Respiratory System - Post Lab Quiz

With COPD, there is a decreased air flow from the lungs. This could be caused by which of the following reasons? Select all that apply.

- inflammation of major and small airways - destruction of the walls between your lungs' air sacs - excessive mucus production

Besides oxygen exchange, the respiratory system also functions to eliminate ______________ . Too much of this gas can cause a(n) ______________ in blood pH, compromising homeostasis.

- carbon dioxide - decrease

A pneumothorax occurs when air gets into the pleural cavity. Which of the following would you expect to occur when this happens? Select all that apply.

- intrapleural pressure would increase - the lungs would deflate / collapse

In a healthy person, which of the following will have the greatest influence on resistance to pulmonary airflow?

bronchiole diameter

Mucus plays an important role in cleansing inhaled air. It is produced by __________ of the respiratory tract.

goblet cells

Which lung volumes can be added together to calculate the functional residual capacity?

residual volume and expiratory reserve volume

COPD includes which of the following respiratory disorders? Select all that apply.

- bronchitis - emphysema

Which of the following is a correct path of air through the respiratory tract? Select all that apply.

- nose to pharynx to larynx to trachea - trachea to main bronchi to bronchioles to terminal bronchioles - terminal bronchioles to respiratory bronchioles to alveolar duct to alveolar sac

What opposing forces generate the pressure found within the pleural cavity (intrapleural pressure)? Select all that apply.

- surface tension caused by the serous fluid within the pleural cavity - elastic recoil of the lungs tissue inward - outward pull of the thoracic cage

Match the following structures with their functions. Alveoli Bronchi Bronchioles

Form passageways that help filter air: Bronchi Control flow of air into lungs: Bronchioles Location of gas exchange: Alveoli

Drag the label to the layer of the trachea with which it is associated.

Mucosa: Ciliated Epithelium, Goblet Cells, Mucociliary Escalator Submucosa: Mucous Glands, Tracheal Cartilages Muscularis: Smooth Muscle, Adjusts Airflow Adventitia: Fibrous Connective Tissue

If one inspires through their nose, which of the following answers has the correct order of structures the air would move through?

Nares → Vestibule → Nasal Cavity → Nasopharynx → Oropharynx → Laryngopharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Primary Bronchus → Secondary Bronchus → Tertiary Bronchus → Bronchiole → Terminal Bronchiole → Respiratory Bronchiole → Alveolar Duct → Alveolar Sac → Alveolus

Categorize the following as being associated with either obstructive or restrictive lung disorders.

Obstructive: Asthma, Bronchitis, Heavy smokers, Decreased airflow by bronchoconstriction Restrictive: Neuromuscular disorders, Fibrosis caused by coal dust, Weakening of respiratory muscles, Tuberculosis

Place the respiratory structures below in the order that air would pass through them as it moves from the outside to the inside of the body.

Outside of Body - Nares - Vestibule - Nasal Cavity - Posterior nasal aperture - Nasopharynx - Oropharynx - Laryngopharynx - Larynx - Trachea - Main bronchus - Bronchioles - Terminal bronchioles - Respiratory bronchioles - Alveolar ducts - Alveolar sacs - Alveoli Inside of Body

What is the importance of the cartilage rings in the trachea?

They keep the trachea from collapsing when you inhale.

Drag the label to the term that describes it.

Tidal Volume: Amount of air inhaled and exhaled in one cycle of quiet breathing, about 500 mL Inspiratory Reserve Volume: Amount of air that can be exhaled with maximum effort, about 3000 mL Expiratory Reserve Volume: Amount of air that can be inhaled with maximum effort, about 1300 mL Residual Volume: Amount of air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration, about 1200 mL

How is the vital capacity calculated?

expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

The anatomical name of the voice box is the

larynx.

What is the name of the volume of air moved in or out of the lungs during a quiet respiratory cycle?

tidal volume

The functions of the respiratory system include all of the following, EXCEPT

to maintain body temperature.