Salt and Rust quizlet - Torline

What three "ingredients" are needed for the redox reaction that forms rust?

The ingredients are an anode, cathode and electrolyte solutions.

Why does a high abundance of salt near a car favor the formation of rust?

A high abundance of salt can make the air salty which is an ingredient for rust. The salt acts as an electrolyte.

Explain in detail why are salts such as MgCl2 and CaCl2 re more effective than NaCl at depressing (lowering) the freezing point.

Because more ions equals lower freezing point. The more ions you have the more broken up it will become. It is more expensive to use MgCl and CaCl so that why we don't really use them.

State at least four disadvantages to salting the roads during winter weather.

Corrosion especially on cars, bridges and over passes; kills surrounding vegetation; sterilizes the soil so it doesn't grow anything; and it harms the environment; can contaminate water sources; can create pot holes;

What specific metal in a car that corrodes to make rust?

Iron corrodes to make rust.

Why don't communities with extremely low temperatures use salt on their roads?

It doesn't help them at all because it gets to the point where it's not going to melt...it will still be frozen.

What are two methods that have been and can be used to prevent corrosion on cars?

One method is putting a coating of paint between the anode and the cathode. Another method is the DOD is hoping to keep the black hawk helicopters and B52 bombers that are currently in use running smoothly for decades to come, prevent water contact,

Approximately what is the cost per year of corrosion related issues in the U.S. economy?

The cost of corrosion related issues is $276 billion per year.

Name the two ways in which salt is used by road maintenance workers.

To melt ice that is already on the roadway and to prevent ice from forming on the roadway

Why does the presence of a solute, such as salt, cause freezing to occur at lower temperatures?

When a solution of salt in water is cooled to a low enough temperature, the water molecules begin to stick together in an organized way to form solid crystals. The more salt you add the more it lowers it.

Explain how the molecular motion of water changes during the freezing process.

When you remove heat from water, the molecules slow down. Molecules stop cashing into each other—freeze into crystal lattes structures.