research methods final exam
Dr. Kushner is planning on conducting a study next semester. He is curious as to whether sleep deprivation is associated with poorer cognitive performance. For example, if you sleep poorly the night before a big exam, will you do worse? Dr. Kushner is especially curious about selective sleep deprivation, where people are kept from entering REM (rapid eye movement) sleep. Using an electroencephalograph (EEG) to monitor brain waves, he plans to let participants sleep until they enter REM sleep and then wake them. After the participants are awake for one minute, Dr. Kushner plans to let them return to sleep. As they enter REM sleep again, he will wake them again and follow the same procedure. He plans to do this through the entire eight-hour sleep session. The following morning, participants will be asked to take a sample SAT test. He is most concerned with what apa standard of ethucs
8
what is the difference between a ratio scale of measurement and an interval scale of measurement
A ratio scale of measurement has a zero value that actually means "nothing" or "the absence of something," but an interval scale does not.
which of the following is true of probability sampling
It is the best way to obtain a representative sample
which of the following events did not occur in the tuskegee study
Participants in the study were given/infected with the disease.
which of the following is true of the distinction between scientific journals and popular magazines
Scientific journal articles are peer-reviewed; popular magazine articles are not.
which of the following is not a research claim
Teens spend too much time texting and driving.
which of the following is true of moderators
They can inform external validity.
which of the following is not true of control variables
They help define the control group.
when conducting an experiment what is provided by the undependent variable
a comparison group
although this is unterestunf his experiences is limited because he does not have
a comparison group that did not receive the drug
a type one error is which of the following
a false positive
todd is studying the effect of popularity on academic success for his research methods project. he decides to measure popularity by asking each elementary school students to tell hi how many friends he or she has. he assume that more friends means the student is more popular. which of the following best describes this variable
a ratio scale of measurement
which of the following is an example of translational research
a sport psychologist who uses information on how we emotionally process victory to design an intervention for improving mental stamina during althetuc performance
in which of the following studies is self report the data best collection option
a study examining the i intensity of pain during natural birth
which of the following is true of sampling size
affect statistical validity
establishing construct validity is most important for which of the following
an abstract concept
IRB (Institutional Review Board) would probably be require for all of the following studies expect
an anonymous survey asking whether students want the campus mascot changed
if a study uses an unrepresentative sample, which question should you ask for assessing external valaoty
are the characteristics
in a normal dustruovuntuob why isn't the percentage of scores between 0 and 2 sd above the same as the percentage of scores between 2/3 above mean
as you move away from the mean the scores occurs progression less frequently
which of the questions above is an example of a uestuon that uses a luokert scale
b
which of the following is true between basic and applied research
basic and applied research have different goals
why should anton not interrogate the internal validity of the study
because the study claim is an association claim
scientific journals and magazines are similar in which of the following ways
both are trying to inform their reader
from an ethical standpoint in what way is researcherong prisoners with tuberculosis similar to researching children w ADHD
both groups of participants have less autonomy than other types of participants
which of the following allow us to make strong predictions using association claim
both strong outside associations and strong negative associations
what is cyril experiencing
buas blond spot
To evaluate how well a study supports a frequency claim, you need to focus on evaluating which of the following validities?
