RN Adults Assessment

A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with a 45-year-old client whose sibling died from colon cancer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? "I can eat grilled steak and a baked potato for dinner." "I can eat broiled chicken breast and a cup of blueberries for dinner." "I can eat beef stew and a cup of boiled rice for dinner." "I can eat a salami sandwich and a cup of yogurt for dinner."

"I can eat broiled chicken breast and a cup of blueberries for dinner." The client is a risk for colon cancer because of their family history. The nurse should inform the client to consume a diet with minimal red meat, but high in fruits and vegetables, which are beneficial to colon health.

A nurse is caring for several clients in a community health clinic. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as at risk for transmitting HIV? A client who uses contraceptives A client who has unprotected intercourse A client who lives with an adult who has HIV A client who participates in oral intercourse

A client who has unprotected intercourse Unprotected intercourse is a risk factor for the development of sexually transmitted infections and HIV.

A nurse is reviewing a client's health record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for breast cancer? Family history of heart disease Receiving yearly mammograms Use of hormonal therapy Participation in aerobic activities three times weekly

Use of hormonal therapy Risk factors for breast cancer include sedentary lifestyle, drinking alcohol, female gender, using birth control or hormone therapy after menopause, not having children or having children after 30, tall stature, family history, exposure to DES.

A nurse is teaching about palliative care with a client who has recently developed Parkinson's disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding? "Palliative care services should begin at the beginning of my treatment." "I should start palliative care services if I have side effects of therapy." "I should start palliative care services if my treatment is not effective." "Palliative care services should begin 6 months following my treatment."

"Palliative care services should begin at the beginning of my treatment." Palliative care should begin at the beginning of treatment for a chronic condition, as the goals of the program can best be met if the treatment is initiated early.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a terminal illness. Which of the following actions would be priority for the nurse? Ensure the client gets adequate rest. Encourage the client to make their own decisions about their care. Involve the client's family in all aspects of decision-making. Arrange for a chaplain visit if desired.

Encourage the client to make their own decisions about their care. According to evidence-based practice the nurse should first ensure that the client has pertinent information and resources available to make their own end-of-life decisions and overall decisions about their care. This action promotes autonomy.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving inpatient hospice services and requests additional pain medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Provide distraction measures. Obtain a prescription to administer more analgesics. Inform the client that more medication is not indicated. Administer a prescribed sedative for the client.

Obtain a prescription to administer more analgesics. Obtaining a prescription for additional pain medication would assist with minimizing the client's discomfort, which is a goal of hospice therapy.

A nurse is discussing care options with the family of an older adult client who is currently living with them. The family is concerned that the client will fall at home while they are at work. Which resource should the nurse recommend for the family? Long term care facility placement Home health care Adult day care Senior health center

Adult day care Adult daycare provides assistance and support, and promotes an active lifestyle for older adults during the day. The client would benefit from a safer, supervised environment during the day which would decrease the risk for injury.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of a client who has a terminal illness. Which health care management options should the nurse include for discussion? (Select all that apply.) Hospice care in an acute care facility Hospice care in a rehabilitation center Hospice care in the home Hospice care in an inpatient hospice center Hospice care arranged through the physician's office Hospice care at an outpatient center

Hospice care in an acute care facility is correct. A client who has a terminal illness and for whom death is imminent can require hospice care during inpatient admission to provide comfort at the end of life. Hospice care in the home is correct. A client may benefit from home hospice, since this service will allow them to remain in their familiar home with their family, which may provide a great deal of comfort at the end of life. Hospice care in an inpatient hospice center is correct. Inpatient hospice centers may be a good option for clients who have been discharged from the hospital, but their families are not able to fully care for them at home. These centers provide a comfortable, home-like environment for end-of-life care. Hospice care arranged through the physician's office is correct. A physician's office would be able to provide an order and arrange for hospice care for a client and assist with connecting the client and family to the appropriate resources.

A nurse is discussing care options with the family of an older adult client who has dementia. The family states they will provide care for the client by using available family members. Which of the following family members should the nurse identify as most likely to be the client's full-time caregiver? The client's grandchild who is a young adult part-time college student The client's son who who is of middle-age and is currently employed The client's daughter who who is of middle age and is currently employed The client's sibling who is of middle age and is currently employed

The client's daughter who who is of middle age and is currently employed Statistical data reveals that women are more likely to become full-time caregivers than males. Other evidence suggest that children of the client are most likely to be caregivers as well.

A nurse is reviewing Medicare Part B with a client. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding? "This covers admission to a long-term care facility." "This covers diagnostic testing and preventative treatment." "This will reduce my out- of-pocket costs." "This covers my prescription medications."

"This covers diagnostic testing and preventative treatment." Medicare Part B will cover medically necessary services and preventative services, including durable medical equipment, to provide health maintenance and prevention of disease.

A community health nurse is obtaining a health history from a client who has heart disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a modifiable risk factor? Family history of diabetes 75 years of age High-fat diet Hearing loss

High-fat diet Eating a diet that is high in fat is a modifiable risk factor. The client can choose to change this lifestyle behavior and consume a diet that is lower in fat.

