很重要SAUNDERS LEADERSHIP ( 2 )

What are considered duties of a team leader? (Select all that apply.)

ANS:（考） a. Receiving reports on assigned patients b. Making patient assignments for team members c. Assessing all assigned patients d. Conferring with team members

Ethics of Care （Feminist ethics）关怀伦理论

Emphasizes the importance of understanding relationships, especially as they are revealed in personal narratives（个人生平事迹）

Ethical dilemma.

Place in correct order the steps the nurse should use to resolve an ethical dilemma. Arrange the actions in the order that they should be performed. All options must be used. --ANS:(考） determine if an issue is an ethical dilemma, ↓ gather information relevant to the case, ↓ clarify values, ↓ verbalize the problem, ↓ identify possible courses of action, ↓ negotiate a plan, ↓ and evaluate the plan over time.

critical path

Practice protocols Patient care protocol Care maps 注：Critical paths are not specifically nursing care plans（考）; however, they can take the place of a nursing care plan and actually map out the desired clinical progress of a client during acute care admission.

Types of injuries for each of these triage color tags.

Red Tag--The victim has a reasonable chance of survival if immediate treatment is instituted, eg，An open pneumothorax can be a life-threatening situation unless immediately managed（考）. Yellow tags-- are placed on victims whose injuries can wait for treatment without threat to life, for example, closed fractures. Green tags --are placed on victims with minimal injury, for example, minor lacerations or those experiencing anxiety related to the disaster. Black tags-- are reserved for those who are dead or whose injuries are so extensive there is no chance of survival.

Health and safety following a disaster.

The American Red Cross often provides temporary shelters for those who have been displaced during a disaster. It is a priority that nurses teach survivors about safety measures before they return to their homes. The nurse should teach the client that water can be used but that special measures need to be taken before use. The nurse should teach the survivors to avoid mixing chemicals such as cleaning chemicals together to prevent the formation of a toxic gas. Water needs to be boiled for 5 to 10 minutes before drinking to prevent ingestion of a harmful organism. Hands need to be washed frequently with soap and water to prevent disease transmission. In addition, 10 to 20 drops of chlorine bleach can be added to a gallon of water to make it safe for drinking.

The five rights of delegation(考）--Tcpds（体系怕的死）

The five rights of delegation are right task, right circumstance, right person, right direction, and right supervision. 注：Right time is not included in the five rights of delegation.

Moral distress in the workplace.

The licensed practical nurse is considering leaving the nursing profession after caring for multiple clients who have been diagnosed with conditions that have poor outcomes. Which measures would most likely assist the nurse in relieving this distress? Select all that apply. --ANS: Share the frustrations at unit multidisciplinary meetings(考）. Engage in ethics discussions with both nurses and other health care practitioners（考）.

Ethics committees.

The nurse has been asked to serve on the health care facility ethics committee and knows that this committee serves which purposes? Select all that apply. --ANS:(考） Process ethical dilemmas（考） Case consultation（考） Education（考） The purposes of an ethics committee include processing ethical dilemmas, providing education, and providing policy recommendations and case consultations. An ethics committee would not provide care for aging clients or approve emergency mental health commitment.

Ethical dilemmas in the older population.

The nurse is caring for an older adult and knows that an ethical dilemma is most likely to occur in this population because of which issues? Select all that apply. --ANS: Limited vision(考） Chronic illness（考） Lack of assertiveness（考） Older adults may be uncomfortable disagreeing with health care providers and see assertive behavior as a demonstration of lack of trust in that provider. Older adults may also have difficulty in communicating ethical issues because of hearing and vision deficits, memory impairments, and chronic illnesses.

Disaster preparation.

The nurse wants to ensure that the emergency department is prepared for a disaster and is creating an action plan for educating the staff. Which actions should the nurse plan in order to adequately prepare the staff? Select all that apply. --ANS: Identify specific nursing roles during a disaster （考）. Test the disaster plans before a disaster occurs.（考） Begin educating staff on roles at the time of a disaster.（考） Encourage each nurse to create a personal emergency preparedness plan.（考） NOT: Create a quick action plan for the emergency department when a disaster occurs. ( The nurse manager should not wait until a disaster occurs to create a disaster plan because this can lead to inadequate resources for safe client care.）

critical incident stress debriefing (CISD)严重事件应激晤谈

Training in how to help victims of disasters or other horrifying events talk about their feelings and reactions to the traumatic incidents.

Deontology[,diːɒn'tɒlədʒɪ] 道义论

defines actions as right or wrong. based on their "right-making characteristics," which include fidelity[fɪ'delɪtɪ]忠诚（考） to promises, truthfulness（考）, and justice（考）.

Utilitarianism [jʊ,tɪlɪ'teərɪənɪz(ə)m]功利主义论

the doctrine学说 that actions are right if they are useful（记） or for the benefit of a majority.