Research methods quiz 3 FALL 2022

Heteroscedasticity occurs when?

Variability in Y depends on the exact value of X.

Multiple regression is a technique which?

Allows researchers to predict a criterion variable through an accurate combination of two or more predictor variables

Unless there is a perfect relationship between X and Y, then predictions for Y will be?

Be closer to the mean of Y.

There is a correlation of .4 between annual wage and numbers of years of teaching experience. Based on this it can be concluded that?

More years of teaching experience are associated with higher annual wage

What may have an adverse effect on a correlation coefficient?

Restricting the range of possible scores

If there is a positive correlation between hours spent attending lectures and final grade of degree achievement, then it can be concluded that?

Students who attend most lectures get the highest grade of degree.

Which of the following is incorrect? -Linear regression relies on the line of best fit. -The line of best fit with linear regression maximizes the distance between the scores and the regression line. -Linear regression helps us discover by how much y will change when x changes -Linear regression utilizes a line drawn through the scores where total error is minimized.

The line of best fit with linear regression maximizes the distance between the scores and the regression line.

What does a high correlation between two variables show?

The potential to predict changes in one variable based on changes to the other

A regression analysis is not suitable when? -Two variables have been measured on a ratio scale -There is a high error ratio. -The data plot is a diagonal through the origin. -There is heteroscedasticity in the scatter plot.

There is heteroscedasticity in the scatter plot.

If more than one predictor is used to predict the criterion at the same time then?

This is a multiple regression, and there are ways of determining which predictor is best.

What does an error in the regression mean?

Y cannot be predicted perfectly.

An interaction effect is also known as?

a moderation effect

The variable predicted in a prediction study is?

criterion variable

A moderator effect is where the size of the relationship between one variable and another is?

different for the values of a third variable

An educational psychologist is researching whether group consistency and academic performance of students is influenced by gender. What would the moderator variable be?

gender

An educational psychologist is researching whether group consistency and academic performance of students is influenced by gender. Which of the following would act as the predictor variable?

group consistency

Which test would identify interaction effects and indicate moderation effects?

hierarchical multiple regression

The standard error of the estimate is to the regression line as the standard deviation is to what?

mean

Which of the following should equal 0 for both predictors?

mean

You are conducting a study into student attendance at lectures and overall degree grade and whether the grade is moderated by whether or not the lecturer has a PhD. What is the mediator variable?

none of the above

When two variables are correlated with each other and with a third variable, which type of correlation is suggested?

partial

An educational psychologist is researching whether group consistency and academic performance of students is influenced by gender. What is the dependent variable?

performance

The variable used to make a prediction is?

predictor variable

At which stage is the interaction entered in hierarchical multiple regression?

second

What does m represent in the equation Y = mX + C for a straight line?

slope

R2 is the notation for?

the coefficient of determination

What is a use for r?

validity

In the regression equation, what does y denote?

variable to be predicted

If R2 = .89, how relevant does the line of best fit become when making a prediction?

very relevant

Standardization converts scores into?

z-scores

what is a correlation?

​It is a way of measuring the extent to which two variables are related. It measures the pattern of responses across variables.