A nurse is admitting a 60-year-old client who has a history of chronic hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The client reports that they live alone in a rural area, have been unemployed for six months, and have not been taking their medications as prescribed. Which factors should the nurse identify as placing the client at high risk for health care disparities? (Select all that apply.) Male gender identity Employment status Having free time Medical history Residence Socioeconomic status

Male gender identity is correct. According to the CDC, suicide is one of the most common causes of death among clients who identify as male. A person who lives alone may be more prone to depression and poor health outcomes related to lack of health support. Employment status is correct. Unemployment and socioeconomic concerns increase risk of depression and suicide in clients. Medical history is correct. Chronic health conditions affect all clients, but clients who identify as male have a shorter life expectancy. Residence is correct. A person who lives alone may be more prone to depression and poor health outcomes related to lack of health support. Those who reside in rural communities have worse health outcomes than those who reside in urban areas, since access to health care may be limited. Socioeconomic status is correct. Unemployment and socioeconomic concerns increase risk of depression and suicide in clients.

A public health nurse is discussing wellness initiatives to assist with wellness promotion by the Department of Health and Human Services with a newly hired nurse. Which of the information should the nurse discuss? Medicare Healthy People 2030 Medicaid National Institute on Aging

Healthy People 2030 Healthy people is an initiative that has a goal of health promotion and disease prevention for all people, including those who have health care disparities or risk factors.

A home health nurse is conducting a home visit for a client and their caregiver. Which of the following statements by the caregiver indicates stress? (Select all that apply.) "I've been depressed lately." "I'm tired most of the day." "I'm very detailed oriented." "I often blame myself for things." "I am hopeful about the future." "I've been keeping to myself lately."

"I've been depressed lately" is correct. Signs of caregiver stress include depression, exhaustion, feelings of isolation or guilt. Blaming yourself for things is a finding associated with care stress. "I'm tired most of the day" is correct. Signs of caregiver stress include depression, exhaustion, feelings of isolation or guilt. Blaming yourself for things is a finding associated with care stress. "I often blame myself for things" is correct. Signs of caregiver stress include depression, exhaustion, feelings of isolation or guilt. Blaming yourself for things is a finding associated with care stress. "I've been keeping to myself lately" is correct. Signs of caregiver stress include depression, exhaustion, feelings of isolation or guilt. Blaming yourself for things is a finding associated with care stress.

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a family of a client who is postoperative from knee surgery. A family member informs the nurse that they are concerned that they will not be able to care for client because of employment. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? "Maybe we can ask the doctor to let the client stay in the hospital longer." "You can use FMLA that is available through your job." "You can hire someone to help care for them while you work." "I'm sorry you are concerned about that. Here is a referral to a support group."

"You can use FMLA that is available through your job." FMLA allows an employee who is taking care of a seriously ill loved one to take a leave from their job and their position will be protected.

A nurse is reviewing discharge planning for several older adult clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as most likely to require additional health care services? A client who has severe arthritis and lives alone. A client who has diabetes mellitus and lives alone. A client who has a cognitive disorder and lives with their family. A client who is scheduled for discharge to an acute rehab facility.

A client who has severe arthritis and lives alone. A client who has severe arthritis and lives alone would be at risk for injury, such as from falls. Therefore, the nurse should recommend additional community care services to assist the client with functioning independently in their home.

A nurse is caring for several clients who all have caregivers. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as most likely to have their caregiver experience caregiver stress? A middle-aged client whose caregiver is their parent parent who utilizes adult day care during the week An older adult client whose grandchild is the paid caregiver several days per week An older adult client whose caregiver is their middle-aged adult child who works full time and has a school aged child An older adult client with

An older adult client whose caregiver is their middle-aged adult child who works full time and has a school aged child This caregiver assists with providing care for their parent and child and works full time. Therefore, this caregiver would be a great risk for caregiver stress because of the inability to balance work, caregiving, and other aspects of life.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client and is reviewing the health record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for chronic heart disease? (Select all that apply.) Ethnicity: Black American Smoker - 1 pack per day Occupation: Retired BMI 30 Residence: Rural Lifestyle: Denies participating in aerobic activity

Ethnicity: Black American is correct. Black Americans are at increased risk for chronic diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, that increase risk of chronic heart disease. Smoker - 1 pack per day is correct. Smoking greatly increases the risk of chronic heart disease, especially in older adults. BMI 30 is correct. A BMI greater than 25 could indicate obesity which is a risk factor for heart disease. Lifestyle: Denies participating in aerobic activity is correct. A client who does not participate in exercise is at risk for developing heart disease.

A nurse is preparing to discuss palliative care with nurses caring for a minority population group. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Minority groups are more likely to utilize palliative care services. Minority groups are less likely to access palliative care services. Minority groups are less likely to experience death in a hospital setting. Minority groups do not have disparities in palliative care services.

Minority groups are less likely to access palliative care services. Minority populations are considered vulnerable and less likely to access to palliative care services.

A nurse is admitting a client whose adult child provides full-time care for them. Which of the following tasks should the nurse anticipate the adult child provides for the client? (Select all that apply.) Preparing meals Maintaining safety Performing procedures Providing companionship Bathing and dressing Making health care decisions

Preparing meals is correct. A caregiver provides basic daily care for a client, including meal preparation and assistance. Maintaining safety is correct. A caregiver assumes the responsibility of creating and promoting safety in the client's environment. Providing companionship is correct. A caregiver provides companionship for a client, since their presence is often the only human contact the client has regularly. Bathing and dressing is correct. Part of the role of a caregiver is assisting the client with daily activities, such as bathing and dressing.