. B) penile urethra. C) corpus spongiosum. D) corpora cavernosa. E) prepuce.

D

4) Arrange the four structures listed below into the order in which sperm pass from the testis to the urethral meatus. 1. ductus deferens 2. urethra 3. ejaculatory duct 4. epididymis A) 1, 3, 4, 2 B) 4, 3, 1, 2 C) 4, 1, 2, 3 D) 4, 1, 3, 2 E) 1, 4, 3, 2

D

46) In a mature human spermatozoan, the A) acrosome is next to the flagellum. B) midpiece contains the chromosomes. C) tail contains the mitochondria. D) head contains 23 chromosomes. E) head is diploid.

D

49) Testosterone is secreted by the A) hypothalamus. B) adenohypophysis. C) nurse cells. D) interstitial cells. E) suprarenal cortex.

D

1) The reproductive system includes A) gonads and external genitalia. B) ducts that receive and transport the gametes. C) accessory glands and organs that secrete fluids. D) organs for copulation. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

18) The process of spermiogenesis produces A) spermatogonia. B) primary spermatocytes. C) secondary spermatocytes. D) spermatids. E) spermatozoa.

E

2) The reproductive system A) produces gametes. B) stores gametes. C) transports gametes. D) nourishes gametes. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

21) The small paired structures at the base of the penis that secrete a thick, alkaline mucus are the A) seminal vesicles. B) prostate glands. C) preputial glands. D) Bartholin glands. E) bulbo-urethral glands.

E

52) A vasectomy would interfere with a man's ability to A) secrete testosterone. B) make sperm. C) ejaculate. D) produce semen. E) deliver spermatozoa to the ejaculatory duct.

E

53) Contraction of the cremaster muscles A) tenses the scrotal sac. B) pulls the testes closer to the body cavity. C) propels sperm through the urethra. D) moves sperm through the ductus deferens. E) tenses the scrotal sac and pulls the testes closer to the body cavity.

E

57) A male bodybuilder starts taking injections of testosterone (an anabolic steroid) on a daily basis. After three weeks, which of the following would you expect to observe? A) increased sex drive B) decreased levels of GnRH C) decreased levels of LH and FSH D) increased muscle mass E) All of the answers are correct.

E

73) The inferior one-third portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina is the A) isthmus. B) fornix. C) fundus. D) body. E) cervix.

E

80) During the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, A) the fertilized ovum implants. B) progesterone levels are high. C) endometrial glands enlarge. D) the corpus luteum is formed. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

82) Which of the following statements concerning the vagina is false? A) It serves as a passageway for the elimination of menstrual fluids. B) It receives the penis during coitus. C) It holds spermatozoa prior to their passage to the uterus. D) It forms the lower portion of the birth canal. E) It loses a portion of its lining during menses.

E

88) The clitoris A) is derived from the same embryonic structures as the penis in males. B) engorges with blood during sexual arousal. C) is topped by a small erectile glans. D) contains erectile tissue comparable to the corpora cavernosa of the penis. E) All of the answers are correct.

E

89) The pigmented skin that surrounds the nipple is the A) zona reticularis. B) fornix. C) zona pellucida. D) peripapilla. E) areola.

E

9) Which of the following muscles move the testes toward the body? A) the cremaster B) the tunica muscularis C) the biceps brachii D) the dartos E) both the cremaster and the dartos muscles

E

98) The attachment of the ovary to the uterus is with the A) infundibulopelvic ligament. B) tunica albuginea. C) ovarian umbilical cord. D) ovarian hilum. E) ovarian ligament.

E