Rock Formations and Fossils

Magma is a result of what process? cementation crystallization melting metamorphism

crystallization

Which two classes of rock will form near or at Earth's surface? extrusive igneous and sedimentary sedimentary and intrusive igneous metamorphic and igneous dmetamorphic and sedimentary

extrusive igneous and sedimentary

A sample of basalt has smaller crystals than a sample of granite. What is the most likely reason of this? The basalt forms when magma cools slowly forms when magma cools quickly contains lighter elements than granite contains heavier elements than granite

forms when magma cools quickly

______________ is known as the study of the earth's history, the remains of its living organisms in fossils, and materials. Geologic time scale A cycle Weathering Geological history

geological history

Metamorphic rock forms when the structure of pre-existing rock is changed. What processes can change rock in this manner? extruding and cooling compaction & cementation weathering & erosion heat & pressure

heat & pressure

A metamorphic rock is a rock that is formed under the Earth's surface from a change that occurs from extreme: cold and high winds heat and high winds heat and pressure cold and pressure

heat and pressure

This type of rock often has bubble holes were gases were trapped when the rock cooled. This rock would be classified as a: sedimentary rock metamorphic rock igneous rock Dsmooth rock

igneous rock

Rocks that come out of volcanoes and form the greater part of the Earth's crust. These rocks are: igneous rocks basalt metamorphic rocks granite

igneous rocks

When rock material erodes off of a mountain and is deposited in a valley, the total amount rock, sand, and sediments increases from the amount solid parent rock decreases the amount of solid parent rock remains the same as the amount of solid parent rock is unable to be determined

remains the same as the amount of solid parent rock

The amount of rock on the earth remains fairly constant, yet the amount of lava and magma fluctuates. What is the best possible explanation? the amount of lava released is so minimal that it cannot be recorded the lava is quickly eroded and so does not stay as a rock long enough to be recorded rock is constantly being melted and turned back into magma instrusive igneous rock is not recorded until it reaches the earth's surface

rock is constantly being melted and turned back into magma

Non-living substances made up of one or more minerals are known as: trees rocks biotic components mines

rocks

Which of the following is NOT an example of an igneous rock: Basalt Granite Sandstone Obsidian

sandstone

A rock that contains a fossil is most likely igneous sedimentary metamorphic felsic

sedimentary

Several rock samples are observed to be visibly layered with similar particle size, color, and arrangement. The rock samples should be classified as: igneous amphibole sedimentary metamorphic

sedimentary

Sandstone, amber, and limestone are examples of a metamorphic rock igneous rock basalt rock sedimentary rock

sedimentary rock

This rock is sometimes composed of plant and animal products or remains and often contains fossils. igneous rock basalt rock sedimentary rock metamorphic rock

sedimentary rock

Geologic history is divided into units on the basis of Radioactive dating The amount of rock deformation The thickness of sedimentary rocks the fossil record

the fossil record

The process in which rocks transform into other rocks over time due to weathering is known as: The erosion cycle The weather cycle The rock cycle The earth cycle

the rock cycle

Rocks are broken up into three major groups. These three groups are magma, metamorphic, and minerals igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary sedimentary, sand, and igneous sand, mud, and silt

igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary

The three rock types are: intrusive, extrusive, and weathered igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic volcanic, layered, and igneous conglomerate, eroded, and slumped

igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic

Which of the following characteristic best describes a metamorphic rock? It often has a sheen (shiny look) to them. It has distinct parallel layers. It often has bubble holes. It often appears dull.

it has distinct parallel layers

Throughout the rock cycle many processes take place (weathering, sedimentation, transformation. What happens to the total amount of material? it stays the same as its form changes it increases as its form changes it decreases as its form changes it fluctuates as its form changes

it stays the same as its form changes

The process by which rocks are broken down by water, wind, or ice is mechanical weathering chemical weathering biological weathering structural weathering

mechanical weathering

Scientists believe the amount of rock 50 million years from now will be the same as the current amounts. What evidence could be sited for the previous claim? the total amount of rock on earth fluctuates greatly the total amount of rock on earth appears to be constant the amount of sedimentary rock increases while the amount of metamorphic rock decreases the amount of igneous rock increases while the amount of sedimentary rock decreases

the total amount of rock on earth appears to be constant