Review Chapter 18

Truman doctrine

United States policy that provided economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents

US reaction to uprising in Hungary

We were contained and decided not to help them.

Hollywood Ten

10 witnesses from the film industry who refused to cooperate with the HUACs investigation of communist influence in Hollywood

Dwight D Eisenhower

34th president and leader of the allied forces in Europe during World War II.

Berlin airlift

A 327 day operation in which US and British planes flew food and supplies into West Berlin after the Soviet blockaded the city in 1948

NATO

A defensive military alliance formed in 1949.

Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

American Communists who were executed after having been found guilty of conspiracy to commit espionage

U2 incident

American pilot that is shot down over the Soviet Union. When the plane is shot down, Eisenhower denied sending the spies, but after investigation the Russians uncover enough photos and evidence to force Eisenhower to take responsibility for his actions

John Foster Dulles

American politician principally known for serving as Eisenhower's secretary of State

Why the Soviets blockade Berlin

Berlin airlift. Stalin decided to take over.

What were the economic and political differences between communism and capitalism?

Capitalism: You can own property, have free press, and you can get health care only if you can afford it. Communism: Government owns property, government owns press and everyone has health care.

Leader of Nationalist Chinese

Chiang Kai-Shek

What is containment? Who was the author of the policy?

Containment is a policy of containing or restricting the spread of communism. George S Kunnam was the author of the policy.

Type of war MacArthur wanted to wage on North Korea? Successful?

Counter attack with fresh troops tanked and artillery. The war was successful because the army saved itself from a defeat.

Why Eastern European nations were called satellite nations after WWII

Eastern European nations were called satellite nations after WWII because they were communist nations in Eastern Europe on friendly terms with the USSR and thought of as under the USSR's control. They were basically countries dependent upon and dominated by the Soviet Union.

Alger Hiss

Former state department official who was accused of being a communist spy and was convicted of perjury.

Conflict over Suez Canal - who is involved? Outcome?

GB and US and France and Israel were involved. Decided to finance a dam on the Nile River. Outcome is not going through it, a war within the UN.

Why Francis Gary Powers was shot down?

He was shot down because he was flying the U2 spy plane while spying over the Soviet Union.

Crime McCarthy could not be accused of-since he made his accusations from the floor of the Senate

Insulting peoples reputations. Freedom of Speech. He accused people of being communist.

Leaders of Soviet Union and US at beginning of Cold War

Joseph Stalin and Harry S. Truman

Leader of North Korea

Kim II Sung

Geneva Summit -outcome?

Purpose of the Geneva Summit was to end the Cold War, reduce tension, and increase peace and security. The results were no agreements were reached but it "broke the ice."

What was the purpose of the Warsaw Pact?

Purpose was to form an alliance with European countries

Sputnik

The first satellite launched by Russia

What was the purpose of HUAC?

The purpose of HUAC was to investigate communist influence inside and outside the US government in the years following WWII.

Purpose of Truman's executive order

The purpose of Truman's executive act was to provide economic and military aid to free nations threatened by internal or external opponents.

Purpose of Eisenhower Doctrine

The purpose of the Eisenhower Doctrine was to defend the Middle East against attack by any communist country

Purpose of the Marshall Plan

The purpose was to have the U.S. send financial aid to help rebuild European countries that were completely destroyed after World War II.

Why CIA took over in Iran

They wanted control over the petroleum business. Oil was going down.

Dividing line between North and South Korea

Truce Line and 38th parallel