construct validity and external validity
what is the most common sampling techniques in behavior research
convenient sampling
beverage association claim failure to set the temporal precedence means that
covaruance estabkushed
according to its conception definition a variable should be related to a particular behavior. if a researcher is able to demonstrate that his measure of the variable is related to the behavior then he established which of the following
criterion validity
the problem of type one and type two errors occur because
decusuon makoung based on the inferential statistics depends on probabilities
which of the following is not a step in null hypothesis significant testing
determined the effect size
if you were concerned that tim was making the present/present buas what would you ask him
did you go into conversations where you opened w jokes
the temporal precedence criterion is also known as the
directionality
which of the following questions assesses internal validity when evaluating causal claims
does the study establish temporal precedence
what is a problem w the question
double barred
based on this study de kang can make which of the following claims
emotion enhances memory
is the approach of collecting data and using it to develop, support, and or challenge a theory
empiricism
which of the following is the reason that scientific journals use review
ensures that the study published are of the highest quality
why might a researcher choose purposive sampling over systematic sanmplung
external validity is not vital to the researchers study
dr guidry will be most able to accurately predict liked satisfaction from the experience of daouky stress because the relationship
has a largest effect size
which of the following in dr lushness study
he needs to obtain informed consent because there is a likelihood of risk to his study
Dr White reads about a new theory, "depressed ondvduals will have higher estrogen levels" was the
hypothesis
the quality of journalist coverage of a science story will be determined by two factors
importance and accuracy of the story
generally what is the man prodigy for experimental studies
internal validity
he must establish the of their measures
interrator reliability
which of the following questions is not necessary to ask when interrogating statistical validity
is random assignment affecting the fundings
all of the following are advantages of within group designs except
it is less films consuming for the participants
empirical journal articles, where would she go to look for a hypothesis
last paragraph of the introduction
researchers conducting an experiment can ensure temporal precedence by doing which of the following
manipulating the cause before measuring the effect
the variance and sd are based on how much each score deviates from the
mean
5,ten,ten,hundredd
median
what type of size effect has dr guidry found for the association between number of frilends and life status faction
medium
matthew, inventory section would be found where
method
joseph's would like to find a measure of central tendency he should use
mode
if our statistics results occur often by chance we conclude it is
not significant
whuch of the following allows dr lonsvary to conclude that she met the covaruance rule for causality
noting that there is a difference between the number of words recalled by the happy and neutral people
which of the folllowing statements is an operational definition of "fear of snakes" that could be a structural questions
on a scale of 1 to 10 how scared of snakes are you
which of the following is not a section or subsection commonly found in an emperucal journal article
outcomes
dr guidry should probably consider these scores
outliners
Occam's razor states that the simplest solution is the best, all things being equal. This speaks to a theory's:
parsimony
which of the following is true of debriefing
participants must be told the reasons for the deception
which of the following ethical violations proposed by the Belmont report was not committed in the tuskegee study
participants were not given monetary payments for their time
why would behavioral observation be a good research method for studying high feuesbcy behavior
participants would not be able to accurately eep track of so much data
this preliminary study is known as a study
pilot
another teens for probably sampling us
random sampling
he is concerned about
reactivity
the researcher should
reject the null of no doffeeence
advice that is based on is most likely correct
research
your professor says that researchers do not make ethical decisions alone. Why does this mean
researchers must consider the opinion of others, including URB members and peers
which of the following increases accurate responding
reverse worded questions
two researchers tell you they study the same thing. however when you look at their research papers, they do not use similar methodology or measures. how is the possible
same conceptual definition
a helpful tool for visualizing test retest reliability and interrater reliability is a
scatterplot
what does a large number for variance mean
scores are spread out
faking good is also knowns as
socially desirable responding
operational definition
some psychologists concepts are more difficult to operationally define than others
a threat to internal validity occurs only if a potential confound varies with the independent variable
systematically
which of the following produces information about the statistical validity of dr lonsbery study
the d coefficient
which of the following is a benefit of using wiki to review psychological research
the page can be corrected quickly
ethical decisions making done by researchers can change in response to all of the following except
the possibility of additional grant funding
which of the following means a study used in a buvaruate correlational design
the presence of measured variables
which of the following statements can you make when rejecting the null hypothesis
the probability is less than 5%
which of the following conclusions can she draw based on her analysis
the probability of obtaining the result by chance is less than 5%
which of the following statements can you she retaining the null hypothesis
the result is not statistically significant
variable in the study
the sex
Deci and Ryan's proposed, susan thinks there's an autonomy but it was not supported, what does this mean
the theory may need to be amended
when evualtung the external validity of an assucuatuon claim which of the following is the most important issue to consider
the way the sample was selected from the population
Benjamin is a social psychologist who studies marriage. He believes that marital satisfaction has two components: the ability to trust one's partner and a belief that one can be a good spouse. This is known as:
theory
which of the following is true of her fundings
there appears to be good internal reliably in the scale
under what circumstances should you calculate the median instead of mean
there are a limited number of extreme scores
What does a ".05 level of significance" mean?
there is less than 5% chance that the result would occur when the null hypothesis is true
which of the following of the following is not a reasonable explanation for dr smuthermans response
there were no ethical guidelines 5 years ago
dr guidry , which of the following is not true
these scores are more likely to have an effect because of the large sample size
How many subcategories of quantitative variables exist?
three
why is it important to adopt the mindset of a scientific reasoner
to avoid falling into the pitfalls of personal biases
in this study depicted in the figure above why might researchers have measured blood pressure twice
to make sure the two groups were equal before manipulation
a buased sample consists of too many cases
unusual
which of the following is Not an advantage of using the standard deviation oveee variance
using the standard deviation is a more accurate easier of variable
single number that represents the total amount of variation in a distribution is known as the
variance
which of the following is true of a no representation sample in a research claim
you should ask whether it is relevant to what the researchers are sampling