Saxon Math 8/7 Test 1 Vocab
origin
(1) The location of the number 0 on a number line, or (2) the point (0, 0) on a coordinate plane.
complex fraction
A fraction that contains one or more fractions in its numerator or denominator.
variable
A letter used to represent a number that may vary
number line
A line for representing and graphing numbers. Each point on the line corresponds to a number.
oblique lines
A line that is neither horizontal nor vertical
subtrahend
A number that is subtracted.
fraction
A number that names part of a whole.
decimal number
A numeral that contains a decimal point.
vertical angles
A pair of nonadjacent angles formed by a pair of intersecting lines. Vertical angles have the same measure.
alternate exterior angles
A special pair of angles formed when a transversal intersects two lines. Alternate exterior angles lie on opposite sides of the transversal and are outside the two intersected lines.
line
A straight collection of points extending in opposite directions without end.
mixed number
A whole number and a fraction together
divisible
Able to be divided by a whole number without a remainder.
rational numbers
All numbers that can be written as a ratio of two integers.
right angle
An angle that forms a square corner and measures 90°. It is often marked with a small square.
straight angle
An angle that measures 180° and thus forms a straight line.
acute angle
An angle whose measure is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.
obtuse angle
An angle whose measure is between 90° and 180°
natural numbers
Another term for "counting numbers".
commutative property of addition
Changing the order of addends does not change their sum. In symbolic form, a + b = b + a. Unlike addition, subtraction is not commutative.
commutative property of multiplication
Changing the order of factors does not change their product. In symbolic form, a x b = b x a. Unlike multiplication, division is not commutative.
dividend
In division, a dividend is divided by the divisor. dividend / divisor = quotient
parallel lines
Lines in the same plane that do not intersect.
positive numbers
Numbers greater than zero.
negative numbers
Numbers less than zero.
signed numbers
Numbers that are either positive or negative.
addend
One of two or more numbers that are added to find a sum.
inverse operations
Operations that "undo" one another (examples: addition and subtraction, multiplication and division).
operations of arithmetic
The four basic mathematical operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
associative property of addition
The grouping of addends does not affect their sum. In symbolic form, a + (b + c) = (a + b) + c. Unlike addition, subtraction is not associative.
associative property of multiplication
The grouping of factors does not affect their product. In symbolic form, a x (b x c) = (a x b) x c. Unlike multiplication, division is not associative.
whole numbers
The members of the set {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ...}.
additive identity
The number 0. See also Identity Property of Addition.
multiplicative identity
The number 1. See also Identity Property of Multiplication.
counting numbers
The numbers used to count; the members of the set {1,2,3,4,5,...}. Also called natural numbers.
angle
The opening that is formed when two lines, rays, or segments intersect.
identity property of multiplication
The product of any number and 1 is equal to the initial number. In symbolic form, a x 1 = a. The number 1 is referred to as the multiplicative identity.
sum
The result of addition.
reciprocal
The result of inverting a fraction.
product
The result of multiplication.
difference
The result of subtraction.
integers
The set of counting numbers, their opposites, and zero; the member of the set {...,-2,-1,0,1,2,...}.
identity property of addition
The sum of any number and 0 is equal to the initial number. In symbolic form, a + 0 = a. The number 0 is referred to as the additive identity.
decimal point
The symbol in a decimal number used as a reference point for place value.
numerator
The top term of a fraction.
intersect
To share a common point or points.
adjacent angles
Two angles that have a common side and a common vertex. The angles lie on opposite sides of their common side.
complementary angles
Two angles whose sum is 90°.
perpendicular lines
Two lines that intersect at right angles.
opposites
Two numbers whose sum is zero; a positive number and a negative number whose absolute values are equal.
property of zero for multiplication
Zero times any number is zero. 0 x a = 0.
Greatest Common Factor
a number when comparing two numbers which is the biggest number both are divisible by
subtraction
an arithmetic operation in which the difference between two numbers is calculated
multiplication
an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of division
division
an arithmetic operation that is the inverse of multiplication
expanded notation
nonzero digit times its place value (5x1000)+(2x100)+(8x10) = 5280
factors
numbers that form a product when multiplied together. factor x factor = product
digit
one of the elements that collectively form a system of numbers
factor
one of two or more integers that can be exactly divided into another integer
addition
the act of adding one thing to another
Least Common Multiple
the first number when comparing two numbers that both are able to get when multiplied
divisor
the number by which a dividend is divided
divisor
the number which divides the dividend dividend / divisor = quotient
factors of a number
whole numbers that divide a number without a remainder
